敷设空腔覆盖层的水下弹性球壳散射特性

研究敷设空腔覆盖层的水下弹性球壳声散射特性对探测和识别水下目标具有重要意义。利用 COMSOL有限元软件对水下弹性球进行仿真,获得目标强度的数值解,通过与理论解对比验证了该方法可用于计算水下球形结构的声散射特性。通过对弹性球壳敷设覆盖层前后的目标强度进行仿真,对比结果指出敷设空腔覆盖层能有效降低球壳的目标强度。进一步讨论覆盖层材料参数和空腔结构变化对弹性球壳声散射特性的影响,结果表明：空腔比、覆盖层厚度和损耗因子值越大,目标强度越小;与圆柱、圆台空腔相比,圆锥空腔的目标强度最低。     

水中弹性球瞬态声散射的时域数值解

选用目标表面势函数为变量,结合弹性边界条件,给出了水中弹性球瞬态声散射的时域积分方程法数值计算公式．研究了时域积分方程法在实际计算中随时间步进解呈发散趋势的问题,并采用时域低通滤波技术,基本克服了实际计算中解发散问题．计算了高斯形脉冲入射下弹性铝球的无量纲反向散射声压,并和由频域的Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ简正级数解与入射波的频谱的乘积作反变换得到的精确解做了比较,两者趋势基本一致     

异质体弹性动力学问题的积分方程法和散射场

本文用积分方程方法分析了无限大弹性体内含多个异质物时弹性动力学的散射问题,采用三维步函数导出了位移场的积分方程.为推广至内含有限多个异质物的情形,特别针对内含两个任意形状异质物的情况,给出了散射位移场、应力场以及散射微分横截面的一般公式.     

三维弹性波场的线性化逆散射问题

在弱散射假设下，建立了三维弹性多参数反演的理论方法，采用两束相互垂直的宽带平面波照射目标体，在包围目标体的封闭测量面上获取散射玻场，通过计算“平面波散射振幅”并选择适当的偏振方向将未知参数在富立叶变换域内解耦，所得结果类似于Ｘ射线ＣＴ成像，具有“滤波反投影“的形式。     

轴向环形界面裂纹的弹性波散射

自从１９７９年Ｎｅｅｒｈｏｆ首次研究了加层半空间中有限宽平面界面裂纹对Ｌｏｖｅ波的散射问题以来，界面裂纹的弹性波散射问题为众人所日益关注．近年来在这方面已有了一系列的研究工作．然而，其中大多数处理的是分层介质中的平面界面裂纹问题．本文考虑了轴向环形界面裂纹与弹性波的相互作用问题．利用Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ积分变换，将问题演化为一组对偶积分方程，并借助于雅可比多项式，给出了问题的级数解，最后得出了散射场在裂纹尖端附近的应力强度因子及远场位移模式的表达式，并对散射场的近场及远场特性进行了分析     

多层介质与半空间的硬币型(Penny-shaped)交界裂纹的弹性波散射

研究多层介质与半空间的硬币型交界裂纹的弹性波散射问题，采用Hankel积分变换，得到每层介质之间的传递矩阵关系，同时引进裂纹张开位移作为基本的未知量，进而得到两个对偶积分方程，应用Abel变换，可得到弹性波散射的积分方程，作为特例，文中给出了单一弹性层与半空间的硬币形交界裂纹的弹性波散射的一个重要的结果，即弹性层中的散射位移场的渐近形式，其理论结构表明，散射位移场主要由沿径向的rayleigh-lice-mode波导组成。     

普遍声逆散射微扰论与形式参数展开法

使用第一作者提出的形式参数展开法给出了在Ｂｏｒｎ 和Ｒｙｔｏｖ 变换下的有限形式声衍射层析成像理论算法．所给出的Ｂｏｒｎ 变换下的有限形式重建公式对散射体的要求比较松,适用于一类中强散射情况,而且计算量也不大．Ｒｙｔｏｖ 变换下的有限形式重建公式,因涉及广义散射,所以Ｓｏｍ ｍ ｅｒｆｅｌｄ 辐射条件不再成立,用它进行重建仍有很大困难．本文还给出了单频任意波阵面入射波情况下更普遍逆散射微扰论,包括Ｒｙｔｏｖ 变换下积分形式声逆散微扰理论．     

弹性波散射问题优化PML方法的收敛性

基于频域复坐标拉伸,给出一种解时谐弹性波散射问题的单轴优化完美匹配层(PML)方法.该方法通过在吸收函数中引入一个小参数ε_0,使散射问题优化PML方法的计算不再依赖PML层的厚度.结果表明,当参数ε_0充分小时,优化的PML解指数收敛于原弹性波散射问题的解.     

正弦型粗糙面上方平板的电磁波散射

建立了海洋粗糙面上目标电磁波散射的简化模型－正弦型剖面粗糙面上矩形平板的电磁波散射，将目标和粗糙面之间的相互作用表示为物理光学的双次反射，讨论了平板与正弦型粗糙面之间双次反射的散射机制；将有限平板的初级散射用三维场表示，提出了双次反射的计算精度。     

柱坐标系下PML—FDTD及总场—散射场区连接条件

在三维柱坐系下推导了完全匹配层(PML)吸收边界条件的时城有限差分(FDTD)表达式(PML—FDTD)，从而把FDTD方法推广到完全三维柱坐标系中。电磁波的远场可以视为平面波(TEM)，在目标电磁散射特性的研究中常常被作为激励源，给出了柱坐标系下完整的总场-散射场区的连接边界条件，从而模拟了平面波在自由空间的传播。最后，模拟了平西波和柱面波在自由空间中的传播过程，在产生了TEM波后，就可以方便地得到TE／TM波，从而满足对其它形式激励源的要求。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has