Why There's Nothing Wrong With Systems Thinking a Little Chaos Won't Fix? A Critique of Modern Systems Theory and the Practice of Organizational Change It Informs

We find ourselves at the dawning of a new millennium, uneasy denizens of a world of growing flux. The models of reality on which we rely in our continuing effort to master the turbulent and hypercompetitive marketplace are failing us. Even the much touted 20th-century innovation referred to by Peter Senge in his 1990 bestseller of the same name as the fifth discipline, that is, systems thinking, turns out to be less than adequate to the task. Therein lies the central purpose of this paper: to demonstrate why there's nothing wrong with systems thinking that a little chaos can't remedy. My intent is twofold: first, to expose the problematic partialness of this paradigm, given its tendency to direct one's focus to not to the whole system, but to its exterior half, and, second, to introduce the reader to Chaos, the powerful cosmology now emerging from 20th-century science, as a science of whole wholes—one that enables the practitioner of management and systems sciences to comprehend the system's externality, its subtle within, and most importantly, the crucial relationship between them.     

“Unfolding” Natural Resource-Use Information Systems: Fieldwork in Botswana

My research examines the performance of natural resource-use information systems. I question why such systems, despite receiving substantial financial and human investment, appear to have a weak impact on projects, programs, and policy intended for rural poverty alleviation in developing countries. Drawing on my understanding of the process of unfolding introduced by C. West Churchman, and its particular relationship to Habermasian constitutive interests, I reflect on my experiences of using the concept during fieldwork undertaken in Botswana. The concept is found useful on two fronts: first, it provides a purposeful guide for gathering and processing information/knowledge—what I have termed an epistemological intent; second, it provides a useful template for evaluating other information systems; in particular, the role of expertise—what I have termed an ontological intent. The process of unfolding, as I understand it, also provides an invitation for constructive (rather than self-indulgent) personal reflection: what might be termed a constitutive reflexive intent. By making information gathering and knowledge generation less mystical and a more transparent social activity, the conceptual and practical application of the process of unfolding can help toward retrieving inquiry as being a purposeful, openly political, and thereby less deceptive engagement: features which I believe are found particularly wanting in the business of rural development information gathering.     

An Inquiry into the Historical Meaning of “The Fifth Discipline”

This paper shows a possible way to unfold the historical meaning of The Fifth Discipline. The thread of this way is the question about the new way to be human promoted by The Fifth Discipline. It is shown that this new way of being is not modern and coincides at several points with the ancient one. This situation is given two opposed interpretations. The first one points to a sort of a returning of our cultural worldview to the ancient one. A critique to this interpretation leads to a second possibility, which points to a radicalization of the instrumental trends of high modernity. Then a second critique is articulated which shows that the shift in the idea of humanity manifested by The Fifth Discipline remains obscure and problematic for our current way of thinking.     

ON （∈, ∈ ∨q）-FUZZY FILTERS OF BL-ALGEBRAS

The authors introduce the notions of （∈, ∈ ∨q）-fuzzy Boolean （implicative, positive implicative, and fantastic） filters in BL-algebras, present some characterizations on these generalized fuzzy filters, and describe the relations among these generalized fuzzy filters. It is proved that an （∈, ∈ ∨q）fuzzy filter in a BL-algebra is Boolean （implicative） if and only if it is both positive implicative and fantastic.     

On Fuzzy <Emphasis Type="Italic">h</Emphasis>-Ideals of Hemirings

The concept of quasi-coincidence of a fuzzy interval value in an interval valued fuzzy set is considered. In fact, this concept is a generalized concept of the quasi-coincidence of a fuzzy point in a fuzzy set. By using this new concept, the authors define the notion of interval valued （∈, ∈ Vq）fuzzy h-ideals of hemirings and study their related properties. In addition, the authors also extend the concept of a fuzzy subgroup with thresholds to the concept of an interval valued fuzzy h-ideal with thresholds in hemirings.     

Integrating dual-role variables in data envelopment analysis

Traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) theory assumes that decision variables are regarded as inputs or outputs, and no variable can play the roles of both an input and an output at the same time. In fact, there exist some variables that work as inputs and outputs simultaneously and are called dual-role variables. Traditional DEA models cannot be used to appraise the performance of decision making units containing dual-role variables. The paper analyzes the structure and properties of the production systems comprising dual-role variables, and proposes a DEA model integrating dual-role variables. Finally the proposed model is illustrated to evaluate the efficiency of university departments.       

Multiobjective maintenance optimization of the continuously monitored deterioration system

With the development of the monitoring technology, it is more and more common that the system is continuously monitored. Therefore, the research on the maintenance optimization of the continuously monitored deterioration system is important. The deterioration process of the discussed system is described by a Gamma process. The predictive maintenance is considered to be imperfect and formulated. The expected interval of two continuous preventive maintenances is derived. Then, the maintenance optimization model of the continuously monitored deterioration system is presented. In the model, the minimization of the expected operational cost per unit time and the maximization of the system availability are the optimization objectives. The improved ideal point method with the normalized objective functions is employed to solve the proposed model. The validity and sensitivity of the proposed multiobjective maintenance optimization model are analyzed by a numerical example.       

Moving object detection in framework of compressive sampling

Compressive sensing is a revolutionary idea proposed recently to achieve much lower sampling rate for signals. In the image application with limited resources the camera data can be stored and processed in compressed form. An algorithm for moving object and region detection in video using a compressive sampling is developed. The algorithm estimates motion information of the moving object and regions in the video from the compressive measurements of the current image and background scene. The algorithm does not perform inverse compressive operation to obtain the actual pixels of the current image nor the estimated background. This leads to a computationally efficient method and a system compared with the existing motion estimation methods. The experimental results show that the sampling rate can reduce to 25% without sacrificing performance.     

Novel matched filtering method and its application

The method of using a narrowband filter to realize matched filtering is derived. A novel method of using spectrum sampling to realize matched filtering is presented, and the method can conquer the disadvantages that the narrowband filter cannot adopt the adaptive scheduling of phased array radars and realize matched filtering for several waveforms. A novel error extraction method is proposed, which uses a time division multipath method to realize the intermediate frequency extraction. This method can save lots of space for vehicle-born radar systems, reduce the influence of amplitude and phase distortion caused by devices, and enhance the system reliability. Simulation results show that the spectrum sampling method is applicable, and the implementation of frequency spectrum sampling is elaborated.     

Fault detection observer design for networked control system with long time-delays and data packet dropout

Focusing on the networked control system with long time-delays and data packet dropout, the problem of observerbased fault detection of the system is studied. According to conditions of data arrival of the controller, the state observers of the system are designed to detect faults when they occur in the system. When the system is normal, the observers system is modeled as an uncertain switched system. Based on the model, stability condition of the whole system is given. When conditions are satisfied, the system is asymptotically stable. When a fault occurs, the observers residual can change rapidly to detect the fault. A numerical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Hierarchical interacting multiple model algorithm based on improved current model

Interacting multiple models is the hotspot in the research of maneuvering target models at present. A hierarchical idea is introduced into IMM algorithm. The method is that the whole models are organized as two levels to co-work, and each cell model is an improved “current” statistical model. In the improved model, a kind of nonlinear fuzzy membership function is presented to get over the limitation of original model, which can not track weak maneuvering target precisely. At last, simulation experiments prove the efficient of the novel algorithm compared to interacting multiple model and hierarchical interacting multiple model based original “current” statistical model in tracking precision.     

LLR calculation for LDPC coded SCBT in 60 GHz WPAN

The single-carrier block transmission (SCBT), a.k.a., single-carrier frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE), is being considered as an option technique for the wireless personal area network (WPAN) operating at 60 GHz. It is found that for residential environment, in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) multi-path channels, the SCBT is much more effective to combat the inter-symbol interference (ISI) compared with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of linear block codes which provide near capacity performance on a large collection of data transmission and storage channels while simultaneously admitting implementable decoders. To facilitate using LDPC codes for SCBT system, a new log-likelihood ratio (LLR) calculation method is proposed based on pilot symbols (PS). Golay Sequences whose sum autocorrelation has a unique peak and zero sidelobe are used for creating the PS. The position and length of the PS are not fixed in the data blocks. The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the LDPC decoding performance in SCBT system. This is very promising to support ultra high-data-rate wireless transmission.     

Social Systems Design as a Vehicle Towards Local Public e-Services for and by Citizens

The need for increased user participation and involvement in the process of designing and developing public e-Services has been emphasized in recent years. User involvement is critical to success in the development and implementation of public e-Services, and many visions and efforts are focused on citizen participation in the design and development process. In this article, concepts of Social Systems Design are analysed in the context of local public e-Services in order to improve potential to meet the requirements for user participation and involvement. Results show that the ideas of Social Systems Design, where applicable, can contribute to user-centred development of local public e-Services, and can form a foundation for the development of methods that utilize user participation and involvement. However, further research requires empirical studies.     

Hopf bifurcation and chaos of financial system on condition of specific combination of parameters*

Exponential stability of the first order singular distributed parameter systems is discussed in the light of degenerate semi-group methods, which is described by the abstract developing equation in Hilbert space. The necessary and sufficient conditions concerning the exponential stability of the first order singular distributed parameter systems are given.     

Orthogonal genetic algorithm for solving quadratic bilevel programming problems

A quadratic bilevel programming problem is transformed  into a single level complementarity slackness problem by applying  Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. To cope with the complementarity  constraints, a binary encoding scheme is adopted for  KKT multipliers, and then the complementarity slackness problem  is simplified to successive quadratic programming problems,  which can be solved by many algorithms available. Based on 0−1  binary encoding, an orthogonal genetic algorithm, in which the orthogonal  experimental design with both two-level orthogonal array  and factor analysis is used as crossover operator, is proposed.  Numerical experiments on 10 benchmark examples show that the  orthogonal genetic algorithm can find global optimal solutions of  quadratic bilevel programming problems with high accuracy in a  small number of iterations.     

可扩展建模与仿真框架-XMSF技术研究

近年来，基于web的建模与仿真技术研究的开展提出了可扩展的建模与仿真框架XMSF，它对建模与仿真技术的发展特别是在系统框架和构成方面具有重要的意义。文中简要介绍了XMSF的研究现状，讨论了其主要支持技术，进而重点介绍了XMSF研究的几项关键技术，最后给出从国外XMSF研究中可以借鉴和学习到的两点建议。     

基于目标不变信息量的模糊航迹对准关联算法

探讨了在组网雷达存在系统误差情况时的目标航迹对准关联问题。通过将探测系统误差对目标航迹的影响表示为各目标航迹数据的旋转和平移,从而说明了目标之间的相对拓扑关系不受系统误差影响;由此提出了一种雷达组网模糊航迹对准关联算法,该算法通过提取包括目标间拓扑信息在内的各种不受系统误差影响的目标不变信息量,采用模糊信息处理理论来解决目标航迹的对准关联问题,从而较好地实现了误差配准前的准确航迹对准关联。     

UWB-SAR方位多普勒频率变化的非线性研究

本文首先研究了超宽带合成孔径雷达(UWB-SAR)方位多普勒频率变化非线性现象,然后探讨了它与积累角之间的关系,接着从理论上分析了其影响,最后通过计算机仿真验证了所有结论的正确性.     

The Japanese dilemmas of modernity: Negative ideology or neopositive ideology?

Japan's postwar economic “miracle” has attracted much attention. The question is whether the miracle arises from the “unique” and enigmatic nature of the Japanese culture. This paper presents Weber's views of modernity and Habermas's reconstruction of Weber's negative view of modernity. Then the paper turns to Habermas's theory of communicative action, especially, his two-level concept of society integrating the lifeworld and system, and his critical theory of modernity, which analyzes and accounts for its sociopathologies. Then the paper proceeds to argue that Japan's modernity was born, not out of disenchantment, but out of reenchantment, with the concimitant consequence in neopositive ideologies through which the system colonized the lifeworld, leading to imprisonment in a “soft” iron cage.     

现代化战争的复杂性

战争系统是典型的复杂巨系统之一，对战争系统的研究是系统科学研究的一个重要分支。文章结合系统科学、复杂性科学和军事科学的知识，对现代化战争的复杂性进行了研究。首先阐述了现代化战争的概念以及特点，综述了国内外对系统复杂性研究的状况，然后从相互作用、战争手段的多样性以及不确定性三个方面对现代化战争复杂性的产生原因进行了探讨，并分析了现代化战争复杂性的三个重要表现形式，即非线性、涌现性和流动性。最后指出：复杂性给研究战争带来了很大的困难，也提供了崭新的视角；现代化战争复杂性的研究是一个复杂的过程，复杂适应系统理论和从定性到定量的综合集成方法都对我们具有重要的作用。