Strip-transfer method applicable in two-dimensional paper chromatography

Zusammenfassung Methode zur Befestigung eindimensionaler Papierchromatogramme an anderen Chromatogrammblättern. Dies ermöglicht eine zweite Trennung senkrecht zur ersten Laufrichtung. Die Methode eignet sich auch für eine Kombination von Papierelektrophorese mit Papierchromatographie.     

Use of large filter paper sheet in circular paper chromatography by descending technique

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Methode für die Anwendung grosser Papierbogen bei Kreispapierchromatographie beschrieben. Eine Chromatographiekammer für absteigende Technik wird verwendet. Durch einen in der Mitte unterbrochenen Schlitz parallel zum Papierrand und durch Paraffinimprägnierung der seitlichen, nicht durchtrennten Ränder wird der Radiärfluss des Lösungsmittels erreicht. Die Trennung der Aminosäuren eines Proteinhydrolysats gelingt so besser als bei Verwendung kleiner Filterpapiere.     

The semi-quantitative determination of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters by paper chromatography

Zusammenfassung Eine papierchromatographische Methode zur semiquantitativen Bestimmung von Cholesterin und Cholesterinester in biologischem Material wird beschrieben.     

Quantitative N-terminal amino acid analysis by thin layer chromatography

Zusammenfassung Eine Methode für die quantitative Bestimmung N-endstándiger Aminosäuren, Proteine und Peptide mittels Dünnschichtchromatographie wurde entwickelt.

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This work was supported in part by Grant No. 5 RO5 TW 00071-02 from the United States Public Health Service, USA.     

Transmembrane movements of lipids

Membranes allow the rapid passage of unchanged lipids. Phospholipids on the other hand diffuse very slowly from one monolayer to another with a half-time of several hours. This slow spontaneous movement in a pure lipid bilayer can be selectively modulated in biological membranes by intrinsic proteins. In microsomes, and probably in bacterial membranes, non-specific phospholipid flippases allow the rapid redistribution of newly synthesized phospholipids. In eukaryotic plasma membranes, aminophospholipid translocase selectively pumps phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) from the outer to the inner leaflet and establishes a permanent lipid asymmetry. The discovery of an aminophospholipid translocase in chromaffin granules proves that eukaryotic organelles may also contain lipid translocators.     

Transmembrane movements of lipids

Summary Membranes allow the rapid passage of uncharged lipids. Phospholipids on the other hand diffuse very slowly from one monolayer to another with a half-time of several hours. This slow spontaneous movement in a pure lipid bilayer can be selectively modulated in biological membranes by intrinsic proteins. In microsomes, and probably in bacterial membranes, non-specific phospholipid flippases allow the rapid redistribution of newly synthesized phospholipids. In eukaryotic plasma membranes, aminophospholipid translocase selectively pumps phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) from the outer to the inner leaflet and establishes a permanent lipid asymmetry. The discovery of an aminophospholipid translocase in chromaffin granules proves that eukaryotic organelles may also contain lipid translocators.     

Biological activity of phenolic lipids

Phenolic lipids are a very diversified group of compounds derived from mono and dihydroxyphenols, i.e., phenol, catechol, resorcinol, and hydroquinone. Due to their strong amphiphilic character, these compounds can incorporate into erythrocytes and liposomal membranes. In this review, the antioxidant, antigenotoxic, and cytostatic activities of resorcinolic and other phenolic lipids are described. The ability of these compounds to inhibit bacterial, fungal, protozoan and parasite growth seems to depend on their interaction with proteins and/or on their membrane-disturbing properties.     

Forecasting commercial paper rates

A model previously developed by Lackman (C. L. Lackman, Forecasting commercial paper rates. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 15 (1988) 499–524) for the period 1960 to 1985 is updated to include the 1990s and incorporate statistical techniques relating to tests for stationary conditions not available in 1988. As in the previous model, the demand for commercial paper by each institution (Households (HH), Life Insurance Companies (LIC), Non‐Financial Corporations (CRP) and Finance Corporations (FC)) and the total demand is simulated. Simulations of the commercial paper rate are also generated—using just the demand equations (total supply exogenous) and then employing the entire model (supply endogenous) to determine the rate. Simulation periods are from 1960:2 to 2001:4 for all demand simulations. The dynamic simulation of the total demand for commercial paper performs well. The resulting root mean square error, 3.485, compares favourably with the Federal Reserve Boston–Massachusetts Institute of Technology (FRB–MIT) estimate of the commercial paper rate (deLeeuw and Granlich, 1968). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The lipids of human peripheral lymph

Zusammenfassung Fettgehalt und -zusammensetzung der peripheren Lymphe von 14 Patienten wurden untersucht und mit früheren Ergebnissen an peripherem Blut und Thoracicuslymphe verglichen. Der Triglyceridgehalt der Lymphe war grösser, der aller anderen Fettfraktionen niedriger als im peripheren Blut. Zusätzlich wiesen die Triglyceride der Lymphe einen relativ hohen, die Cholesterolester einen relativ tiefen Gehalt an Polyensäuren auf.     

Multiple spots on paper chromatograms

Zusammenfassung Bei der papierchromatographischen Prüfung bestimmter reiner Stoffe wurde die Bildung mehrerer Flecken beobachtet. Derartige ?ghost?-Flecken entstehen mit gewissen herzaktiven Glykosiden und auch mit dem Antibiotikum Monamycin.