基于SIVAK的三峡船闸通过能力仿真

基于仿真软件SIVAK建立三峡船闸仿真模型,分析船舶的待闸时间,研究过闸调度策略.运用先到先服务(FCFS)调度方式和现实中过闸船舶编排调度方式,分别对三峡船闸通过能力进行仿真,得到两种调度的仿真结果.对比结果表明,运用FCFS调度方式可以明显缩短船舶待闸时间,增加过闸船舶数量,提高船闸通过能力,提升船闸服务质量.     

闸室船舶组合优化动态模型

基于心理学理论,对待闸船舶提出了极限等待时间的概念.提出将船舶按照特大型、大型、中型、小型设立排队队列,并基于0-1规划建立闸室船舶组合优化动态模型.以泰州船闸某一天上行过闸为例,应用闸室船舶组合优化动态模型对其进行优化调度.结果表明,优化后总闸次数、平均每闸吨位、船舶平均待闸时间、平均闸室利用率等指标比优化前均有了不同程度的改善.     

船闸一次过闸平均吨位计算模型

为研究内河船闸通过能力,对其关键参量一次过闸平均吨位的计算方法进行改进,建立了基于船舶吨位与面积关系的一次过闸平均吨位计算模型.结合实测资料,对模型的船舶吨位与面积关系以及闸室利用率进行了分析.船舶吨位与面积关系可采用线性、二次多项式等函数进行回归分析得到,闸室利用率可采用其年平均值,一般在0.5~0.7之间.验证表明:该模型结构简单,能够得到令人满意的结果;较之规范(JTJ305—2001)推荐的方法,回避了过闸设计船型的选取及其组合等不确定性因素,能够动态地反映船舶大型化和标准化趋势的影响,根据实际或预测的船舶平均吨位即可连续计算一次过闸平均吨位,为船闸通过能力计算提供了新思路.     

优化输水方式提高三峡船闸通过能力措施研究

探讨了三峡船闸四级运行方式下二闸首作为首级运行时一闸室水体波动特性;阐述了波动形成的机理,分析了二闸首阀门运行方式对一闸室波动的影响;提出了满足一闸室待闸安全要求的阀门开启方式;通过实船试验检验了一闸室待闸船舶停泊条件,总结了一闸室待闸调度方式。运行实践表明,三峡船闸完建期实行四级运行方式下,将下行船舶由靠船墩移至一闸室满闸室待闸,可提高船闸日均通过闸次近3个,通航效益明显。     

基于蚁群算法的船舶过闸计划优化模型

针对船舶过闸计划生成的难题,提出了基于蚁群算法的船舶过闸计划生成方案,建立了船舶过闸排档问题的优化模型(包括目标函数和约束条件),给出了基于蚁群算法的船舶排档问题求解算法和船舶过闸排档计划生成的蚁群算法的构造过程,包括信息素策略、概率转移策略、约束条件的处理和算法步骤.依据该算法并结合三峡南线船闸的实际调度数据,给出了实验结果,证明船舶过闸计划生成方案是有效的.     

基于大数据的内河船舶主机功率估算方法

针对目前船舶排放计算中船舶主机功率的估算问题,基于AIS数据库和长江船舶登记数据库的相关信息,采用数据拟合方法,得到不同船型的主机功率对于船舶主尺度的最优函数;建立船舶的主机功率估算模型,并对模型进行计算验证.实验结果表明,用该方法建立的船舶主机功率估算模型的估算值与实际值之间的误差率在±10%以内,具有较高的可靠性.     

三峡出闸船舶航速分布规律与预测应用

为监控出闸船舶的异常航速、科学调度出闸船舶、提高船舶出闸效率和保障船舶出闸安全,研究了三峡出闸船舶航速分布规律与预测应用问题.以船舶AIS(automatic identification system)统计数据为基础,通过直方图方法分析了船舶离闸距离、船舶尺度与船舶出闸航速之间的关系,在此基础上,利用80％的AIS数据建立了基于BP(back propagation)神经网络的船舶出闸航速预测模型,并以20％的AIS数据对船舶出闸航速预测模型予以验证,最后通过案例阐释航速预测模型的应用.结果表明:该模型预测航速的平均误差为6.7％,对预测航速和实际航速进行单因素方差分析,两组数据并无显著性差异.可见基于BP神经网络的船舶出闸航速预测模型可以应用于船舶出闸航速预测.     

船闸闸墙的模糊层次评价模型

针对船闸闸墙的老化病害现象,以闸墙可靠性作为总准则层,向下分解为安全性、适用性、耐久性3个属性;再选取对其有主要影响的因素作为一级指标,建立了3个层次11个指标的多层次多因素指标体系;采用改进的层次分析法确定一级指标权重,运用模糊综合评价法确定隶属度,结合反应船闸状态的评语集,得到船闸闸墙的可靠度情况,由此建立模糊层次评价模型.以江苏某船闸闸墙为例,具体说明该模型运行过程.该船闸评价结果为亚健康,与实情相符,它为闸墙是否需要修复提供了评判依据.     

基于单重休假规则M/G/1的交汇区域船舶通航能力计算模型

为获得内河航路交汇区域船舶通过能力,引入排队理论,研究船舶到达规律、排队机制、服务机制,建立基于单重休假规则M/G/1排队系统的交汇区域船舶通过能力研究模型,获得交汇区域船舶通过能力基本规律.分析结果表明:单艘船舶通过交汇区域所需时间越长,等候通过的船舶数量越多,船舶排队长度越长;当交汇区域船舶排队长度趋于无限长时,该处船舶通过能力仅由该区域服务能力决定.模型结果与实际数据比较证实了单重休假规则M/G/1排队系统模型的可用性及可靠性.     

基于MODIS数据的地面颗粒物浓度估算方法

提出了一种基于卫星遥感数据的近地面颗粒物质量浓度(PM值)估计方法 .采用Terra/MODIS卫星数据和基于连续两天MODIS数据的气溶胶光学厚度反演算法,反演出无锡地区的气溶胶光学厚度;再利用所反演的气溶胶光学厚度与地面实测颗粒物质量浓度数据进行分析,得出颗粒物质量浓度的大小分布范围与气溶胶光学厚度的关系模型;进一步利用研究区域中地面站点监测到的颗粒质量浓度数据对估算结果进行评估.结果表明该方法所估算的PM值与地面实测数据具有较好的相关性,且地面监测的颗粒物质量浓度均分布在卫星遥感数据所估算的范围之内.本研究证明了MODIS卫星数据监测地面颗粒物质量浓度的可行性,为近地面PM值的估算提供了有效手段.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-