牛磺酸干预对高糖培养H9c2心肌细胞的保护效应与机制

为研究与分析牛磺酸干预对高糖培养H9c2心肌细胞的保护效应及其具体机制。通过将复苏的H9c2心肌细胞传至3～4代,分为以下三组:(1)对照组(CN):葡萄糖浓度为5. 5 mmol/L;(2)高糖组(HG):葡萄糖浓度为25. 5 mmol/L;(3)牛磺酸干预组(TAU):HG组基础上,加终浓度为40 mmol/L的牛磺酸。48 h后收集细胞,采用Annexin-V/碘化丙啶(propidine iodide,PI)结合流式细胞仪检测心肌细胞凋亡发生情况,Western Blot检测丝裂原活化蛋白激酶p38 MAPK的蛋白表达,放射免疫法检测TNF-α表达量,并采用相关试剂盒检测丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平。结果显示:与CN组相比较,HG组H9c2心肌细胞经高糖培养48 h后细胞凋亡率增加(P 0. 001),细胞TNF-α、MDA显著水平升高(P 0. 001),SOD水平降低(P 0. 001),胞内磷酸化p38水平亦升高(P 0. 001);加入牛磺酸干预后,与HG组比较,TAU组细胞凋亡率减小(P 0. 01),细胞TNF-α、MDA及磷酸化p38蛋白水平明显降低(P 0. 05),SOD水平升高(P 0. 01)。可见牛磺酸能够减轻高糖刺激下H9c2心肌细胞的凋亡,其机制可能通过上调SOD水平,下调TNF-α、MDA水平,降低胞内p38磷酸化来实现对高糖细胞损伤的保护效应。     

NOX4抑制剂GKT137831增强顺铂对A549细胞的毒性作用

目的:研究GKT137831(NOX4抑制剂)和顺铂单用或联用对肺癌A549细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及作用机制.方法:MTT法检测不同浓度的GKT137831和顺铂对细胞毒性的影响,分别选取合适的浓度进行联合用药;流式细胞法检测细胞凋亡率;酶联免疫法检测Caspase3/7活性;免疫印迹检测A549细胞中Akt、p-Akt、MRP1蛋白表达.结果:GKT137831和顺铂单用均能抑制A549细胞的增殖,并诱导其凋亡,GKT137831可增强顺铂的细胞毒性.顺铂能上调p-Akt和MRP1的表达(P0.05),GKT137831则抑制p-Akt和MRP1的表达(P0.05);与对照组和单独用药组相比,联合用药能抑制p-Akt和MRP1的表达(P0.05),表明GKT137831能抑制顺铂导致的p-Akt和MRP1表达上调.结论:GKT137831能够增强顺铂对肺癌细胞A549的毒性效应,作用机制可能通过抑制PI3K/AKT途径,调节其下游MRP1的表达有关.     

NADPH氧化酶在油酸诱导的H9c2心肌细胞凋亡中的作用

本研究旨在探讨NADPH氧化酶活化在油酸诱导的H9c2心肌细胞损伤中的作用.以体外培养H9c2心肌细胞为研究对象,用不同浓度(200,400,800μmol/L)油酸刺激H9c2心肌细胞(24,48,72 h),采用MTT法检测细胞活力;流式细胞术检测细胞内活性氧和凋亡指标;免疫印迹法检测细胞内Caspase 3,Bax,Bcl-2变化.结果表明,油酸刺激明显抑制细胞增殖、细胞内活性氧水平明显增加、Cleaved-caspase 3蛋白水平明显增加、Bcl-2/Bax蛋白水平明显降低;NADPH氧化酶抑制剂DPI预处理明显改善油酸所致H9c2心肌细胞增殖抑制、活性氧增加和凋亡.本研究结果提示NADPH氧化酶活化参与油酸所致H9c2心肌细胞凋亡.     

缺氧和高糖对大鼠肾成纤维细胞VEGF和PEDF表达的影响

探讨了缺氧对不同浓度葡萄糖培养的肾成纤维细胞(NRK细胞)血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)与色素上皮衍生因子(pigment epithelium derived factor,PEDF)表达和变化情况.将NRK细胞分为:正常组(5.6mmol/L葡萄糖)、高糖A组(15mmol/L葡萄糖)、高糖B组(30mmol/L葡萄糖)、缺氧对照组(100μmmol/LCOCl2)、缺氧A组(100μmmol/LCOCl2+15mmol/L葡萄糖)、缺氧B组(100μmmol/LCOCl2+ 30mmol/L葡萄糖).采用半定量RT-PCR方法及ELISA法测定24h、48h后NRK细胞VEGF与PEDF mRNA及蛋白的表达及其变化情况.与正常对照组相比,不同浓度葡萄糖培养的NRK细胞在缺氧条件下VEGF蛋白含量明显升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),VEGF mRNA表达升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),并呈剂量依赖性;随着缺氧时间的延长,各组NRK细胞的VEGF蛋白含量呈上升趋势(P＜0.01),VEGF mRNA表达亦升高(P＜0.05).与正常对照组相比,各组NRK细胞的PEDF蛋白含量明显下降(P＜0.01),PEDF mRNA表达下降(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),并呈剂量依赖性;随着缺氧时间的延长,各组NRK细胞的PEDF蛋白含量呈下降趋势(P＜0.01),PEDF mRNA表达亦下降(P＜0.01).缺氧加重高糖培养的大鼠肾成纤维细胞VEGF与PEDF的表达失衡,从而探讨了缺氧在糖尿病肾病(DN)的发病中起到的作用.     

人参多糖通过抑制ROS水平和凋亡保护H2O2诱导的心肌细胞氧化应激损伤

为探讨人参多糖缓解心肌氧化损伤的功效,利用过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导的H9c2大鼠心肌细胞建立体外心肌氧化损伤模型,利用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)检测细胞存活率,试剂盒检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA),流式细胞术检测活性氧(ROS)和细胞凋亡,Western Blot法检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白.结果表明：与对照组(Con)比较,H2O2能够使细胞存活率显著下降(P<0.001);与H2O2诱导组(模型组,Mod)比较,6.25 μg/mL人参多糖预防治疗24 h将细胞存活率由(57.47±5.08)%提高到(85.65±4.28)%(P<0.001),说明人参多糖能够对抗H2O2诱导的细胞毒性作用.流式细胞术DCFH-DA染色结果显示：与Con组比较,H2O2显著升高细胞ROS水平;而人参多糖预防治疗24 h后细胞ROS水平降低,提示人参多糖能够抑制H2O2诱导的H9c2细胞活性氧水平升高,并通过降低MDA含量及提高SOD活性缓解氧化应激损伤.同时,人参多糖可通过增加H2O2诱导损伤引起的Bcl-2/Bax比值,降低凋亡相关蛋白表达来缓解氧化应激导致的细胞凋亡.总之,人参多糖通过抑制ROS水平和细胞凋亡保护心肌细胞氧化应激损伤,为阐述人参保护心脏功效机制及产品研发提供了实验依据.     

脂多糖诱导成年大鼠心室肌细胞线粒体融合-分裂动力失衡模型的构建

目的:探讨脂多糖(LPS)在体外诱导成年大鼠心室肌细胞线粒体融合-分裂动力失衡模型的构建方法.方法:Sprague-Dawley大鼠异氟烷麻醉后胸部正中切口取出心脏并连接于心脏灌流装置,用II型胶原酶(质量浓度为0. 3 mg/mL)沿升主动脉逆行灌注消化分离心肌细胞,心肌细胞终止消化并复钙后进行逐级沉淀,加入M199(medium 199)培养基进行培养.对照组采用M199培养基培养,模型组用含有不同质量浓度的LPS(10～1 000ng/mL)培养.用免疫荧光染色方法标记心室肌细胞肌钙蛋白来观察心肌细胞的形态结构,并用不同质量浓度的LPS刺激心肌细胞,TUNEL法和Annexin V/PI双染法检测心肌细胞凋亡情况,免疫荧光法测定心肌细胞中caspase-3和caspase-9的活性,Western blotting法测定心肌细胞Bax、Bcl-2、细胞色素c(Cyt c)和线粒体融合蛋白1(Mfn1)、线粒体融合蛋白2(Mfn2)和视神经萎缩蛋白1 (OPA1)以及线粒体分裂蛋白1 (Fis1)和线粒体动力蛋白1(Drp1)的含量.结果:免疫荧光染色显示培养的为长杆状存活的心肌细胞.与对照组相比,LPS诱导心肌细胞24 h,心肌细胞凋亡阳性细胞数和caspase-3和caspase-9活性较对照组显著增高; LPS组心肌细胞线粒体中促凋亡蛋白Bax及胞浆中Cyt c显著增高,而胞浆中抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2显著降低;线粒体融合蛋白Mfn1、Mfn2和OPA1含量明显减少,而线粒体分裂蛋白Drp1和Fis1显著增多.结论:质量浓度为10 ng/mL的LPS可以显著诱导体外培养成年大鼠心室肌细胞线粒体融合-分裂动力失衡模型的建立.     

补骨脂酚对阿霉素心肌细胞损伤的保护作用及机制研究

探究补骨脂提取物补骨脂酚(Bakuchiol,BAK)是否可以减轻ADR引起的心肌细胞损伤及其作用机制。首先建立损伤合适的H9c2心肌细胞ADR损伤模型,采用不同浓度BAK处理,观察其对心肌细胞ADR损伤是否有保护作用并筛选最佳保护浓度。检测的指标包括:细胞活力、凋亡率、活性氧(ROS)含量以及培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平,并用Western blot检测AMPK/PGC1α通路相关分子表达情况,初步明确该通路在BAK抗ADR心肌损伤中的作用。ADR可显著降低H9c2细胞的活力,并呈浓度依赖性,当浓度为2μM时损伤明显,用于进一步研究。BAK对H9c2细胞有明确的保护作用,当其浓度为1. 25μM时效果最佳,具体表现为:细胞活力增加、凋亡率下降、ROS含量下降以及培养液中LDH水平下降。Western结果显示,BAK可以逆转ADR下调的p-AMPK和PGC1-α蛋白表达。BAK可显著减轻ARD引起的H9c2心肌细胞损伤,其作用跟激活AMPK/PGC1α信号通路有关。     

熊果酸对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的H9c2细胞的保护作用（英文）

为研究熊果酸(UA)对H9c2细胞心肌缺血/再灌注的影响,将细胞分为对照组、心肌缺血再灌注组(I/R)、熊果酸组(10,20,40μmol·L~(-1))和尼莫地平阳性对照组(5μmol·L~(-1)).在细胞缺氧和复氧之前给药6h后,经CCK-8检测细胞的增殖能力,采用流式细胞术检测钙离子(Ca2+)摩尔浓度、活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的产生及细胞凋亡情况.结果发现,UA对心肌缺血/再灌注细胞损伤的细胞具有明显的保护作用,其主要通过抑制细胞中细胞因子和趋化因子的释放,进而抑制I/R受损细胞的凋亡.蛋白质免疫印迹实验结果显示,与I/R组相比,UA能够显著诱导细胞中SLC8A2,RyR1,RyR2及Bcl-2的表达,抑制剪切型Caspase-3,Cyt-c,p-ERK1/2和p-p38蛋白的表达,且随着UA浓度升高趋势愈明显,表明UA对H9c2细胞的I/R损伤的保护作用具有浓度依赖性.UA促进细胞增殖和对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的H9c2细胞保护作用可能与细胞中Ca2+摩尔浓度及ROS值降低有关,其主要机制可能通过ERK1/2和p-38信号通路介导.该研究能为UA保护H9c2细胞免受I/R损伤提供依据.     

2-丁亚砜-1,4-萘醌诱导人恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞凋亡及其机制

目的:探究2-丁亚砜-1,4-萘醌(BSNQ)对人恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞的诱导凋亡作用,阐明其诱导凋亡的机制.方法:MTT比色法检测BSNQ对人黑色素瘤A375细胞的杀伤作用.Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法与流式细胞术检测BSNQ对人黑色素瘤A375细胞的诱导凋亡作用.Western blotting法检测Akt信号通路相关蛋白的表达情况.流式细胞术检测BSNQ对A375细胞内ROS的调控作用.结果:BSNQ处理A375细胞其存活率逐渐降低.BSNQ能够显著诱导A375细胞发生凋亡.抗凋亡蛋白p-Akt和Bcl-2表达量逐渐降低,pro-caspase-3表达量逐渐降低,促凋亡蛋白Bad和cleaved-caspase-3表达量逐渐升高(P0.05).BSNQ能够显著增加细胞内ROS水平.同时,BSNQ与NAC共同处理后,能够显著降低BSNQ诱导的细胞凋亡程度.结论:BSNQ通过上调细胞内ROS水平,下调Akt信号通路的活性,诱导人黑色素瘤A375细胞凋亡.     

SO_2诱导拟南芥保卫细胞凋亡

以拟南芥叶片下表皮为材料,研究了SO_2体内衍生物-亚硫酸钠和亚硫酸氢钠混合液(3:1,mmol·L~(-1)/mmol·L~(-1))对气孔保卫细胞的致死效应.结果表明,浓度1.0～5.0 mmol·L~(-1)的SO_2衍生物处理表皮3 h可引起保卫细胞死亡,死细胞出现核固缩、核断裂、凋亡小体等典型的核凋亡特征,且胁迫组细胞内活性氧和钙离子水平升高.蛋白酶抑制剂Z-Asp-CH_2-DCB和TLCK能减少SO_2衍生物诱导的细胞凋亡;过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸(AsA),及Ca~(2+)螯合剂乙二醇双四乙酸(EGTA)和Ca~(2+)通道抑制剂LaCl_3均可使SO_2衍生物诱发的细胞死亡率降低.0.1 mmol·L~(-1)的AsA或EGTA能降低胁迫组胞内的活性氧和Ca~(2+)水平,与死亡率降低相伴发生.以上结果表明,一定浓度的SO_2可诱导拟南芥保卫细胞凋亡,胁迫可能通过诱导活性氧产生、胞外钙内流,造成胞内Ca~(2+)浓度升高,引发细胞程序性死亡.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that