喀斯特生境中白鹇的活动节律、时间分配及集群行为

2012年8月至2013年10月,在广西弄岗国家级自然保护区15 hm~2森林大样地及其周边地区布设35台红外相机,在12 427个相机工作日中共获得白鹇有效照片495张(组),独立有效照片381张(组)。采用日活动强度指数、日行为频次比例和月行为频次比例来分析白鹇的活动规律和时间分配,同时统计白鹇的集群情况,结果表明:(1)白鹇每日有4个活动高峰期,且雌性白鹇的活动高峰期比雄性早1～2 h;(2)白鹇的主要行为是移动和觅食,分别占总行为频次的51.33%和37.20%,其余4种行为分别为警戒6.29%、对抗2.10%、休息1.68%、梳理1.40%,雌雄白鹇间在移动(t=2.266,df=28,P=0.038)和警戒(Z=-2.270,N=30,P=0.023)这2种行为上存在显著性差异;(3)仅雄性白鹇在旱季的觅食行为比例显著高于雨季(t=0.252,df=13,P=0.026),而其他行为频次比例无显著的季节性差异;(4)白鹇集群群体的个体数量为2～6只,其中2～3只比例最大,占95.06%;(5)白鹇有雌性集群、雄性集群及混合集群3种方式,在雨季以单性集群(尤其是雌性集群)为主,而在旱季则以混合集群为主,存在显著差异(SymbolcA@~2=6.984,df=1,P=0.008)。白鹇表现出来的活动节律、时间分配以及集群行为是对喀斯特石山栖息地的一种行为适应和生存策略。     

广西猕猴分布数量及其保护

采用访问和实地调查法对广西野生猕猴分布及种群进行研究.结果表明:猕猴分布于51个县(区),种群大小约17 390(Std=446.6)只.西部及西南部喀斯特石山森林是猕猴的主要分布区,其种群大小与石山面积呈显著相关(p相似文献   

指数型丢番图方程x4-1=2ynz

研究了指数型丢番图方程x4-1=2ynz(n为正奇数)的非负整数解,证明了(1)x为偶数时仅有平凡解x=2m,y=0,z=1,n=16m4-1;(2)z为偶数时无解;(3)x为奇数且z=1时仅有解为x=2y-2n0±1,y≥4,z=1,n=n0(2y-3n0±1)[2y-2n0(2y-3n0±1)+1],其中n0为正奇数;(4)(y-2,z)≥3或(y-3,z)≥3时无解;(5)n为奇素数时仅有唯一解x=3,y=4,z=1,n=5.     

镧与8-羟基喹啉水杨酸配合物的热化学研究

目的:由七水氯化镧与水杨酸、8-羟基喹啉反应合成多元混合配合物,并测定该合成反应的标准摩尔反应焓以及配合物的标准摩尔生成焓。方法:应用溶解量热法分别测定了七水氯化镧、水杨酸、8-羟基喹啉和配合物在298.15 K、混合量热溶剂(VDMF:VEtOH:VHClO4=1:1:0.5)中的标准摩尔溶解焓。通过设计热化学循环,根据盖斯定律计算了合成反应的标准摩尔反应焓以及配合物的标准摩尔生成焓。结果:该配合物的化学式是La(C7H5O3)2?(C9H6NO)。各物质的溶解焓分别为△sH mΘ[LaCl3?7H2O(s),298.15 K]=-96.45±0.18 kJ·mol-1,△sH mΘ[2 C7H6O3(s),298.15 K]=14.99±0.17 kJ?mol-1,△sH mΘ[C9H7NO(s),298.15 K]=-3.86±0.06 kJ?mol-1及?sH mΘ[La(C7H5O3)2·(C9H6NO)(s),298.15 K]=-117.78±0.11 kJvmol-1。反应LaCl3?7H2O(s)+2C7H6O3(s)+C9H7NO(s)=La(C7H5O3)2·(C9H6NO)(s)+3HCl(g)+7H2O(l)的标准摩尔反应焓为91.57±0.33 kJ·mol-1。La(C7H5O3)2?(C9H7NO)(s)的标准摩尔生成焓为△fHmΘ[La(C7H5O3)2·(C9H6NO)(s),298.15 K]=-2076.5±3.9 kJ·mol-1。     

斑鳢人工繁殖的初步研究

在闽南地区 4月底 ,试验雌斑鳢体重为 (375 .8± 118.6 0 )g ,性腺发育已进入Ⅳ期 ,其卵巢重为 (2 0 .4± 9.4 9)g、成熟系数为 (5 .2 3± 1.17) %、绝对怀卵量为 (116 4 3.33± 6 2 36 .98)粒、相对怀卵量为 (2 9.0 7± 7.37)粒 ,成熟卵粒卵径 1.4～ 1.5mm .在水温2 4℃～ 2 7℃条件下 ,采用LRH -A3+HCG二次注射催熟催产 ,效应时间 2 2～ 6 8h ,自然产卵或人工授精 ,获卵量 2 90 0 0粒 ,受精率 32 %～ 98% ,静水或充气孵化 ,孵化时间 38～ 4 2h ,孵化率 0 .4 %～ 13.18% ,孵出仔鱼 2 4 5 8尾     

从脐血单个核细胞诱导树突状细胞

探讨了从脐血单个核细胞定向诱导 DC的方法以进一步研究树突状细胞的功能与特性。从脐血中获取单个核细胞 ,在培养液中加入 GM- CSF、TNF- α、IL- 3、IL- 4,培养 1 4d后流式细胞仪分析细胞表面标志 CD1 a;培养末期加入 LPS,流式细胞仪分析细胞表面标志 CD83及 HLA- DR。发现用 GM- CSF+TNF-α+IL - 4可获得 ( 3 6 .79± 3 .1 5 ) % CD1 a+ 细胞 ,LPS可使 CD83及 HLA- DR的比例从 ( 0 .5 7± 0 .5 6 ) %及 ( 40 .2 7± 6 .3 3 ) %分别升至 ( 3 2 .79± 1 2 .90 ) %及 ( 95 .5 2± 3 .45 ) %。实验证明脐血单个核细胞作为另一种主要来源 ,经特定细胞因子诱导可生成大量 DC,并能通过 LPS刺激 DC成熟     

足月新生儿微量血胆红素的测定及其临床应用

目的 :(1)制定清远地区足月新生儿不同日龄 (1～ 10d)的微量血胆红素动态变化值 ;(2 )探讨黄疸的临床分度与微量血胆红素测定值的相关性。方法 :5 0 0例正常足月新生儿为A组 ,于出生后第 1～ 10d ,每天同一时间测定微量血胆红素一次 ;2 0 0例黄疸组为B组 ,于出生后第 3～ 7d每天测一次微量血胆红素 ,由专人用双盲法对黄疸进行分度 ,分别计算出相应胆红素 (SB)均值及标准差。结果 :(1)正常足月新生儿生后第 2～ 3d开始出现黄疸 ,第 5～ 6d达高峰 ,平均峰值为(2 12 2 5± 5 7) μmol/L ,第 10d下降至 (171 4 5± 2 8 8) μmol/L ,男女性别无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。(2 )临床判断无、轻度、中度、重度黄疸所对应的胆红素分别为 (12 8 2 5± 33 6 0 )、(2 0 2 35± 4 3 0 5 )、(2 6 3 70± 6 4 2 0 )、(2 95 5 0± 5 1 90 ) μmol/L。 结论 :正常足月新生儿黄疸出现的时间与国内外其他报道相似 ,但其生理性黄疸的诊断标准略高于传统标准。当胆红素大于相应的 x±s、 x± 2s或临床诊断为中度、重度黄疸 ,则应给予适当治疗。     

经尿道等离子体电汽化切除术治疗高危型前列腺增生43例

目的:探讨经尿道等离子体电汽化切除术对高危型前列腺增生患者的疗效和安全性。方法:采用等离子体电汽化切除术治疗4 3例高危型前列腺增生患者,并对这些患者的术前、术中及术后一系列生理、生化指标进行记录比较。结果:手术时间为(48 2±19 2 )min ,术中出血量为(36±6 8)mL ,术后膀胱冲洗时间为(16 3±8 5 )h ,拔除尿管天数为(3 1±1 3)d ,无明显电解质及血糖波动,术后住院时间为(5 5±2 6 )d ;国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)从30 9±3 2下降到7 3±3 2 ,最大尿流率(Qmax)从(3 7±3 2 )mL·s- 1上升到(2 0 5±4 3)mL·s- 1;生活质量评分(QOL)从5 1±0 6下降到1 4±0 8,未发生严重的并发症。结论:经尿道前列腺等离子体电汽化切除术对高龄高危型患者安全性高、并发症少、疗效好,但需要进一步积累经验     

从脐血单个核细胞定向诱导巨核细胞的生成

采用 SCF、TPO、IL- 3、IL- 6、IL- 1细胞因子 ,从脐血单个核细胞定向诱导巨核细胞的形成。比较了 SCF+ TPO+ IL- 1、SCF+ TPO+ IL- 3、SCF+ TPO+ IL- 63种细胞因子组合对刺激巨核细胞生成的作用 ,经体外培养 8d后 ,CD41 + 细胞占培养物的比例分别达到 ( 5 .64± 0 .77) %、( 5 .73± 1 .2 4 ) %和 ( 2 0 .1± 2 .5 3) % ;每 1 0 4个细胞可形成巨核祖细胞集落形成单位 ( CFU- MK)为( 1 3.7± 5 .7)个、( 1 5 .0± 3.6)个和 ( 93.7± 1 6.0 )个。在 SCF+ TPO+ IL- 6体系中增加 IL- 6的浓度 ,可提高培养液中 CD41 + 细胞的纯度。当 IL- 6的浓度从 1 0μg/L增加到 5 0μg/L时 ,CD41 + 细胞的比例可从 ( 2 0 .1± 2 .5 3) %提高到 ( 2 6.81± 3.2 0 ) % ,但每 1 0 4个细胞形成 CFU- MK数目却从( 93.7± 1 6.0 )个减少到 ( 4 5± 8.6)个 ;这说明 IL- 6对巨核细胞的刺激主要作用在其发育的后期。采用 SCF+ TPO+ IL- 3+ IL - 6细胞因子组合 ,由 1× 1 0 6个单个核细胞培养一周后可诱导出 ( 1 .61±0 .5 8)× 1 0 5个 CD41 + 细胞 ,占培养物的比例可达到 ( 1 8.8± 1 .64) % ,每 1 0 4个细胞形成 CFU- MK数目可达到 ( 1 2 1 .8± 1 0 .3)个。这一结果为进一步体外大量扩增巨核细胞提供了基础     

运动对大鼠血清光透射规律影响的实验研究

研究了不同的大鼠血清样品对400~800nm波长光的透射规律,结果表明:(1)在同一血清采集方式下,不同运动强度的大鼠血清对光的透射规律相似;(2)三种运动强度的大鼠血清在413.4±1.0,538.6±1.6,576.0±0.2nm出现了明显的吸收;(3)同一运动强度,不同血清采集方式的大鼠血清对光的透射规律明显不同.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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