固相萃取-超高压液相色谱-串联质谱法分析海水中9种磺胺类抗生素

应用固相萃取及液相色谱-质谱联用技术,建立了海水中9种磺胺类抗生素的分析方法.海水样品经HLB固相萃取柱富集、净化后用甲醇洗脱浓缩定容,利用超高压液相色谱-串联质谱仪多反应监测(MRM)离子模式对目标物进行定性、定量分析.9种磺胺测定的线性范围为0.2～1 000 μg/L,方法检测限在0.2～0.4 ng/L之间(S/N=10,1 000倍浓缩).以海水为基底,磺胺甲基嘧啶为替代物,加标浓度分别为5.0 ng/L和20.0 ng/L时,9种磺胺的回收率在86.4%～150.4%之间,相对标准偏差0.5%～8.4%(n＝4),方法成功应用于厦门近岸海域海水样品中抗生素残留的分析.     

河水中酰胺醇类抗生素的分析测定

建立了河水中3种酰胺醇类抗生素氯霉素、甲砜霉素和氟甲砜霉素的分析方法.利用HLB固相萃取柱进行水样的富集、净化,超高压液相色谱-串联质谱仪多反应监测离子模式进行定性、定量分析.工作曲线的线性范围为1～1000μg/L,3种目标物的方法检测限为1 ng/L（S/N=10,1 000倍浓缩）;加标浓度分别为5.0、20.0和100 ng/L时的回收率为52.1%～77.5%,相对标准偏差1.9%～8.5%（n=4）.方法初步应用于福建省九龙江下游河水样品的分析.     

河水中酰胺醇类抗生素的分析测定

建立了河水中3种酰胺醇类抗生素氯霉素、甲砜霉素和氟甲砜霉素的分析方法.利用HLB固相萃取柱进行水样的富集、净化,超高压液相色谱-串联质谱仪多反应监测离子模式进行定性、定量分析.工作曲线的线性范围为1～1 000 μg/L,3种目标物的方法检测限为1 ng/L(S/N=10,1 000倍浓缩);加标浓度分别为5.0、20.0和100 ng/L时的回收率为52.1%～77.5%,相对标准偏差1.9%～8.5%(n＝4).方法初步应用于福建省九龙江下游河水样品的分析.     

基质固相分散-牛奶、蜂蜜中喹诺酮的多残留分析

以C18为基质固相分散剂,采用基质固相分散技术进行样品前处理,建立了基质固相萃取-液相色谱法分析牛奶和蜂蜜中4种氟喹诺酮的方法,并对基质固相萃取条件和色谱分离条件进行了探讨和优化.在2.5 ng/g和10.0 ng/g 添加水平,4种氟喹诺酮类药物的平均加标回收率为81.9%～111.6%,相对标准偏差<7%.检出限为 0.05 μg/L.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析环境水样中5种酚类化合物

结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS),建立了用固相萃取技术富集环境水中5种酚类化合物(双酚F、双酚S、双酚A、辛基酚和壬基酚)的分析方法。样品中目标物经亲油亲水平衡（HLB）固相萃取柱富集,使用二氯甲烷/乙腈梯度洗脱。样品经C18色谱柱分离,采用高效液相色谱-负离子-电喷雾(ESI)串联质谱,多反应监测模式(MRM),外标法定量分析。5种双酚类化合物的线性范围为1~500 ng/L,方法检出限为0.05～0.15 ng/L,线性相关系数为0.998 7～0.999 7,精密度在2.54%～7.88%,三个水平的回收率在89.40%～104.2%,并应用4种不同类型环境水样成功进行分析。该方法可以同时测定环境水样中5种双酚类化合物,方法准确可靠、灵敏度高。     

基于萃取和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法的贝类抗生素快速测定方法

建立一种简单、快速的超声波萃取–固相萃取净化–超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析方法, 可以同时测定淡水贝类软组织中磺胺类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、β-内酰胺类和氨基糖苷类中15种抗生素。采取超声波萃取法, 对贝类体内的抗生素进行萃取, 用固相萃取方法净化提取液, 最后用超高效液相色谱–三重四级杆质谱对目标物进行分析检测。主要比较两种固相萃取柱Oasis HLB和Oasis PRiME HLB对污染物的净化效率, 后者展现出较好的结果。15种抗生素加标回收率实验结果表明: 当加标浓度为50 ng/g时, 回收率为64%~121%, 相对标准偏差为0.5%~19% (n=3); 添加高浓度(100 ng/g)样品时, 回收率为67%~117%, 相对标准偏差为1%~9%(n=3)。方法检测限(LOD)为0.004~0.5 ng/g (干重), 定量限(LOQ)为0.013~1.67 ng/g (干重)。该方法具有回收率高、检测限低的特点。使用该方法对鄱阳湖3个采样点三角帆蚌中的抗生素进行分析, 结果显示, 在15种抗生素中, 有9种均不同程度地检出, 检出频率和浓度最高的是甲氧苄胺嘧啶, 最高浓度达到78.8 ng/g, 其次是奇霉素(41.2 ng/g)和环丙沙星(39.8 ng/g)。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对水环境中12种抗生素的检测

利用固相萃取(solid phase extraction,SPE)及液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)联用技术,建立了水体中痕量磺胺类、β-内酰胺类、四环素类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类等12种抗生素的定量分析方法.水样中的12种抗生素通过亲水疏水平衡(hydrophile lipophilic balance,HLB)小柱的萃取富集后,以乙腈为有机相、0.2%甲酸和醋酸铵混合水溶液为水相,采用LC-MS/MS进行定量分析.抗生素采用电喷雾电离(electrospray ionization,ESI)源多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式,以~(13)C3-caffeine作为内标物进行定量检测.抗生素在河水中的方法定量限为0.004 83~4.805 00 ng/L,回收率为71%～90%.该方法被应用于分析南陈河(上海)中抗生素的含量,平均质量浓度为2.04～254.46 ng/L.     

海水中有机锡含量测定方法研究

建立了氢化物发生-顶空固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱-火焰光度检测器联用技术测定海水中有机锡化合物含量的方法.样品经NaBH4衍生化后,采用顶空固相微萃取装置萃取,再用毛细管气相色谱-火焰光度法测定.氯化三丁基锡的线性范围为40～200 ng/L,相关系数为0.986 8.在100,140,200ng/L 3个添加水平下,...     

微波辅助酶解-超高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法快速检测尿液中的1-羟基芘

 利用微波辅助酶解结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法,建立了人体尿液中1-羟基芘的快速检测方法.通过对比酶解与碱解、恒温水浴酶解与微波辅助酶解、液液萃取与固相萃取等前处理方法对1-羟基芘检测的影响,最终采用微波辅助酶解、固相萃取作为样品检测的前处理方法.考察了基质效应,对比了纯溶剂与空白尿液配标准溶液2种不同的标准溶液配制方法,最终选用空白尿液来配制.方法的标准曲线方程为y=1.24107x-0.130042,相关系数为0.9972,样品回收率在88.6%～97.1%之间,相对标准偏差在2.7%～12.6%之间,日内精密度为6.1%,日间精密度为6.2%,方法检测限为0.08ng/mL,定量限为0.28ng/mL.     

微波辅助酶解-超高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法快速检测尿液中的1-羟基芘

利用微波辅助酶解结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法,建立了人体尿液中1-羟基芘的快速检测方法.通过对比酶解与碱解、恒温水浴酶解与微波辅助酶解、液液萃取与固相萃取等前处理方法对1-羟基芘检测的影响,最终采用微波辅助酶解、固相萃取作为样品检测的前处理方法.考察了基质效应,对比了纯溶剂与空白尿液配标准溶液2种不同的标准溶液配制方法,最终选用空白尿液来配制.方法的标准曲线方程为y=1.241 07x-0.130 042,相关系数为0.997 2,样品回收率在88.6%～97.1%之间,相对标准偏差在2.7%～12.6%之间,日内精密度为6.1%,日间精密度为6.2%,方法检测限为0.08 ng/mL,定量限为0.28 ng/mL.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with