大肠杆菌核苷磷酸化酶的重组表达和活性

将大肠杆菌K-12菌株来源的嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶、尿苷磷酸化酶和胸苷磷酸化酶基因分别克隆到pET-11a载体并转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）宿主菌表达,通过SDS-PAGE分析和酶的活性测定,重组菌诱导表达后目的蛋白的表达量占菌体总蛋白的37%以上,与产核苷磷酸化酶的野生菌比较,酶的活性也有显著提高。在特异反应条件下,构建的工程菌可以用来高效催化核苷的转糖基反应。     

大肠杆菌S12无细胞系统合成AgrA蛋白的研究

利用无细胞合成方法,对AgrA蛋白进行了生物体系外合成,且研究了不同反应温度和时间对蛋白合成的影响。结果表明,AgrA蛋白在无细胞系统中成功被合成,且30℃、4h条件下蛋白合成效果较好。     

大肠杆菌K5多糖生物合成条件的优化

采用Plackett-Burman实验、正交试验设计方法对K5多糖的生物合成条件进行优化.然后,在摇瓶及5L发酵罐中进行K5多糖发酵过程研究.结果表明:最佳培养基组成为麦芽糖20 g/L,蛋白胨15 g/L,MnCl4·4H2O0.1 g/L,MgSO4 ·7H2O 2.0g/L,KH2PO4 2.0 g/L,K2HPO4 9.7 g/L,脱水枸橼酸钠0.5 g/L;250 mL摇瓶最佳装液量为15 mL.优化后5L发酵罐中K5多糖的质量浓度为1.8 g/L,较优化前的0.3 g/L提高了5倍.     

大肠杆菌K12碱性磷酸酶基因的克隆表达

大肠杆菌碱性磷酸酶是同二聚体金属酶，被phoA基因编码．采用PCR方法从大肠杆菌K12中扩增到碱性磷酸酶基因（phoA）．用限制性内切酶BamHI和HindⅢ将片段插入克隆载体pETBlue-2．该基因被重组、转化后在大肠杆菌中经IPTG诱导表达，而后进行SDS-PAGE检测及紫外吸收分析测OD410．克隆得到了phoA基因并实现了蛋白表达，碱性磷酸酶的活性提高了18，3倍，为进行组织化学、免疫印迹、突变分析等工作打下了坚实的基础．     

Structure of the Escherichia coli ribosomal termination complex with release factor 2

Termination of protein synthesis occurs when the messenger RNA presents a stop codon in the ribosomal aminoacyl (A) site. Class I release factor proteins (RF1 or RF2) are believed to recognize stop codons via tripeptide motifs, leading to release of the completed polypeptide chain from its covalent attachment to transfer RNA in the ribosomal peptidyl (P) site. Class I RFs possess a conserved GGQ amino-acid motif that is thought to be involved directly in protein-transfer-RNA bond hydrolysis. Crystal structures of bacterial and eukaryotic class I RFs have been determined, but the mechanism of stop codon recognition and peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis remains unclear. Here we present the structure of the Escherichia coli ribosome in a post-termination complex with RF2, obtained by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Fitting the known 70S and RF2 structures into the electron density map reveals that RF2 adopts a different conformation on the ribosome when compared with the crystal structure of the isolated protein. The amino-terminal helical domain of RF2 contacts the factor-binding site of the ribosome, the 'SPF' loop of the protein is situated close to the mRNA, and the GGQ-containing domain of RF2 interacts with the peptidyl-transferase centre (PTC). By connecting the ribosomal decoding centre with the PTC, RF2 functionally mimics a tRNA molecule in the A site. Translational termination in eukaryotes is likely to be based on a similar mechanism.