0东秦岭松树沟蛇绿橄榄岩结构构造及其组构特征

东秦岭松树沟蛇绿岩的橄榄岩结构构造及组构研究表明，该蛇绿橄榄岩主要经历了３期塑性变形的叠加改造，分别为洋盆扩张阶段以动态重结晶作用为主特征的塑变形、蛇绿橄榄岩块底辟侵位于上覆玄武岩过程中的高温塑性变形和蛇绿岩构造侵位过程中的低温塑性变形，反映了其特征的构造演化过程。     

冀东遵化新太古代蛇绿混杂岩带岩石学与构造特征——古板块构造运动的证据

在遵化北部,有大量的基性岩超基性岩构造透镜体,包括变质辉绿岩（斜长角闪岩）、层状辉长岩、堆积杂岩、地幔橄榄岩等散布在新太古代片麻岩中。这些岩石组合与现代蛇绿岩套一致,和强烈剪切变形的片麻岩一起构成典型的蛇绿岩混杂岩。蛇绿岩套中的豆荚状铬铁矿提供了中国存在新太古代蛇绿岩的确切证据。遵化新太古代蛇绿混杂岩带的发现,证明25亿年以前板块构造运动已经出现。     

阿拉善北部恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩的形成机制

恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩是化北板块与塔里木板块缝合的标志，研究结果表明蛇绿岩可分为上俯冲带型（ＳＳＺ））和洋脊型（ＭＯＲＢ）两类，混杂岩中部分砂岩源自塔里木被动大陆边缘，部分源自与ＳＳＺ相关的构造环境和南侧的沙拉扎山火山弧，蛇绿岩形成侵位经历了三个阶段，在古壳俯冲作用之前，“弧”前拉张作用形成了ＭＯＲＢ型蛇绿岩，古洋壳向南俯冲的早期阶段形成了ＳＳＺ型蛇绿岩和在洋壳冲闭合期间，蛇绿岩发生拆离并向北仰冲侵     

新太古代大洋岩石圈地幔的显微变形探讨——以遵化蛇绿混杂岩带为例

遵化新太古代蛇绿混杂岩中的地幔岩显微构造以粗粒镶嵌构造为主,矿物颗粒多以弧形边界紧密镶嵌,部分岩石出现粒间熔体.橄榄石出现残斑构造、动态重结晶和拉长变形,铬铁矿出现典型的高温拉分构造,表现出活跃的动态恢复、粒间滑移和扩散蠕变,显示出大洋上地幔高温条件下塑性流变的特征,是大洋板块侧向扩张的深部表现.遵化蛇绿岩的地幔岩除了具有强烈的构造变形之外,部分豆荚状铬铁矿保留有豆状、豆壳状等岩浆结构和构造,并且有未变形的纯橄岩和辉石岩侵入,说明位于一个岩浆较强烈活动的位置.高温塑性侧向剪切变形和强烈的岩浆活动表明遵化蛇绿岩形成于快速扩张的洋脊,类似阿曼蛇绿岩.遵化蛇绿岩的围岩出现石英条带、核幔构造、动态重结晶和云母鱼等显微构造变形,对应着蛇绿岩侵位到陆壳之后,从中部地壳向上地壳抬升的构造运动过程.     

广西龙胜元古代二种不同成因蛇绿岩岩石地球化学及侵位方式研究

研究表明:蛇绿岩分布于中国东南部江南元古代东安——雪峰期古岛弧褶皱系西端东南缘桂北龙胜一带。呈北东——南西向带状延伸。通过对蛇绿岩常量元素岩石化学特征进行研究,表明龙胜存在代表洋壳碎片的蛇绿岩套与岛弧成因的蛇绿岩组成的一种复合成因蛇绿混杂岩。微量元素(Zr、Cr,Ti、Sr、Ni等)及稀土元素地球化学特征研究同样得到进一步验证。龙胜一带为元古代雪峰期海沟岛弧系。由于大洋板块从龙胜南东大洋一侧向北西运移,并与古扬子大陆板块碰撞俯冲。代表洋壳碎片的蛇绿岩次生构造定位于消减带上,岛弧成因蛇绿岩则由于洋壳物质潜入于上地幔发生部分分熔再生上升侵位形成。龙胜蛇绿混杂岩从北西向南东分布着三门、龙胜二个次一级的楔状蛇绿岩带,即当时至少有过二次板块俯冲增生作用。这一作用从北西向南东逐渐迁移,反映了中国东南部大陆地壳从北西向南东逐渐迁移、增生的演化特征。     

西藏蛇绿混杂岩中铬铁矿重砂矿物特征及找矿方向点滴

西藏蛇绿混杂岩中的铬铁矿自然重砂矿物主要有铬铁矿和铬的各类尖晶石,其自然重砂异常主要产于蛇绿混杂岩（超基性岩）中。根据铬铁矿自然重砂的分布特征,其异常主要成群分布于南北两个蛇绿岩混杂岩带中,与超基性岩及铬铁矿矿产地分布高度一致,以此作为线索,通过铬铁矿自然重砂异常分布特征,作为寻找铬铁矿的一种找矿信息。     

东秦岭蛇绿岩的形成时代和构造环境

东秦岭蛇绿岩带位于华北地块和扬子地块之间的秦岭早古生代造山带的古岛弧上,层序从底到顶为变质晕,变质橄榄岩,堆晶杂岩,镁铁质火山岩,硅质岩。变质橄榄岩富铬镍,贫铝碱,是上地幔部分熔融的残留体。堆晶杂岩富铁,表明岩浆分离结晶作用程度较高。蛇绿岩形成于华北地块和秦岭岛弧之间的边缘海或小洋盆的环境,时代可能是早志留世,在早古生代末期发生构造侵位,经过卸冲作用,由北向南被推覆到古岛弧之上。     

狮泉河蛇绿混杂岩带早侏罗世辉长岩锆石年代学及地质意义

西藏狮泉河-申扎-嘉黎蛇绿混杂岩带紧邻班公湖-怒江蛇绿混杂岩带南侧,出露有较为完整的蛇绿岩岩石组合。嘎铃辉长岩出露于拉梅拉山口地区,野外实测剖面显示其具有明显的混杂增生特征。样品富集Ba、U、K、Pb、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、P等高场强元素,稀土配分模式属于轻稀土元素弱亏损的总体平坦型,判断其可能形成于俯冲背景下的弧后裂谷环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(189±1)Ma。结合区域构造背景,认为狮泉河蛇绿岩代表的特提斯洋可能是一个早侏罗世开始俯冲,早白垩世闭合的具有独立演化历程的局限性洋盆。     

西藏朗县蛇绿混杂岩的地球化学特征及地质意义

在岩石学研究的基础上,对西藏东南部朗县蛇绿混杂岩的岩石地球化学进行了系统研究.朗县蛇绿混杂岩的变质橄榄岩和变辉绿岩具有低Na2O+K2O,且Na2OK2O,低P2O5以及MgO和TiO2变化较大等特点;稀土配分模式为轻稀土略微亏损或富集的平坦型;大离子亲石元素Rb和Sr强烈亏损,高场强元素变化较大.变玄武岩的TiO2,P2O5与N-MORB十分接近;稀土配分模式为轻稀土略微亏损或富集的平坦型,拉索村和白露村-朗县附近地区玄武岩具有E-MORB特征,而里龙地区的玄武岩具有N-MORB特点;与典型的洋中脊玄武岩比较,大离子亲石元素和高场强元素的丰度值普遍偏高,拉索地区的大离子亲石元素比较接近N-MORB,里龙地区的高场强元素十分接近N-MORB.体现具有典型洋中脊玄武岩的特征但又不完全相同,微量元素分布形式非常类似于阿曼蛇绿岩的特征,表明朗县蛇绿混杂岩可能形成于大洋中脊到岛弧的过渡环境.     

新甘交界红柳河地区辉长质糜棱岩的确定及其意义

新甘交界处的红柳河蛇绿岩套中发育辉长质棱岩，辉石，斜长石具有良好的塑性变形特征，辉长质糜棱岩主要集中于蛇绿岩套的堆晶辉长岩单元内，可能是洋壳生成后不外下部不同层次间滑脱的产物。     

Microscopic deformation of the Neoarchean oceanic lithospheric mantle: evidence from the Zunhua Neoarchean ophiolitic mélange, North China Craton

The microstructures of the mantle tectonites in the Zunhua Neoarchean ophiolitic mélange are mainly coarse-mosaic structures with locally interstitial impregnated melts. Olivine and orthopyroxene occur as residual porphyroclastic blasts, dynamic recrystallization neoblasts or elongated to be tabular. The podiform chromitites are mostly strongly deformed with the development of pull-apart structure. These microstructures are typical high-temperature plastic deformation in oceanic upper mantle resulting from ocean-floor spreading. Besides the high-temperature plastic deformation, undeformed magmatic intrusions such as undeformed podiform chromitite, dunite and pyroxenite intrusions are also preserved in the mantle tectonite. Structures of high-temperature plastic deformation and intensive magmatic activity prove that the Zunhua ophiolite was formed under fast spreading oceanic ridge, similar to the Oman ophiolite. And the microstructures of country rocks, such as quartz ribbon, core and mantle structure, dynamic recrystallization and mica-fish stucture, etc., were formed during the uplift of ophiolitic mélange from the mid-crust to the upper-crust associated with continental collision.     

织物的膜理论

为了对织物膜结构和服装进行虚拟模拟，例如膜结构的张紧和褶皱以及服装的悬垂和屈曲，建立了编织物的膜理论．编织物的细观编织结构被引入了膜理论，织物的经线和纬线被选为曲线坐标轴，未变形的纱线作为Lagrangian坐标轴，变了形的纱线作为Eulerian坐标轴．在变形中考虑经线和纱线之间夹角．该理论被用于织物膜的张紧分析．数值结果表明，当应变e12达0．06时，由于纱线夹角的改变导致的应力增加占总应力的25％左右．     

Platinum-group elements for the mantle peridotites in the Dazhuka ophiolite, Tibet, China

The total PGE amounts of mantle peridotites in the Dazhuka ophiolite, Tibet, are 28.37—50.67 ng/g, slightly higher than those of mantle peridotites in the primitive mantle, and typical ophiolites in the world, and the Alps-type mantle peridotites. The PGE distribution patterns in the Dazhuka mantle peridotites are also different from those of the mantle peridotites of partial melting relict origin. The Dazhuka mantle peridotites have relatively high total PGE amounts and are enriched in Pt, Pd, and Ru. Their PGE distribution patterns belong to the positively inclined- or swallow-type patterns. The PGE distribution patterns in the mantle peridotites of partial melting relict origin belong to the negative-slope patterns or flat patterns. This reflects the unique features of the upper mantle in this region. Relative enrichment in Pt and Pd, as well as in the incompatible elements Cu, Au, Cs, Rb, Ba, Th, U and LREE, indicates that the partial melting-derived relict mantle peridotites in the Dazhuka ophiolite had experienced intensive permeating and mixing processes of the melt and fluid both containing abundant incompatible elements.     

Striped iron zoning of olivine induced by dislocation creep in deformed peridotites.

Deformation of solid materials affects not only their microstructures, but also their microchemistries. Although chemical unmixing of initially homogeneous multicomponent solids is known to occur during deformation by diffusion creep, there has been no report on their chemical zoning due to deformation by dislocation creep, in either natural samples or laboratory experiments. Here we report striped iron zoning of olivine ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4) in deformed peridotites, where the iron concentration increases at subgrain boundaries composed of edge dislocations. We infer that this zoning is probably formed by alignment of edge dislocations dragging a so-called Cottrell 'atmosphere' of solute atoms (iron in this case) into subgrain boundaries during deformation of the olivine by dislocation creep. We have found that the iron zoning does not develop in laboratory experiments of high strain rates where dislocations move too fast to drag the Cottrell atmosphere. This phenomenon might have important implications for the generation of deep-focus earthquakes, as transformation of olivine to high-pressure phases preferentially occurs in high-iron regions, and therefore along subgrain boundaries which would be preferentially aligned in plastically deformed mantle peridotites.     

Platinum-group elements for the Kudi ophiolite, western Kunlun

The analyses of PGE characteristics for the Kudi ophiolite, western Kunlun, are reported in this note. The Ir-depieted anomalous ancient upper mantle represented by the Kudi mantle peridotites had been percolated and mixed by remelted oceanic crust material from a supra-subduction zone, leaving the rocks relatively enriched in Pd. The PGE contents in the Kudi cumulate pyroxenites and gabbros vary from 2.4 to 23.94 ng/g, and the highest values are in pyroxenites. The Pd/lr ratios increase from the pyroxenites to the gabbros. The PGE patterns for the Kudi cumulate rocks are steeply positively sloped. The Pd enrichment in these rocks is similar to that in pyroxenites from the Thetford ophiolite and the Troodos ophiolite. The Kudi diabase and basalts have low PGE contents and positively sloped PGE patterns, and are comparable with the upper pillow lavas from the Troodos ophiolite, indicative of the environment of back-arc spreading center in a supra-subduction zone.     

铜射流侵彻后45~#钢穿孔处的微观组织分层研究

为了进一步了解金属动态塑性变形时的微观组织演化情况,该文对射流侵彻后钢靶的应变及温度变化进行了探讨。该文通过对铁素体宽度的测量,估算出侵彻孔壁附近钢的应变,由此可将侵彻后的钢分为动态超塑性变形层、大塑性变形层、小塑性变形层和基体。动态超塑性层的温度及晶粒度的计算结果得到了扫描电镜照片的证实。研究结果表明射流侵彻后钢靶的不同区域发生了不同类型的塑性变形,由此也引起了力学性能及微观结构的不同。     

Forming age and tectono-petrogenises of the Jiugequan ophiolite in the North Qilian Mountain, NW China

The Jiugequan ophiolite is one of the representative ophiolite fragments in the Early Paleozoic orogenic belt of the North Qilian Mountain. It has been drawn much attention and extensively studied in recent years. In this study, ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb dating was carried out for zircons from isotropic gabbro from the Jiugequan ophiolite. Eighteen analyses yield a relatively consistent apparent ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages from 480 to 508 Ma with a weighted mean age of 490±5 Ma (MSWD=1.06), which is believed to be the crystallization age of the gabbro and thus the forming age of the Jiugequan ophiolite. Major and trace element geochemical study indicates that the diabase-basalts from the Jiugequan ophiolite have N-MORB and E-MORB characteristics with some subduction-related signatures. The petrological, geochemical and chronological data enable us to conclude that the Jiugequan ophiolite is most likely to be formed at a spreading center of back-arc basin during the early Ordovician, while the ancient Qilian oceanic plate subducted northwards. The acquisition of forming age and determination of tectonic setting for Jiugequan ophiolite provide significant constraints on the evolution of intra-oceanic subduction system in the North Qilian orogenic belt during the Early Paleozoic era.     

机织物悬垂屈曲的数值模拟

开发虚拟服装试衣系统需模拟织物的悬垂和屈曲，而采用正交异性力学模型不适合织物．为此，笔者基于织物的细观力学模型，用有限元方法来模拟方形织物片铺在圆桌面上的悬垂和屈曲，该细观模型描述了织物由于其细观编织结构而特有的力学性质．织物片用8结点壳单元离散，这种壳单元被特别设计，能描述织物片在悬垂中发生的大转动．对织物片的屈曲模态进行了分析，对其后屈曲变形进行了计算，也进行了方形织物片的悬垂和屈曲实验．模拟结果和实验的观测结果很一致．该研究为虚拟服装试衣系统的开发奠定了基础．     

新疆富蕴扎河坝地区蛇绿岩带基本特征及大地构造意义

扎河坝地区蛇绿岩带属扎河坝—阿尔曼太蛇绿岩带之组成部分，主要由无序的蛇纹岩、变辉长岩、变辉绿岩及少量变质基性火山岩、硅质岩构成其主体。常见外来混杂岩块。据其组合特征可分为蛇绿岩、混杂岩两亚带。经初步研究认为：蛇绿岩为残留洋壳的一部分，其形成时代为奥陶纪—志留纪。加里东晚期洋壳发生转化，至泥盆纪发育一套中基性海相沟弧型火山岩组合。因此，该带及其北部至额尔齐斯带南缘地区，应为西伯利亚板块华力西增生带。