民族村寨乡村旅游开发与民族文化保护研究——以黔东南苗族侗族自治州肇兴侗寨为例

民族村寨旅游开发与民族文化保护是民族地区经济社会发展的重要课题。民族村寨旅游以民族文化为载体的旅游,保护好民族文化是民族村寨旅游可持续发展的前提,民族村寨旅游的健康持续发展既有利于民族文化的传承与发展,又有利于民族地区经济社会发展。文章从民族文化保护与旅游发展的基本理论出发设计相关的调查问卷,对全国最大的侗族村寨之一的肇兴侗寨进行实地问卷调查和深度访谈。分析了肇兴侗寨乡村旅游开发现状,并从建筑文化、语言文化、服饰文化、歌舞文化、精神文化等方面探讨了肇兴侗寨民族文化保护与传承现状及问题,在此基础上提出了相应对策。     

Oxygen isotope geochemistry of phosphorite and dolomite and palaeo-ocean temperature estimation: A case study from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, Guizhou Province,South China

The Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an in Guizhou Province of South China consists of phosphorites and dolomites.Three types of samples are recongnized for the phosphate-bearing rocks.In Type I samples, interstitial phosphates occur within the dolomite rocks, whereas in Type III samples, interstitial dolomites occur within the phosphorites; both of them may have diagenetic origin.The Type II samples are interbedded phosphorites and dolomites.Oxygen isotopic compositions of phosphate and coeval carbonate were analyzed.Phosphates of Type I and II samples show similar low δ18Ophos (SMOW) values of 10.9‰～12.1‰ and 10.7‰～12.8‰, respectively, whereas Type III phosphates show higher δ18Ophos (SMOW) values of 13.2‰～15.0‰.Dolomites from Type I and II samples have δ18Ocarb (PDB) and δ13Ccarb (PDB) values of -6.2‰～-3.4‰ and -2.2‰～-0.7‰, respectively, whereas interstitial dolomites from Type III samples show lower δ18Ocarb (PDB) and δ13Ccarb (PDB) values of -12.9‰～-8.6‰ and -4.4‰～-2.6‰.Petrology and oxygen isotope data suggest that diagenetic alteration may have partially affected the studied rocks, but the dolomites from Type I and phosphates from Type III samples represent the most pristine isotopic compositions of primary carbonates and phosphates precipitated from seawater.Calculations of palaeocean temperatures from the most 18O enriched dolomite and phosphate indicate a temperature range of 32.2 ℃ to 34.0 ℃ for the seawater of the Doushantuo Formation period.Ce anomaly also suggests more oxic conditions and possibly shallower water depth in the upper strata of the Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an, Guizhou Province.