国土空间生态效率评价研究

在总结生态效率评价研究成果的基础上，将生态系统服务价值作为重要生态因子纳入生态效率评价指标体系，同时基于主体功能区规划，选择四川省具有代表性的国土空间类型作为研究区，利用改进的指标体系结合超效率SBM模型，对四川省不同功能类型区域的生态效率值进行测算，得到以下结论:1）生态效率评价指标体系经改进后，其评价效果较好，能更加客观、真实地反映区域社会经济与资源环境间的关系及不同类型国土空间的生态效率差异；2）通过纳入生态系统服务价值，丰富了生态效率评价指标体系，为国土空间考核评价体系提供了优化思路；3）提出了针对不同主体功能类型的区域生态效率差异化提升路径，为推进国土空间差异化管理提供了理论依据.      

基于碳排放的新疆地区旅游业生态效率研究

旅游业生态效率是将整个旅游活动中所产生的资源消耗与经济效益2个不同维度指标有机结合起来，从新的视角评价旅游目的地的可持续发展水平。借鉴世界可持续发展理事会（WBCSD）生态效率计算模型，分析了近10年新疆地区的旅游生态效率，研究发现：新疆地区10年间的旅游业整体生态效率呈逐年改善的趋势，其中旅游交通的生态效率优化程度最大，旅游住宿的生态效率值改善程度次之，旅游活动的生态效率值呈逐年上升态势。新疆地区旅游业可持续发展的关键在于打造适合本地区生态环境的旅游产业链，充分挖掘本地区的文化特色。     

“双碳”约束下黄河下游生态效率测度与时空演变分析

黄河下游经济与生态的协调发展对于区域高质量发展至关重要，以黄河下游22个地级市为研究对象，选取2000年、2006年、2012年和2017年4年相关数据，将碳排放作为非期望产出，运用超效率SBM模型对黄河下游生态效率进行测度，同时从投入产出角度尝试探讨研究区生态效率损失的成因，最后结合Malmqusit指数及其分解指标对生态效率进行了动态分析。结果表明：1)黄河下游生态效率整体呈现波动中缓慢下降趋势，但下降幅度不大，研究期内生态效率值处于超高水平的城市呈递减趋势，在研究期末下游城市的生态效率水平分化较为明显；2)造成黄河下游城市生态效率损失的原因主要在于投入要素和非期望产出要素的冗余率过高，投入要素的冗余主要在于用水、用电量较高，非期望产出要素的冗余主要在于“三废”的排放；3)4个研究年份，技术进步、纯技术效率与规模效率对于黄河下游生态效率产生了影响。     

污染物的脱除率对燃煤电站生态效率的影响

从能源的生态效率角度出发,在以前研究工作的基础上,对燃煤电厂排放的气体污染物(NOX、SO2、CO2)对环境的影响进行了理论评价,讨论了对气体污染物单独脱除和协同脱除时,脱除率对燃煤电厂生态效率的影响,提出了提高现役燃煤电厂的生态效率的措施.所得结论对提高新机组和老机组的生态效率具有指导意义.     

木薯燃料乙醇生命周期能源效率评价

利用生命周期评价理论，建立了木薯燃料乙醇生命周期能源效率评价模型．以总体能源消耗、化石燃料消耗、石油消耗、净能源产出和能源综合利用率为评价指标，对木薯燃料乙醇进行了生命周期能源效率评价．结果表明：与汽油相比，木薯燃料乙醇生命周期整体能源消耗增加22%，化石燃料消耗降低54%，石油消耗降低96％，净能源产出偏低45％，能源综合利用率偏低8％．木薯燃料乙醇是潜力巨大的绿色燃料．     

从生态效率角度评价生态工业园建设

本研究以生态效率理论为基础,对工业园区生态效率的内涵和评价方法进行分析评述,构建了工业园生态效率评价指标体系。     

基于超效率SBM模型的黄河中下游生态效率测度与空间相关性分析

以黄河中下游54个市域为研究对象，运用基于非期望产出的超效率SBM模型(Super-SBM Model)、空间自相关模型等方法，研究了2010—2019年黄河中下游生态效率的时空演变格局，并分析了黄河中下游生态效率的空间相关性。结果表明：(1)黄河中下游生态效率总体上处于较低水平，且年度间和市域间生态效率差异显著。(2)2010—2019年黄河中下游的生态效率评价值在时间维度上呈现“升-降-升”的演变趋势，空间上呈现东部、西部地区两端生态效率较高，中北部地区生态效率较低的格局。(3)黄河中下游地区生态效率在空间上全局自相关特征显著，局部空间关联集聚特征不显著。黄河中下游市域生态效率的Moran’s I值呈现“先减后增再减”趋势，空间依赖性先减弱后增加再减弱。     

基于层次灰关联的钢铁行业CO_2排放影响因素

为了客观的评价钢铁行业CO2排放的影响因素,建立了由工序能耗、燃料组成、技术特征以及资源效率构成的钢铁工业CO2排放影响因素的综合评价指标体系.同时,提出了用于确定影响因素指标权重的层次灰关联分析组合模型,该方法有效避免了层次分析法中定量指标定性评价的主观性.最后对我国钢铁行业CO2排放的影响因素进行综合评价,结果表明:层次灰关联分析方法客观准确、可操作性强.评价结果可以为我国钢铁行业CO2减排方案提供理论支持.     

黄河流域生态效率与产业结构转型驱动作用研究

生态效率作为度量区域可持续发展状况的综合指标，能反映出经济发展与资源环境的耦合协调水平.探讨黄河流域生态效率时空动态及产业结构转型对其驱动影响，可为黄河流域生态文明建设和经济高质量发展提供科学支撑.采用非期待产出超效率SBM模型对2009-2018年黄河流域地级市生态效率进行测算，将产业结构转型分解为产业结构合理化和产业结构高度化两个维度，并构建空间杜宾模型分析产业结构转型、科技创新、城镇化水平等因素对生态效率的影响.结果表明：黄河流域生态效率和产业结构高级化整体呈上升态势，下游地区生态效率较高、产业结构相对合理；产业结构合理化、产业结构高级化、科技创新、对外开放等对生态效率表现出正向影响，城镇化水平对生态效率表现出负向影响.黄河流域应持续推进产业结构转型，提升科技创新和对外开放水平，同时应注重城镇化向资源节约集约、生态环境保护方向的根本性转变.     

基于物元模型的交通影响程度研究

根据我国交通影响程度的研究现状，基于物元模型理论，选取饱和度作为交通服务水平的评价指标，建立了判定评价交通影响程度的物元模型．通过实例验证了该方法的实用性与可靠性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with