黑松丛生芽的诱导及植株再生

以黑松带子叶顶芽为外植体建立了包括丛生芽诱导、伸长和生根的植株再生体系。结果表明:培养基中激素的种类、浓度以及外植体年龄对丛生芽的诱导有较大影响。单独使用6-BA能诱导产生丛生芽,但数量少,生长慢,NAA与6-BA配合使用能取得更好的效果。在试验的所有组合中,4.0 mg/L 6-BA 0.05 mg/L NAA效果最佳。截取黑松外植体的最佳苗龄为22~28 d。已分化的丛生芽在无6-BA但附加0.1 mg/L NAA的改良GD培养基中伸长较明显,GA3不能促进黑松丛生芽的生长且有毒害作用。将伸长的丛生芽接种在附加0.2 mg/L NAA的1/2 WPM培养基上培养14 d再转移至无激素的1/2 WPM中,1个月后,生根率达23.3%。     

抗病赤松组培丛生芽低温保存条件研究

从抗病赤松丛生芽的保存温度和保存时间以及山梨醇浓度、NAA和6-BA组合等方面探讨了离体条件下赤松组培丛生芽的低温保存条件。结果表明：保存温度为17 ℃时,丛生芽存活率达到96.7 %;培养基中单独添加0.1 mg/L的山梨醇或0.1 mg/L多效唑均可缓解冷害,添加0.2 mg/L的6BA+(0.1~0.2)mg/L的NAA组合保存效果最好,可使恢复生长后丛生芽的增殖系数提高到5.9~6.0;不同基因型的丛生芽低温保存效果差异显著,其中,1#-A、7#-7、16#-2 保存效果较好。     

湿地松的组织培养及植株再生

在以湿地松实生无菌苗带子叶顶芽为外植体诱导丛生芽的过程中，激素的种类及浓度、处理时间等对丛生芽的诱导影响较大，表现为：单独使用6-BA即可诱导丛生芽分化，但NAA与6BA协同作用效果更佳；外植体在改良GD 5mg／L 6-BA 0．1mg／L NAA的培养基上培养4～5周，其丛生芽诱导率最高达95％。将丛生芽单个切下继代培养在改良GD 3．5mg／L 6-BA 0．05mg／L NAA的培养基上时增殖较快。改良GD培养基中添加0．05～0．1mg／L生长素(NAA)或0．5g／L活性炭(AC)能明显促进丛生芽伸长；培养基中的大量元素减半则不利于湿地松丛生芽的伸长生长。将伸长的丛生芽单个切下置于生根培养基中，4周后生根率达53．3％，移栽成活率达85％。     

湿地松丛生芽的诱导及试管苗的生根研究

利用湿地松种子进行丛生芽的诱导及试管苗生根研究。结果发现：改良GD培养基适合湿地松离体胚的生长;以湿地松带子叶顶芽为外植体,在附加有3mg／L 6-BA和0．05mg／L的NAA改良GD培养基上可诱导湿地松丛生芽的形成,诱导率最高为73．3％;湿地松试管苗不定根诱导较为适宜的组合是1／2MS＋0．05mg／L NAA,诱导率可达60％,而无激素的1／2改良GD有利于根的伸长。     

甘蓝型油菜萝卜胞质不育恢复材料测交F4代的快繁生根及愈伤组织诱导

利用油菜萝卜胞质不育恢复材料测交F4代种子,在附加各种不同激素浓度组合的MS培养基上诱导丛生芽、生根及愈伤组织诱导,结果表明在MS培养基中添加1.0mg/L 6-BA+0.1mg/L NAA对诱导丛生芽有较好的效果,1/2MS培养基对小芽生根效果最好,在MS培养基中添加0.5mg/L 6-BA +0.1mg/L NAA+0.25mg/L GA3+0.1mg/L 2,4-D对诱导愈伤组织效果最好.     

文心兰丛生芽继代增殖关键技术研究

为建立文心兰(Oncidium)丛生芽工厂化继代增殖途径技术体系,对培养基、激素种类、激素浓度配比和继代增殖次数等影响丛生芽增殖增殖分化的关键因子进行比较研究。结果表明:以文心兰花梗为外植体,添加2.5~3.0 mg/L TDZ与0.2~0.4 mg/L NAA组合和1g/L活性炭和亚硫酸钠后诱导丛生芽分化丛生芽或原球茎效果好。TDZ与NAA浓度比值为8.93或8.75时,丛生芽诱导分化率最高,为90.0%,增殖系数为6.0~7.4;丛生芽分化途径最佳继代增殖培养基为:1/2MS+10 g/L琼脂+30 g/L蔗糖+1g/LAC+1g亚硫酸钠+2.8 mg/LTDZ+0.32 mg/LNAA;经5-6代继代增殖培养后,丛生芽变异率仅为0.1%。     

甘蓝型油菜萝卜胞质不育恢复材料测交F4代的快繁生根及愈伤组织诱导

利用油菜萝卜胞质不育恢复材料测交F4代种子，在附加各种不同激素浓度组合的MS培养基上访导丛生芽、生根及愈伤组织诱导，结果表明：在MS培养基中添加1．0mg/L6—BA_0.1mg/L NAA对诱导丛生芽有较好的效果，l／2MS培养基对小芽生根效果最好，在MS培养基中添加0．5mg/L 8-BA 0.1mg/L NAA 0.25mg/L GA3 0.1mg/L 2,4-D对诱导愈伤组织效果最好．     

两个菊花品种再生体系的建立

以小菊品种56号和大菊品种28号无菌苗的幼嫩叶片和茎段为材料,通过器官分化或器官直接发生途径,建立了两个品种的再生体系.以MS为基本培养基添加不同质量分数的6-BA和NAA,通过一定时间诱导,幼嫩叶片和茎段可以通过不同方式产生不定芽.初步结果表明,适合56号茎段愈伤生长并诱导不定芽产生的培养基为:MS 6-BA 0.5mg/L NAA 0.05mg/L;适合28号茎段愈伤生长并诱导不定芽的培养基为:MS 6-BA 0.5mg/L NAA 0.1mg/L;56号叶片直接诱导不定芽的培养基为:MS 6-BA1-3mg/L NAA 0.1-0.5mg/L.     

毛唇独蒜兰的离体快速繁殖研究

以毛唇独蒜兰的原球茎块作为外植体进行快速繁殖的研究,结果表明：毛唇独蒜兰（Pleione hookeriana）在1/2MS＋6-BA 1mg/L下丛生芽的出芽率为80％,而在TH＋NAA 0.2 mg/L＋6-BA 1mg/L下丛生芽的出芽率93％,并且增殖倍数比1/2MS多.在MS＋土豆50 g/L培养基有利于毛唇独蒜兰原球茎增重.诱导丛生芽的原球茎切块大小不小于0.5 cm×0.5 cm×0.5 cm.     

麝香百合组培快速繁殖技术研究

通过对百合球茎鳞片离体组织培养的研究,探讨了丛生芽诱导、继代增殖培养、生根培养及移栽等方面的组培快速繁殖以及生产上实用的组培技术,结果表明,MS 6-BA3.0mg\L NAA0.5mg\L KT0.14mg\L 2.4-D0.3mg\L 蔗糖35mg/L为适宜的诱导培养基,其诱导率为92%;MS 6-BA2.5mg/L NAA0.5mg/L KT0.1mg/L 2.4-D0.2mg/L 蔗糖65g/L为最佳的继代增殖培养基,其繁殖倍数为10.9倍,1/2MS NAA1.0mg/L 蔗糖35g/L的培养基诱导生根效果较好, 其生根率为86.7%,移栽成活率为100%,这为麝香百合大规模工厂化育苗提供了理论依据和技术保证。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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