AM60-xNd合金T4固溶时间的确定

对真空电阻炉中制备的AM60-xNd试样在不同实验条件下固溶处理。结果表明,Nd的质量分数为0.6%,经20 h的固溶处理,可得到晶粒度为32μm、Al11Nd3球化、显微硬度HV70左右的性能最佳的镁合金材料。同时,分析了固溶时间、Nd元素含量对AM60合金组织与性能变化的作用机理。     

La含量对AZ91镁合金耐蚀性能的影响

利用失重法和动电位极化法研究了添加La(w(La)=0%～0.65%)的AZ91合金在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,用SEM、EDS、XRD的表征结果分析La对AZ91镁合金腐蚀速率、腐蚀形貌、腐蚀电位及腐蚀电流的影响,并探讨其作用机理。结果表明,静态失重实验中,随La含量的增加,AZ91镁合金的腐蚀速率明显降低;电化学实验中,随La含量的增加,镁合金的腐蚀电位提高,腐蚀电流降低;当La的质量分数为0.16%时,AZ91镁合金的耐蚀性能最好,其腐蚀速率从8mg/(cm2.d)降低到2 mg/(cm2.d),腐蚀电位由-1.400 V提高至-1.328 V,腐蚀电流由0.527 mA降低到0.014 mA。La的加入对AZ91镁合金耐蚀性的机理是:La可使晶粒细化,改变β相的形貌,形成了强化相,并提高基体的电极电位,从而提高AZ91镁合金的耐蚀性能。     

钕对镁合金电偶腐蚀电流密度及分布的影响

气体保护条件下,通过向镁合金熔体中加入Mg-Nd中间合金的方法制备出不同稀土Nd含量的改性镁合金Mg-9Al-1Zn-xNd(AZ91Nd).采用电偶腐蚀、腐蚀电化学、X射线光电子谱(XPS)等方法研究了AZ91Nd镁合金在电偶腐蚀过程中的电流密度和分布的变化规律.电化学分析表明,在腐蚀过程中,镁合金腐蚀产物膜中含有一定量的Nd2O3,提高了AZ91Nd镁合金的自腐蚀电位和极化阻抗.腐蚀实验表明,Nd能够降低镁合金电偶腐蚀电流密度,促进电偶腐蚀电流在阳极表面均匀分布,抑制了局部腐蚀,提高了镁合金的抗电偶腐蚀性能.AZ91Nd耐蚀性提高的主要原因在于:Nd2O3提高了腐蚀产物膜的致密性导致合金的腐蚀电位和极化阻抗增加.     

Sn对Mg-Al-Sn-Zn系海水电池用镁阳极材料组织及电化学性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和结合能谱仪研究了Sn对镁阳极材料显微组织、相结构、表面形貌及成分分布的影响;并通过恒电流法、动电位极化法和排水集气法等研究了该镁合金的腐蚀行为和电化学性能.结果表明:合金元素Sn的加入可以抑制棒状β-Mg17Al12相沿晶界析出,随着Sn含量的增大,颗粒相Mg2Sn增多;均匀化处理使大部分β-Mg17Al12相溶解,而残留Mg2Sn未溶相.Sn的加入可以提高镁合金自腐蚀电位和析氢率,当Sn质量分数为1%时镁合金阳极的放电电压和电流效率最大.析氢率随电流密度的增大而增大,当电流密度为20mA.cm-2时电流效率最高,可达82.28%.腐蚀产物主要成分为MgO和Al2O3,且疏松,易脱落,使镁合金阳极的工作电位负而且稳定,可促进电池反应深入进行.     

锑对镁空气电池阳极性能的影响

为了探索放电性能更好的镁空气电池阳极,制备了3种镁合金,分别为Mg-6％Al-1％Zn,Mg-6％Al-5％Pb-1％Zn和Mg-6％Al-5％Pb-1％Zn-0.5％Sb,与工业空气阴极、NaCl溶液组成镁空气电池.利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、电化学工作站和蓝电测试系统,检测镁合金阳极的微观组织和电化学性能.结果表明:在镁合金中加入质量分数为0.5％的Sb后,晶粒尺寸明显减小,第二相 β-Mg17 Al12细化,腐蚀电位负移,腐蚀电流密度减小.Sb元素明显减少了合金的析氢反应,提高了镁阳极的放电电压,使放电产物更容易从合金表面脱落.     

Sn对AZ61镁合金腐蚀与电化学性能的影响

研究了Sn元素对AZ61镁合金阳极材料显微组织及其在3.5%的氯化钠溶液中的电化学性能和腐蚀速率.结果表明：Sn元素的加入抑制了β相的析出,生成了新的第二相,数量随着Sn含量的增加而增多;Sn元素的加入提高了AZ61镁合金阳极活性,改善了镁合金的电化学性能,随着Sn含量的增加,合金的自腐蚀电位负移,腐蚀速率稍有增加,恒电流放电电位负移,当Sn含量为3%时,AZ61-Sn镁合金阳极材料电化学综合性能明显优于AP65镁合金.     

稀土对Zn-15Al合金组织和耐蚀性的影响

制备了一种稀土 Zn 1 5Al合金 ,并用人工海水浸泡合金进行了腐蚀实验 ,借助金相与扫描电镜观察其腐蚀形貌及组织变化情况 .结果表明 :适量稀土的加入可细化Zn 1 5Al合金的铸态组织 ,而对合金的耐蚀性能无显著改善 ;当微量Cu、Mg及稀土复合添加时可显著改善合金的耐蚀性能 .通过实验确定了Ce的最佳含量为 0 .1 % (质量分数 ) .     

铸态Mg-2Nd-0.2Zn-0.4Zr-xY镁合金组织及力学性能

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X线衍射分析(XRD)及力学性能测试等手段,研究不同含量稀土元素Y(4%,6%,8%,质量分数)对Mg-2%Nd-0.2%Zn-0.4%Zr镁合金铸态显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:在Mg-2%Nd-0.2%Zn-0.4%Zr镁合金中添加Y可以明显细化合金晶粒,其中加入6%Y时效果最佳;合金晶粒粒径由100μm细化至35μm。未添加稀土元素的Mg-2%Nd-0.2%Zn-0.4Zr铸态合金中主要存在Mg12Nd相;加入稀土元素Y后,Nd和Y分别以Mg41Nd5和Mg24Y5化合物形式存在,合金的力学性能得到提高。其中加入6%Y的合金综合力学性能最好,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别提高至245 MPa和150 MPa,而伸长率大幅提高至16%,较未加稀土元素Y的合金提高191%;当Y含量达到8%时,合金综合力学性能下降。     

铜模吸铸法制备Fe_(63-x)Nd_(37)Al_x(x=5,8,10,12)合金的磁性能

利用铜模吸铸法制备了Fe63-xNd37Alx(x=5,8,10,12)合金,采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了其磁性能.结果表明:Fe63-xNd37Alx(x=5,8,10,12)合金均表现为软磁性.铸态Fe53Nd37Al10合金由非晶相Nd59Fe28Al13和晶态相Fe75Nd18Al7组成,其中的非晶相Nd59Fe28Al13在合金中表现为软磁性,但相同成分的利用铜模吸铸法制备的大块非晶合金却表现为硬磁性,这是由于Fe53Nd37Al10合金中的非晶相投有短程有序的团簇存在的缘故.     

稀土元素Nd和Dy对铸态ZK10镁合金组织及性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X线衍射分析及力学性能测试等设备和方法,研究稀土元素Nd和Dy对铸态ZK10镁合金显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:ZK10镁合金中分别加入Nd和Dy均能细化晶粒,且Nd和Dy同时加入的效果优于单一加入的效果,当同时加入质量分数为0.2%Nd和0.6%Dy时,合金的平均晶粒尺寸由原来的150μm细化至60μm,使ZK10合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别提高至191.0MPa和69.0MPa,伸长率达到16.6%,与未加入稀土的ZK10合金相比分别提高89%,43%和232%。     

Effect of stoichiometry and Cu-substitution on the phase structure and hydrogen storage properties of Ml-Mg-Ni-based alloys

To improve the electrochemical properties of rare-earth-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys, the effects of stoichiometry and Cu-substitution on the phase structure and thermodynamic properties of the alloys were studied. Nonsubstituted Ml_0.80Mg_0.20(Ni_2.90Co_0.50-Mn_0.30Al_0.30)_x (x=0.68, 0.70, 0.72, 0.74, 0.76) alloys and Cu-substituted Ml_0.80Mg_0.20(Ni_2.90Co_0.50-y Cu_y Mn_0.30Al_0.30)_0.70 (y=0, 0.10, 0.30, 0.50) alloys were prepared by induction melting. Phase structure analysis shows that the nonsubstituted alloys consist of a LaNi₅ phase, a LaNi₃ phase, and a minor La₂Ni₇ phase; in addition, in the case of Cu-substitution, the Nd₂Ni₇ phase appears and the LaNi₃ phase vanishes. Thermodynamic tests show that the enthalpy change in the dehydriding process decreases, indicating that hydride stability decreases with increasing stoichiometry and increasing Cu content. The maximum discharge capacity, kinetic properties, and cycling stability of the alloy electrodes all increase and then decrease with increasing stoichiometry or increasing Cu content. Furthermore, Cu substitution for Co ameliorates the discharge capacity, kinetics, and cycling stability of the alloy electrodes.     

Synergistic effect of Al and Gd on enhancement of mechanical properties of magnesium alloys

The effect of Gd/Al ratio on the properties of as-cast Mg-Gd-Al-Zn alloys was investigated by changing the chemical composition from that of AZ61 to GZ61. At the ratio of 1, the Al2Gd phase becomes predominant and Mg17Al12 is hardly seen in the microstructure. As a potent inoculant, the Al2Gd phase resulted in intense grain refinement and enhancement of strength, ductility and toughness. For instance, the tensile strength and elongation to failure of Mg-3Gd-3Al-1Zn alloy were enhanced by ~4% and 180% compared with those of AZ61 alloy, respectively. However, at high Gd/Al ratios, the Al2Gd phase was replaced by (Mg,Al)3Gd and Mg5Gd phases and very large grain sizes were achieved, which led to poor tensile properties and the appearance of cleavage facets on the fracture surfaces. Therefore, it can be deduced that the presence of Gd and Al, in appropriate amounts to reach Gd/Al ratio of ~ 1, is required for the achievement of grain refinement, good ductility, high strength, and the appearance of ductile fracture surfaces in the Mg-Gd-Al-Zn system. Conclusively, the Mg-Gd-Al-Zn alloys can be considered as a new class of structural magnesium alloy and it is superior to both AZ (Mg-Al-Zn) and GZ (Mg-Gd-Zn) series of alloys.     

Ml0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5-x Alx合金储氢性能及电化学性能研究

在Ar气保护下,采用悬浮熔炼方法制备Ml0.75 Mg0.25 Ni3.5 -xAlx(x=0.05 ～0.25)合金,系统研究Al部分取代Ni对合金的相结构、吸放氢性能和电化学性能的影响.结果表明,合金的相结构主要由具有六方CaCu5结构的(La,Pr) Ni5相、(La,Pr) Mg2Ni9相和(La,Nd)2 N...     

高磁能积低温度系数的铁基永磁合金的磁性能与组织结构

本文研究了Co和Al的添加对NdFeCoAlB永磁合金磁性能与组织结构的影响。获得一种磁能积为278.6～318.4kJ/m~3(35～40MGOe),磁感可逆温度系数α293～373K=-0.06～-0.08％/K的NdFeCoAlB系5元合金。Co主要进入四方相,提高合金的居里点,降低磁感可逆温度系数。当含Co量较高时,在合金中形成了具有MgCu_2型结构的Nd(FeCo)_2相,使合金永磁性能恶化。Al主要进入四方相,使四方相晶粒和富B相块度细化,提高了合金的矫顽力。进一步提高Al含量时,在合金中形成了新相,使合金永磁性能恶化。     

Effects of Ce-rich RE on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd alloy with duplex structure

The effects of Ce-rich RE on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd-x RE(x = 0, 1, 2, 3 wt%) alloys were investigated. The results indicated that the as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd alloy mainly consisted of α-Mg, β-Li, AlLi, MgLi2 Al and Al2 Nd phases. With the addition of Ce-rich RE in the alloy,Al3 RE and Al2 RE phases generated and gradually grew into net-like or block-like structure. With the addition of RE, Al-RE phases generated by consuming Al element and, thus, less Al element was dissolved in the matrix and less AlLi phase formed. Furthermore, less AlLi phase means that more Li element released to cause the increase ofβ-Li phase and refine the α-Mg phase. Under the influence of these factors, adding more RE led to higher elongation and lower tensile strength and hardness. With the addition of Ce-rich RE, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Nd alloy gradually decreased from 180 to 152 MPa and from 215 to 193 MPa, respectively, while the elongation was remarkably improved from 21.1% to 40.2%.     

Nd60Fe30-xZrxAl10(x=5,10,15,20)合金的制备及磁性能研究

分别采用电弧熔炼和机械合金化法制备Nd60 Fe30-xZrxAl10（x=5,10,15,20）晶态和纳米非晶态合金,并利用X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计等对制备的晶态合金和纳米非晶态合金的结构及其磁性能进行分析,研究Fe和Zr相对含量的变化对合金相的组成及磁性能的影响.结果表明：Nd60 Fe30-xZrxAl10（x=5,10,15,20）合金晶态及纳米非晶态合金均显示软磁性;对于晶态样品,随着Zr含量的增加,样品的磁化强度逐步降低;对于纳米非晶态合金,随着Zr含量的增加,合金的饱和磁化强度降低;相同成分的纳米非晶态合金的饱和磁化强度高于相应的晶态合金的饱和磁化强度.Nd60Fe20Zr10Al10混合粉末球磨100 h后达到了完全非晶化,说明Nd60 Fe20Zr10Al10有较好的非晶形成能力.     

Al含量对镁锂合金α-Mg相晶格常数及微观应变的影响

采用X射线衍射方法测算Ng-5Li-xAl合金α-Mg相晶格常数及微观应变,研究不同含量的Al元素对镁锂合金中α-Mg相晶格常数及微观应变的影响．结果表明,铸态blg-5Li-xAl合金主要是由α-Mg基体和AlLi相组成;随着Al含量增加,α-Mg相的衍射峰向高角度偏移,晶格常数下降,合金的微观应变增加,其原因是固溶进入α-Mg相基体中的A1原子和析出的A1Li相共同作用所致;铸态Mg-5Li-xAl合金的硬度随着Al含量增加而增大,Al添加量在3％～5％时合金硬度的增长率要高于Al添加量在0—3％时硬度的增长率．     

Nd-Fe-Co-Al-B永磁合金性能研究

在(Nd,Fe)(76.5)Co_(15)Al_1B_(7.5)的基础上,研究丁Nd,Fe量变化对合金性能的影响,其形式为Nd_(18-x)Fe_(58.5+x)Co_(15)Al_1B_(7.5),x=1,2,3,4,结果合金最佳性能出现在Nd量为15—16at％之间。同时研究了用W,Mo,Zr,Nb替代Al的工作,其替代式为Nd_(16)Fe_(76.5)Co_(15)B_(7.5),M_1,M为W,Mo,Zr,Nb。W替代Al的合金有较好的磁性能和热稳定性能。     

Tuning microstructure,transformation behavior,mechanical/functional properties of Ti-V-Al shape memory alloy by doping quaternary rare earth Y

The microstructure features, martensitic transformation behavior and mechanical/functional properties of Ti–V–Al alloy were tailored by changing rare element Y content in the present investigation. The results showed that Y doping resulted in the grain refinement and formation of Y-rich phase mainly distributing along grain boundary in Ti–V–Al alloys. The martensitic transformation temperatures of Ti–V–Al alloys slightly increased due to the variation of matrix composition induced by the presence of Y-rich phase. The mechanical and functional properties of Ti–V–Al alloys doped moderate Y addition were significantly improved, which can be ascribed to grain refinement, solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening. The 1.0 at.%Y-doped Ti–V–Al alloy exhibited the highest ultimate tensile stress of 912 MPa and largest elongation of 17.68%. In addition, it was found that the maximum recoverable strain of 5.42% can be obtained in Ti–V–Al alloy with adding 1.0 at.%Y,under the pre-strain of 6% condition, which is enhanced by approximate 0.6% than that of Ti–V–Al alloy without Y addition.