Adaptive nonuniformity correction for IRFPA sensors based on neural network framework

For infrared focal plane array sensors, imagery is degraded during signal acquisition, particularly nonuniformity. In this paper, an adaptive nonuniformity correction technique is proposed which simultaneously estimates detector-level and readoutchannel-level correction parameters using neural network approaches. Firstly, an improved neural network framework is designed to compute the desired output. Secondly, an adaptive learning rate rule is used in the gain and offset parameter estimation process. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can achieve a faster convergence speed and better stability, remove nonuniformity and track parameters drift effectively, and present a good adaptability to scene changes and nonuniformity conditions.     

OFDM测距中的最佳轨迹匹配相噪补偿算法

近年来,正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM)被广泛应用于高精度无线测距系统中。针对OFDM高精度测距系统对相位噪声非常敏感的问题,提出了基于区域量化的分级最佳轨迹匹配相位噪声补偿算法,首先根据实际相位噪声轨迹设计了基于区域量化的两级码本,然后通过分段匹配的方法在码本中选择最接近实际的相位噪声轨迹。仿真结果与分析表明所提方法在相同估计精度条件下可以有效地降低轨迹匹配复杂度,且所提算法可以有效地跟踪实际相位噪声轨迹,在保证码本覆盖范围的前提下得到了接近最优的测距精度。     

OFDM系统中相位噪声的自适应补偿技术及性能仿真

相位噪声对正交频分复用OFDM系统的性能有着关键性影响,其产生的通用相角错误CPE会使信道失真系数逐符号旋转,因而必须采用逐符号更新信道估计值的方法。提出了一种基于判决反馈的低通滤波算法来克服CPE所产生的信道旋转并提高信道估计的性能。该方法可通过导频子载波估计CPE所产生的信道旋转,并将解调后子载波的判决值通过低通滤波的方式降低信道估计的方差。文中采用了归纳法对该算法进行了理论分析,分析结果和仿真均证明了该算法的有效性,以及在计算量,收敛性方面的优势。     

单载波频域均衡高速水声通信仿真研究

基于判决反馈均衡器和二阶数字锁相环联合的水声通信接收机结构复杂，运算量大，对均衡器阶教及步长的选择敏感；基于正交频分复周的高速水声通信信号峰平功率比高，对频率偏移和多普勒非常敏感。针对这些问题，提出了单载波频域均衡高速水声通信方法．该方法计算量低，无峰平功率比问题，对频率偏移不敏感。仿真结果表明：单载波频域均衡方法具有抗固定相位偏移的能力，对高速水声通信具有很强的应用价值。     

一种基于训练序列的OFDM时频同步新算法

针对正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing,OFDM)系统性能对同步偏差的敏感性,提出了一种新的基于训练序列的OFDM联合定时和频率同步算法。基于新设计的训练序列结构,提出了新的定时度量函数,同时推导了小数倍频偏估计算法。新定时同步算法有效地克服了传统算法中的定时缺陷,新频偏估计算法具有和Schmidl算法相同的估计方差。理论分析与仿真结果表明,新算法在多径信道下具有较好的鲁棒性。     

非数据辅助的OFDM系统联合同步算法设计

研究了正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM)系统中非数据辅助的同步问题,通过对OFDM时域信号延时相关函数进行分析,设计了一种非数据辅助且具有较低复杂度的联合采样频率、载波频率及符号定时同步算法。算法根据延时相关函数以OFDM符号率为周期的周期特性,首先从延时相关函数的模中提取OFDM符号的周期标记,通过对收端和发端在相同时间内的采样点数之比进行采样频率偏差(sampling frequency offset, SFO)估计;然后通过对延时相关函数的模进行分段平均,从中提取去除循环前缀(cyclicprefix,CP)的开始时刻,从而进行符号定时同步和载波频率偏差(carrier frequency offset, CFO)估计。仿真结果表明,算法性能受累积时间长度和CP长度影响较大,而受OFDM基带调制方式影响较小;与其他同类文献相比,本文的联合同步算法具有较低复杂度和较好的性能。     

Simplified iterative algorithm for OFDM phase noise mitigation

OFDM has been widely adopted in several communication systems. However, OFDM systems are very sensitive to the phase noise, which causes the CPE (common phase error) and ICI (inter-carrier interference), and thus degrades the system performance significantly. Based on the IEEE 802.11a standard, a simplified iterative phase noise mitigation algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm has very low complexity, and requires no additional pilot information. The simulation result shows that good BER performance can be achieved through several few times of iteration.     

Blind CFO estimation algorithm for OFDM systems by using generalized precoding and trilinear model

This paper discusses the blind carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems by utilizing trilinear decomposition and generalized precoding. Firstly, the generalized precoding is employed to obtain multiple covariance matrices which are requisite for the trilinear model, and then a novel CFO estimation algorithm is proposed for the OFDM system. Compared with both the joint diagonalizer and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariant technique (ESPRIT), the proposed algorithm enjoys a better CFO estimation performance. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can work well without virtual carriers. Simulation results illustrate the performance of this algorithm.     

残留频偏条件下码辅助的迭代载波同步算法

LDPC编码系统,接收端在译码前需要对频偏和相差进行估计,使残留频偏和相差在译码器收敛的允许范围之内,但在低信噪比条件下,即使在收敛范围内,较大的残留频偏和相差也会对LDPC编码系统性能有明显的恶化,所以必须结合迭代译码系统,对信号的残留频偏和相差进行进一步的估计。基于EM算法推导了频偏联合相差的迭代估计算法,给出了一种简单有效的残留频偏估计方法,并以此为基础,结合LDPC迭代译码输出软信息的统计特性,提出了一种码辅助的迭代载波同步算法,仿真结果表明,只要残留频偏和相差在迭代估计器收敛范围内,提出的算法可以使LDPC编码系统的误比特率接近理想同步条件下的译码性能。     

正交频分复用系统中相位噪声的影响与抑制

在分析本振相位噪声对正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)系统性能影响的基础上,建立了一种新的相噪频域模型,并基于该模型提出了加入相噪估计导频来跟踪相噪的方法。由于导频与数据子载波之间有空子载波作为保护间隔,该方法可以估计出相噪的高阶频谱分量,从而有效地抑制相噪引入的共同相位误差(common phase error,CPE)和载波间干扰(inter-carrier interference,ICI)。仿真结果表明方法的有效性。     

OFDM系统中的一种有效频偏估计算法

通过设计一种特殊的训练序列,提出了一种新型的正交频分复用(OFDM)系统频偏估计算法。只需要一个训练序列,就可以有效地对整数倍与小数倍的频偏进行估计,并且还可以利用该特殊训练序列进行符号定时估计。仿真结果表明,与传统算法相比,提出的算法不仅减少了训练序列数目,而且提高了频偏估计精度。     

自适应比特功率分配的电力线通信OFDM系统仿真

针对低压电力线通信信道的实际条件,探讨了相应的自适应正交频分(OFDM)系统模型。提出将具有全局优化进化能力的粒子群算法用于多用户自适应OFDM系统的比特、功率分配,能够提高频谱利用率,降低系统发射功率。采用改进的粒子群算法,增大算法后期粒子位置的改变量,克服算法容易出现早熟收敛问题。在典型电力线信道环境的仿真分析表明,相比于已有算法,该算法在保证系统通信性能的同时,提高了运算速度。     

基于神经网络的低信噪比CBOC信号组合码序列盲估计

针对低信噪比下复合二进制偏移载波(composite binary offset carrier, CBOC)信号的组合码序列盲估计问题。首先采用奇异值分解(singular value decomposition, SVD)的算法对CBOC的组合码序列进行可行性验证,可得在已知相关参数的情况下对CBOC信号组合码序列盲估计是可行的;其次就SVD在长序列估计中计算量和存储量需求大的问题,进一步提出主分量神经网络解决上述问题,同时引入最优变步长收敛模型改善神经网络(neural network, NN)收敛速度。利用无监督NN的自适应主分量提取信号特性,避免批处理运算,实现CBOC信号组合码序列盲估计。实验表明,NN能在-20 dB下达到精确估计序列的目的,且算法有稳定性高、复杂度低、收敛速度快等优点。     

改进的OFDM/OQAM预编码信道估计方法

基于偏移正交幅度调制(offset quadrature amplitude modulation,OQAM)的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)系统为获得良好的系统性能,系统在接收端的信道估计是重要一环。针对离散导频OFDM/OQAM系统的信道估计问题,分析了该系统典型的预编码方法,指出了其计算复杂度大的问题。在此基础上,提出了一种改进的预编码方法。该方法采用两个预编码矩阵,减少了每次编码的时频格点数目。该方法减小了预编码矩阵的维数,进而显著降低了系统信道估计的计算复杂度。仿真结果表明,在相同的信道条件下,该方法能够保证与预编码方法相近的信道估计精度,同时有效降低系统计算复杂度。     

低复杂度无线OFDM自适应信道估计算法

提出了一种基于传输信道状态检测的低复杂度无线OFDM系统自适应信道估计算法,利用导频子载波在时频方向对当前信道状态进行统计检测,动态跟踪信道参数的变化特征,自适应选择当前条件下的最优内插滤波系数;同时简化传输信道先验统计信息求解,以此作为滤波系数选择的依据.仿真结果表明,在低复杂度条件下可以获知当前信道模型化参数近似统计信息,利用较少的计算资源就能获得较好的自适应性能;从而有效克服了二维Wiener滤波器实现复杂度高,以及传统信道估计按照最恶劣信道情况上限进行设计所导致的非匹配性估计性能损失.     

A method based on Chinese remainder theorem with all phase DFT for DOA estimation in sparse array

This paper takes further insight into the sparse geometry which offers a larger array aperture than uniform linear array(ULA)with the same number of physical sensors.An efficient method based on closed-form robust Chinese remainder theorem(CFRCRT)is presented to estimate the direction of arrival(DOA)from their wrapped phase with permissible errors.The proposed algorithm has significantly less computational complexity than the searching method while maintaining similar estimation precision.Furthermore,we combine all phase discrete Fourier transfer(APDFT)and the CFRCRT algorithm to achieve a considerably high DOA estimation precision.Both the theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has a higher estimation precision as well as lower computation complexity.     

Joint frequency offset tracking and PAPR reduction algorithm in OFDM systems

This paper presents an algorithm that aims to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems while maintaining frequency tracking. The algorithm achieves PAPR reduction by applying the complex conjugates of the data symbol obtained from the frequency domain to cancel the phase of the data symbol. A likelihood estimator is used to obtain the sub-carrier phase error due to the residual carrier frequency offset (RCFO) using the same complex conjugates as a pilot signal. Furthermore, a joint time and frequency domain multicarrier phase locked loop (MPLL) is developed to compensate additional frequency offset. Simulation results show that this algorithm is capable of reducing PAPR without impacting the frequency tracking performance.     

OFDM/OQAM系统中基于BEM信道模型的盲载波频偏估计算法

针对时频双选衰落信道下基于交错正交幅度调制的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with offset quadrature amplitude modulation,OFDM/OQAM)系统的频率同步问题,将双选信道建模为复指数基扩展模型,证明了存在载波频偏情况下OFDM/OQAM接收信号的二阶循环平稳特性,在此基础上,提出一种OFDM/OQAM系统载波频率偏差的盲估计算法。理论分析和仿真结果表明由该方法构造的估计器不仅能够有效地抵抗双选信道引起的衰落而且具有很好的抗噪性能,从而可以实现对载波频偏的稳健估计。     

Pseudo-noise preamble based joint frame and frequency synchronization algorithm in OFDM communication systems

Frame and frequency synchronization are essential for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） systems. The frame offset owing to incorrect start point position of the fast Fourier transform （FFT） window, and the carrier frequency offset （CFO） due to Doppler frequency shift or the frequency mismatch between the transmitter and receiver oscil ators, can bring severe inter-symbol interference （ISI） and inter-carrier interference （ICI） for the OFDM system. Relying on the relatively good correlation charac-teristic of the pseudo-noise （PN） sequence, a joint frame offset and normalized CFO estimation algorithm based on PN preamble in time domain is developed to realize the frame and frequency synchronization in the OFDM system. By comparison, the perfor-mances of the traditional algorithm and the improved algorithm are simulated under different conditions. The results indicate that the PN preamble based algorithm both in frame offset estimation and CFO estimation is more accurate, resource-saving and robust even under poor channel condition, such as low signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and large normalized CFO.     

基于伪随机序列前导码的OFDM系统帧同步算法

在正交频分复用（orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM）系统接收端,错误估计快速傅里叶变换窗口起始点会导致OFDM帧偏差,从而造成严重的符号间干扰（inter symbol interference, ISI）以及子载波间干扰（inter carrier interference, ICI）。首先建立一个带有帧同步的OFDM系统模型,然后通过理论推导得到帧偏差对OFDM系统的影响。利用伪随机序列自身较好的相关特性,设计了一种基于伪随机序列前导码的帧同步算法,并分析了3种基于循环前缀（cyclic prefix, CP）的传统帧同步算法。通过仿真实验,结果表明所提出的基于伪随机序列前导码的帧同步算法与传统算法相比,即使在较差的信道条件下,如在较低的信噪比或存在较大的载波频率偏移（carrier frequency offset, CFO）时,其帧偏差估计结果更为准确、稳定以及节省资源。