不宜混食的食物

盲目搭配食物——混食,将使食物营养成分之间产生堵塞作用。钙质堵塞:一些食物如禽蛋、大豆、鲜奶、酸乳酪等均富含钙质。但一些高纤维食物如谷类、纯面包或菠菜及其他蔬菜汤,它们含有的化学成分均能影响人体对钙的吸收。铜质堵塞:鱼类、果核、动物肝脏及鸡     

浅谈中日两国饮食文化

中国的饮食文化对周边国家甚至全世界,都有着特殊的影响。日本自古以来受到中国饮食文化的影响颇为深刻,可以说很多的日本料理文化都传承了中华民族的一些饮食文化。同时,由于两国自然环境因素的影响,也存在着一些饮食习惯的不同。本文通过在日本生活的切身感受,分析阐述了中日饮食文化的差异,这一差异给我们展示了日本文化独有的魅力。     

哈尔滨大学生饮食状况和饮食健康知识的调查与分析

了解哈尔滨大学生的饮食状况，以及对饮食知识的掌握。采取随机抽样的方法，在哈尔滨医科大学（Harbin Medical University，HMU）和哈尔滨工程大学（Harbin Engineering University，HEU）330名大学生中进行问卷调查，收回有效问卷320份。结果，HMU和HEU被调查学生每天饮用水量在1-2L者百分比分别占57．6％和46．8％。HMU和HEU被调查学生口渴喝水者分别占48．3％、45．5％。HMU和HEU被调查学生中，频繁食用快餐（以半个月内至少1次为准）者分别占29．5％、22．0％。在HMU和HEU被调查学生中每周使用电脑时间超过15h者分别占26．1％、38．8％。6道营养健康知识的判断题，HMU和HEU的平均正确率分别为79．4％、74．1％，P〉0．05，两校无显著差异。哈尔滨地区大学生饮食状况不佳，基本饮食健康知识还需提高。     

健康从饮食开始

随着新世纪的到来,人们的工作学习压力越来越大,有着一个健康的身体也是越来越重要,健康从何而来?其实健康不是一朝一夕就能得到的,它是平时良好的习惯所带来的,本问对人们不良的饮食方式和习惯做了一些概述并作出了一些健康饮食的论述。     

长沙市居民在外饮食消费特点分析

随着长沙市居民生活水平的提高,居民在外饮食消费日渐增多,把握长沙市居民在外饮食消费的特点,对长沙餐饮企业的经营和良性发展具有重要的指导意义。本文结合实际调查,分析了长沙市居民在外饮食消费的特点,并对长沙餐饮企业的经营提出了几点建议。     

浅析宋代饮食文化

宋代是我国古代经济发展的繁荣时期,同时也是我国饮食发展史上的一个鼎盛时期。宋代的饮食文化开始注重饮食营养全面化,开始讲究食品的精细化和艺术化。饮食类别多样,时代特征明显。对宋代饮食文化的研究,对于我们挖掘沉淀在宋代历史长河中的宝贵饮食文化财富,弘扬中国饮食文化有着极其重要的意义。     

饮食营养与心理健康

心理学家及营养学家经过几十年的研究发现,人的心理和情绪状态颇受食物因素的影响。有位美国科学家发现,含糖量高的食物对忧郁、紧张和易怒行为有缓解作用,当人食入碳水化合物之后,一种血管收缩素便会在大脑中不断增加,使人的精神状况变好。     

The diet of Australopithecus sediba

Specimens of Australopithecus sediba from the site of Malapa, South Africa (dating from approximately 2 million years (Myr) ago) present a mix of primitive and derived traits that align the taxon with other Australopithecus species and with early Homo. Although much of the available cranial and postcranial material of Au. sediba has been described, its feeding ecology has not been investigated. Here we present results from the first extraction of plant phytoliths from dental calculus of an early hominin. We also consider stable carbon isotope and dental microwear texture data for Au. sediba in light of new palaeoenvironmental evidence. The two individuals examined consumed an almost exclusive C(3) diet that probably included harder foods, and both dicotyledons (for example, tree leaves, fruits, wood and bark) and monocotyledons (for example, grasses and sedges). Like Ardipithecus ramidus (approximately 4.4 Myr ago) and modern savanna chimpanzees, Au. sediba consumed C(3) foods in preference to widely available C(4) resources. The inferred consumption of C(3) monocotyledons, and wood or bark, increases the known variety of early hominin foods. The overall dietary pattern of these two individuals contrasts with available data for other hominins in the region and elsewhere.     

Pterosaurs as part of a spinosaur diet

A remarkable specimen has been discovered of an Early Cretaceous pterosaur that has a tooth embedded in one of its cervical vertebrae: the tooth has been identified as one from a spinosaurid theropod dinosaur. This fossil is direct evidence that spinosaurs included items other than fish in their diet.     

正确认识饮食中的几个营养问题

人们在饮食中存在普遍性的三个营养问题，即：1、有人认为禽畜内脏含胆固醇高，不敢吃；2、有人说吃油和脂会胖，吃水果和蔬菜不会胖；3、盲目补钙，适得其反。用科学的道理阐明了这些认识的错误所在，并介绍了正确做法。     

Energetic constraints on the diet of terrestrial carnivores

Species in the mammalian order Carnivora exhibit a huge diversity of life histories with body sizes spanning more than three orders of magnitude. Despite this diversity, most terrestrial carnivores can be classified as either feeding on invertebrates and small vertebrates or on large vertebrates. Small carnivores feed predominantly on invertebrates probably because they are a superabundant resource (sometimes 90% of animal biomass); however, intake rates of invertebrate feeders are low, about one tenth of those of vertebrate feeders. Although small carnivores can subsist on this diet because of low absolute energy requirements, invertebrate feeding appears to be unsustainable for larger carnivores. Here we show, by reviewing the most common live prey in carnivore diets, that there is a striking transition from feeding on small prey (less than half of predator mass) to large prey (near predator mass), occurring at predator masses of 21.5-25 kg. We test the hypothesis that this dichotomy is the consequence of mass-related energetic requirements and we determine the predicted maximum mass that an invertebrate diet can sustain. Using a simple energetic model and known invertebrate intake rates, we predict a maximum sustainable mass of 21.5 kg, which matches the point where predators shift from small to large prey.