东濮凹陷超压异常与次生孔隙

目的探讨东濮凹陷深层超压异常的形成原因和对储层的影响。方法利用实际资料，发现异常高压纵、横向分布特点，从宏观和微观两方面对其成因和对储层的作用进行分析。结果超压异常的形成与不均衡压实、孔隙流体增加、孔隙体积减小有关；超压异常控制成岩作用环境及孔隙的纵向演化，主要表现在高次生孔隙的发育和孔隙的分带性；次生孔隙的发育主要受微裂缝形成、生烃酸性环境溶蚀作用、热液循环溶蚀作用、热液交代作用和原生孔隙保存作用的影响。结论在异常超压控制下，东濮凹陷深层形成了次生孔隙发育带为主、次生孔隙递减带和致密带为辅的次生孔隙分布格局，次生孔隙带的广泛发育对扩大东濮凹陷深层勘探领域具有重要意义。     

烃碱流体对三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系火山岩储集层的改造作用

三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系火山岩储集层以基性、中性熔岩为主,储集空间有3种类型,可分为原生孔隙、次生孔隙和裂隙。烃碱流体对火山岩储集层的改造作用主要反映在次生孔隙带的形成、发育程度上。这取决于烃碱流体碱交代作用引起物质的带入与带出的比例。目前研究区镜下鉴定结果表明火山岩次生孔隙大量发育,其中碱交代蚀变、溶蚀使孔渗增加,表明烃碱流体对马朗凹陷深部地层作用的广泛性。次生孔隙连通成次生孔隙带,原生孔隙通过裂缝和次生孔隙带连通构成了良好的油气运移通道和储集空间。     

陕甘宁中生代地层异常压力对次生孔隙形成的作用

陕甘宁盆地三叠系延长统是国内外典型的低渗特低渗油田 ,储集层主要为三角洲砂体 ,压实作用和胶结作用强烈 ,储层非均质性非常严重 ,因此预测次生孔隙发育带是寻找油气聚集带的关键 .通过对陕甘宁盆地陇东地区延长统次生孔隙形成的主控因素分析 ,认为陕甘宁盆地延长统次生孔隙的形成除了受沉积有利相带控制外 ,还与地层异常压力的作用密切相关 .研究认为陇东地区异常压力的形成机理主要由于成岩过程中粘土矿物脱水作用 .粘土矿物大量脱水时间正好与有机质脱羧期相一致 ,从而在异常压力作用下将生油岩中的大量有机酸及 CO2 带到与之相邻的储集层中 ,并沿着有利储集相带运移 ,在酸性水经过的地方形成大量的次生孔隙 ,为后期油气运聚提供有利通道及宿住空间 ,从现今的勘探结果来看 ,通过研究地层异常压力纵横向分布特征 ,并结合有利相带研究预测次生孔隙育良带是行之有效的方法 .     

库车前陆盆地断裂封存的超高压封存箱

通过对库车前陆盆地超高压封存箱构造环境的分析,解释了该区＂封存箱＂的本质是断裂构造封存.超高压系统处于韧、脆性互变构造带,其是超高压和天然气保存的构造环境和基本条件.非能干层及沿其发育的滑脱层和逆掩断层作为＂压力封存箱＂的顶板或底板,其在垂向上起到封隔压力的作用.区域非能干层具有毛细管和异常高压双重封闭机制,滑脱层和逆掩断层大大增强其所到之处非能干层的封闭能力.压性、压扭性逆冲断层和平移断层侧向封闭,将构造区分割成互不连通的压力封存箱,亦成为＂压力封存箱＂的侧板.     

准噶尔盆地西北缘侏罗系储层成岩作用及孔隙演化

对准噶尔盆地株罗系砂岩储层成岩作用过程的研究结果表明，储层的孔隙演化主要与压实作用、溶蚀作用和胶结作用等有密切的关系。压实作用和方解石胶结作用是使原生孔隙遭受破坏的主要成岩作用类型；方解石和粘土矿物的溶蚀作用是形成次生孔隙的主要成岩作用类型；高岭石的后期充填是使次生孔隙遭受破坏的主要原因。各种成岩作用的时空配置关系控制着孔隙的发育程度；储层孔隙发育具有垂向分带性。在纵向上可划分出4个孔隙发育带，这对预测本区侏罗系储层物性的空间分布具有重要意义。     

莺歌海盆地压力封存箱的形成、演化及与成藏关系

根据莺歌海盆地钻井资料、压力测试资料等,开展盆地超压特征的分析,结合构造演化及沉积过程,对盆地压力封存箱进行划分,并分析其形成及演化过程,探讨压力封存箱的形成、演化与成藏的关系。研究表明盆地存在3个主要的压力封存箱,压力封存箱经历的3期主要的演化阶段与盆地经历的3期主要构造活动相对应,压力封存箱的形成和演化是"动态"的。在3个构造期因泥底辟活动造成的箱体破裂,箱内流体向外运聚,该时期是油气的重要运聚时期,也是油气的主要成藏期。从压力封存箱的演化历史看,盆地中油气属于箱外的降温、降压过程中的成藏,这些泥底辟区及周围的斜坡地区应为油气勘探的重要目标区。非泥底辟带,构造相对稳定,超压封存箱演化也平稳,油气运聚规模不大。     

基于热力学与动力学方法预测碎屑岩的次生孔隙发育带

松辽盆地北部下白垩系泉四段为富钾长石碎屑岩,油气主要聚集在以钾长石溶蚀孔为主的次生孔隙发育带中。为了预测其次生孔隙发育带的分布,从次生孔隙的形成机制出发,应用盆地模拟技术,恢复泉四段埋藏史、热史和有机质热演化史等。以成岩环境和流体性质为基础,应用次生孔隙形成时期的古地温和古压力,结合地层水中K+和H+质量浓度,计算钾长石溶蚀反应的Gibbs自由能增量(ΔG)和反应速率(v),讨论钾长石溶解—沉淀状态以及次生孔隙发育程度。研究结果表明:泉四段的次生孔隙主要形成于嫩江期和明水期,且现今大部分区域仍发生溶蚀作用。钾长石自发反应(ΔG0 k J/mol)且溶解速率快的砂体易发育次生孔隙。松辽盆地北部泉四段储层的次生孔隙发育带主要位于中央坳陷区的西北和东南部,处于ΔG-38 k J/mol的砂体发育区。然而,位于中央坳陷的中部和南部,发育中成岩阶段A2亚期及-38≤ΔG0 k J/mol的砂体,钾长石溶蚀反应速率低,次生孔隙发育较好。     

济阳坳陷深层天然气致密砂岩储集空间成因

寻找深层天然气致密砂岩储层中有利的次生孔隙带是深层天然气勘探中值得重视的问题，本文通过分析成岩作用及沉积环境对储集性的影响。对致密砂岩中次生孔隙的成因进行了探讨．认为致密砂岩储集孔间的成因与深层有一定规模的流体运动有关。用流体热对流循环机制较好地解释了深层次生孔隙带的形成，从而指出了济阳坳陷深层天然气的有利分布带。     

水介质的化学性质和流动方式对深部碎屑岩储层成岩作用的影响

对东营凹陷下第三系深部碎屑岩储层成岩作用的影响因素进行了研究 ,结果表明 ,有机无机化学反应提供的酸性水介质环境和异常压力带流体的循环热对流是影响和控制深部碎屑岩储层成岩作用的重要因素。有机质热演化、粘土矿物转化、硫酸盐热化学氧化还原反应、油田水化学性质和烃类物质进入储层等因素引起地层水介质化学性质的变化 ,这严重影响了深部碎屑岩储层的成岩作用。循环热对流是深部储层流体的主要流动方式 ,它控制着自生矿物在砂层中的析出位置和次生孔隙的分布特征     

松辽盆地北部泉三、四段异常高孔隙带预测

松辽盆地北部泉三、四段发育3个异常高孔隙带,主要由有机酸溶蚀储层形成。为预测次生孔隙发育带的横向展布,应用成岩作用数值模拟技术,对松辽盆地北部泉三、四段成岩阶段和成岩相的展布进行研究,探讨影响次生孔隙发育的地质因素并对异常高孔隙带进行预测。结果表明:次生孔隙发育的储层主要形成于曲流河、三角洲平原和三角洲前缘砂体,目前处于中成岩阶段A1亚期,发育中期溶蚀成岩相;从盆地边部到中心,早期压实相、早期胶结相、早期溶蚀相、中期溶蚀相、晚期溶蚀相和晚期胶结相呈环带状展布,在纵向上相邻的成岩相,在横向上也相邻,可称之为"成岩相律";泉三段Sq3异常高孔隙带主要分布在中央坳陷周围的边缘地区。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with