RAP掺量对热再生沥青混合料性能影响分析

为了确定热再生沥青混合料合理的旧沥青路面材料(RAP)掺量,依托浙江省102省道杭昱线(临安段)旧沥青路面厂拌热再生利用试验路,通过大量室内试验,进行了不同RAP掺量的热再生沥青混合料AC-20C的目标配合比设计和路用性能分析.研究结果表明,旧沥青中掺加5%的再生剂和70%的新沥青,再生后的调和沥青可以达到A-70#目标沥青的性能要求;随着RAP掺量的增加,热再生沥青混合料的总最佳油石比和新料最佳油石比线性增加,而新沥青用量线性减少;RAP掺量在20%~40%之间时,热再生沥青混合料的各项路用性能均满足规范的技术要求,且随着RAP掺量的增加,热再生混合料的高温稳定性呈指数关系增强,低温抗裂性、抗渗性和抗滑性呈线性减弱,水稳定性在RAP掺量为30%时达到最大.为此,按30%RAP掺量铺筑了试验路,经通车两年考验,取得了优良的应用效果.     

浅述厂拌热再生AC-20型沥青中面层配合比设计

我国的公路养护将成为新的热点,而利于环保、低成本高效率的旧沥青路面热再生技术为沥青路面养护提供了正确的方向。本文对厂拌热再生AC-20型沥青中面层配合比设计流程与注意要点进行阐述。     

温拌再生沥青混合料性能的试验研究

温拌再生是将沥青路面温拌技术与再生技术结合起来,从而大幅提高了再生沥青混合料中废旧沥青路面材料(RAP)的添加比例,高效利用了废旧沥青路面材料。通过对比研究温拌再生沥青混合料与热拌再生沥青混合料的高温性能、低温性能、水稳定性及疲劳性能,探讨通过温拌技术提高再生混合料中RAP添加比例的可行性。试验结果表明,温拌再生沥青混合料疲劳性能、低温性能优于热拌再生沥青混合料,而水稳定性与高温性能与热拌再生沥青混合料相当,采用温拌再生技术可以大幅提高再生混合料中RAP的添加比例。     

就地热再生技术在公路养护中的应用研究

通过对沥青路面材料(RAP)样品添加再生剂和掺加新拌AC-13沥青混凝土的方法进行就地热再生,并参照现行规范确定工程设计级配范围,进行再生剂剂量设计、矿料配合比设计,在再生混合料马歇尔相关试验的基础上得到沥青用量,经过配合比设计检验。得出添加再生剂掺量为3%以及占总料比例为10%新拌AC-13沥青混凝土不仅能满足热再生性能要求而且能满足所设计的再生沥青混合料各项技术指标满足规范的要求。     

浅谈厂拌热再生技术在公路养护中的应用

本文结合G109线沥青路面现场热再生工程,对厂拌热再生技术技术的工艺流程、机械设备、施工注意事项进行了阐述。厂拌热再生工程证明,通过有效的质量控制,厂拌热再生沥青路面的各项试验和检验指标可以达到普通全新沥青路面的技术和质量标准。目前沥青、碎石价格居高不下,也解决了沥青路面价格昂贵的问题。但是,对于甘肃省来说,厂拌热再生研究和应用工作才刚刚起步,还需要我们长期的试验和论证,在再生沥青路面长期的路用性能经受了足够的时间考验后,才能形成成熟的厂拌热再生沥青路面施工技术,才能得到广泛应用,真正做到节约资源,保护生态环境。     

考虑既有路面车辙状况的厂拌热再生沥青路面力学响应分析

为研究既有沥青路面车辙状况下厂拌热再生路面的动态力学响应，本文通过现场获取不同车辙深度的路面芯样，并室内制备不同RAP掺量的厂拌热再生沥青混合料，通过动态模量试验评价材料的力学性能；利用3D-Move Analysis有限元软件分析不同结构组合的厂拌热再生沥青路面动力响应。结果表明：动态荷载作用下，再生路面各沥青面层均出现了拉压交互和应力集中的现象，再生路面结构随着车辙发展深度的加深出现拉裂破坏等病害的风险增加，但一定的车辙发展深度有助于提高沥青路面的承载能力。RAP掺量和既有路面车辙发展深度的改变将会使路面结构的模量组合发生变化，再生路面结构力学响应受这两种因素影响较大。为减少再生路面结构的永久变形并提高其耐久性，应充分考虑再生层和既有路面中面层的模量组合，从而改善再生路面结构受力情况。     

拌和工艺参数对厂拌热再生混合料性能的影响

为探究拌和工艺参数对厂拌热再生混合料性能的影响规律,采用弯曲蠕变试验研究了回收沥青路面材料（RAP）与新集料拌和过程中不同拌和温度和时间的工艺组合对再生沥青混合料高低温性能的影响。研究表明,不同工艺组合拌制的再生混合料性能存在显著差异,低温性能和高温性能的影响规律相反,这与拌和过程中旧沥青性能状态变化有关;基于旧沥青的性能恢复效果与再生混合料的性能,建议拌和温度165 ℃、拌和时间150 s。     

基于RAP全掺量下再生温拌沥青混合料路用性能研究

为实现资源的循环利用,降低高温作用对沥青的二次老化,引入N24型再生剂、A型合成蜡类温拌剂对RAP全掺量下再生温拌AC-16C沥青混合料展开研究.通过RAP原材料试验,确定RAP的矿料级配及油石比.在再生剂、温拌剂及再生温拌沥青等原材料研究的基础上制备再生温拌沥青,评价不同再生剂掺量下再生温拌沥青性能的改善情况,同时确定再生剂掺量为4%、温拌剂掺量为3%时沥青混合料的施工温度.通过对再生温拌沥青混合料开展高温抗车辙、抗水损害及低温抗开裂等试验,评价再生剂掺量对再生温拌沥青混合料路用性能的影响.结果表明,RAP中的粗集料发生了细化,但整体矿料级配与原矿料目标级配相当,无需对RAP进行级配调整;再生剂掺量为4%时,再生沥青性可能恢复到原道路石油沥青水平;3%温拌剂的掺入,沥青混合料拌和及压实成型温度分别降低30、40℃;再生剂掺量为4%时,再生温拌沥青混合料整体路用性能最优.     

玄武岩纤维再生沥青混合料抗裂性能分析

为解决沥青路面常用的厂拌热再生技术存在掺量低,且容易发生早期病害(尤其是开裂病害)等问题,通过将玄武岩纤维掺入再生沥青混合料中来提高回收沥青路面材料(reclaimed asphalt pavement, RAP)的利用率,并改善其路用性能.单轴贯入试验、理想开裂试验和低温小梁弯曲试验结果表明,掺入玄武岩纤维后,再生沥青混合料的RAP掺量可由30%提高至50%,且综合路用性能更优.将玄武岩纤维用于再生沥青混合料,为再生沥青混合料的性能优化提供一个新的途径.     

厂拌热再生技术能耗与排放量化分析

针对旧路处理、新料生产、再生混合料生产以及再生混合料施工等4个阶段,从数据收集、计算等分析了沥青路面热再生技术的能源消耗及排放量化分析的方法与步骤,建立路面再生技术能源消耗与排放的量化分析模型,研究了沥青路面再生过程中总的能源消耗和气体排放量,计算了单位质量厂拌热再生沥青混合料生产及施工过程的总能耗和环境排放总量以及各生命周期阶段的能耗比和环境排放系数.结果表明:1 t厂拌热再生沥青混合料在4个阶段的总能耗较普通热拌沥青混合料降低19%,铺筑1 km厂拌热再生沥青路面中面层可减少2 645 kg等效CO2、43 kg等效SO2、87 kg等效1,4-二氯苯和143 kg颗粒物质的排放.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.