在役升降网架结构的力学性能检测与评估

结合公安部天津消防研究所试验馆升降网架结构,研究了老龄化升降网架结构力学性能的检测和评估方法.制定了一套检测方案,对网架结构的支座、吊点、整体挠度、锈蚀等情况进行了全面检测,分析了吊顶在升降过程中重要构件的应力变化.基于检测数据,建立了吊顶网架锈蚀前后的数值模型,分析了锈蚀厚度对不同工况下网架结构主要力学指标的变化情况.检测结果表明:网架基本情况较好,支座、吊点均连接稳固,整体最大挠度79,mm,满足要求.网架升降过程中,多数杆件处于弹性工作阶段,经过升降过程,能恢复到初始状态.4个吊点附近应力变化明显,部分杆件出现明显弯曲现象.进一步分析锈蚀模型,发现在起吊和未起吊两个工况下,网架的最大应力和最大位移均随着锈蚀厚度的增大呈现二次曲线增长.     

不同支座约束下网架结构的动力特性对比

为了论证网架在设计时应与下部结构进行整体计算的必要性,以三种支撑下(刚铰支座、弹性支座和柱子支撑)的双层正放四角锥矩形网架为研究对象,应用ANSYS对多个网架结构的挠度、压杆、拉杆进行对比研究,得出如下结论:刚铰支座与弹性支座、整体分析网架的杆件动静力分布规律截然不同,必须考虑下部结构刚度对网架杆件受力的影响,不可简单地简化为刚铰支座,否则设计极不安全; 以弹性支座网架模型代替整体分析网架模型有一定的可行性,二者在内力分布及大小较相近,但也有不少杆件应力偏差较大.     

损伤缺陷对矿山井架结构的力学影响分析

为了研究损伤缺陷对矿山井架结构的力学影响,利用ANSYS软件构建了结构的数值模型,分别考虑关键杆件局部锈蚀、局部弯曲、支座沉降和复合缺陷等工况,对其力学性能进行分析。研究表明:当锈蚀率达到35%时,结构的最大水平位移与初始结构相比增大了4.9%,但对最大应力影响较小。杆件弯曲和支座沉降对井架结构最大应力和水平位移的影响均较小。复合缺陷工况下,当弯曲量为60mm,锈蚀率为35%,支座沉降达到0.4°时,井架结构最大应力减小了4.2%,但水平位移增大了9.2%。综上所述,井架结构力学分析过程中须重点考虑复合损伤问题。     

大跨度混凝土悬挑空腹桁架结构地震响应研究

以某市规划展览馆工程为背景,对混凝土大跨度悬挑空腹桁架结构的地震响应进行详细分析研究。用有限元软件ANSYS和MIDAS,建立了包含框架柱、桁架、楼盖梁板的整体结构的空间力学模型,并对该模型作详细的反应谱分析和弹性时程分析。研究表明:结构X向、Y向布置未出现薄弱部位,双向地震作用耦合性不明显,结构的水平抗震性能良好;悬挑桁架竖向抗震能力较弱,且双向水平地震作用对悬挑端竖向位移的耦合性明显;悬挑桁架根部杆件的内力响应最大,为桁架抗震能力薄弱部位,地震影响不明显;悬挑桁架中部、端部杆件的地震影响显著,内力响应较小;进行抗震分析时,做双向水平地震、三维地震作用分析有其必要性。     

支承形式对正放四角锥网架抗火性能的影响

采用ANSYS非线性有限元分析软件,建立正放四角锥网架在高大空间火灾作用下的热-结构耦合有限元计算模型.考虑边界不同支座弹簧刚度的影响,对该模型在火灾均匀温度场中的全过程反应进行数值模拟计算,同时研究均匀升温条件下杆件的内力变化情况.结果表明:采用不同支承形式时,无论法向弹簧刚度多大,周边支承形式的网架结构临界温度均最高,具有更优越的抗火性能;采用同种支承形式的正放四角锥网架时,其法向弹簧刚度越大,临界温度越高;在升温过程中,法向弹簧刚度大小对同一上弦杆内力影响较小;均匀升温条件下,各上弦杆件内力呈现出由角部向跨中先减小后逐渐增大,沿网架边界由角部向中间逐渐减小的变化趋势,随着弹簧刚度的增大,内力最大杆的位置由角部转移到跨中.     

引水暗渠湿陷性黄土-灰土挤密桩复合地基动力特性

采用时程分析法,对湿陷性黄土地基引水暗渠灰土挤密桩单桩—土体模型的动力特性进行研究,结果表明:在水平地震荷载作用下,桩顶的位移最大,桩与土接触位置桩的位移比土的位移大,桩竖向中心节点的应力很小,桩侧土体应力大且沿径向增大,桩底土体应力随深度增大减小趋势不明显.这些变化规律为多桩与土相互作用时节点位移和应力的变化规律研究和群桩—土体模型是否产生群桩效应分析提供参照依据,同时为桩—土—上部结构共同作用分析提供基础理论.     

超载车辆作用对钢桁架梁式悬索桥的影响

针对钢桁架粱式悬索桥工程实例,通过Midas/Civil建立模型计算,运用子空间迭代法得出该桥型的动力特征;再以不同的荷载工况分析主缆和吊索的位移时程曲线及各杆件的内力变化.结果表明:车辆荷载作用下桥跨发生最大位移的部位在1/4跨处;当车辆单侧行驶时,较小荷载引起主缆两侧位移变化不大;随着车辆荷载的增大,未加载侧主缆位移变化明显小于加载侧主缆位移变化;桥梁端部吊杆与桥塔间距大于标准吊杆间距,车辆荷载作用下端部吊杆应力较大;桥梁最不利位置在端部支座位置处以及跨中位置,应重点监测桥梁端部吊杆及钢桁架下弦杆的应力变化,防止由此引起的重大事故发生.     

大型立式石油储罐考虑桩土作用地震响应分析

目的研究大型立式石油储罐-桩-土体系的动力响应,对比桩土间相互作用对上部储罐结构的影响.方法利用有限元软件ADINA建立桩-土-储罐三维整体模型,输入包含长周期在内的7条基岩地震波进行地震响应分析.结果考虑桩土相互作用后,基底剪力、基底弯矩、动液压力、罐壁有效应力均减小,但波高有所放大,且罐壁轴向应力增大明显,最大为刚性地基时的3.71倍;考虑桩土效应后,长周期地震动下储液罐的晃动波高、基底剪力、基底弯矩等动力响应均大于普通地震动作用下的结果,其中波高增大较大,最大为7.46倍;低储液量(25%)时,动力响应有所区别,表现为考虑桩土相互作用后,基底弯矩增大,储罐底板发生翘起.结论建议储罐的抗震设计中应考虑桩土相互作用与长周期地震动对储罐的影响,并在储罐薄弱部位进行加固处理.     

考虑土-桩筏基础-结构的共同作用的层间隔震结构地震响应

层间隔震结构是一种新型隔震体系,近年来其隔震性能受到各国学者关注.采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了层间隔震结构三维整体空间模型,考虑地基土-桩筏基础-上部结构的共同作用(soil-structure interaction,SSI),进行地震作用下的非线性动力响应分析.研究了考虑SSI前后的层间隔震结构体系振动特性及动力响应,通过改变基础底部不同土层性质、不同桩长,探讨各因素对考虑SSI的层间隔震结构的影响规律.结果表明:不考虑SSI的层间隔震结构基底剪力、各层位移明显大于考虑SSI的情况;基底采用硬土层时的基底剪力、各层位移大于采用软土层时的情况;深桩基础相比浅桩基础的周期小、基底剪力、顶点位移、各层位移均增大.     

考虑不均匀沉降的大跨网架结构地震反应分析

针对不均匀沉降对大跨网架结构地震反应的不利影响,提出在柱顶设置不同隔震支座以减小不均匀沉降下结构的地震反应.建立大跨网架结构数值模型,进行模态分析,对比其动力特性.耦合不均匀沉降与地震作用,数值分析得到未发生不均匀沉降和发生不均匀沉降的三种结构在水平地震和竖向地震作用下的动力反应.结果表明,不均匀沉降导致结构发生内力重分布,使不同类型的杆件有大小不同的附加应力;不均匀沉降增大了网架结构的地震反应,也降低了隔震效果;三维隔震支座的竖向刚度较小,能够适应不均匀沉降带来的竖向变形,且对竖向地震作用的隔震效果显著,在发生不均匀沉降时仍具有一定隔震效果,而水平隔震支座则没有.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the