基于影响因素分析的洪河湿地及周边农场退化评价

基于对洪河湿地退化的影响因素分析,采用层次分析法确定评价指标及各指标权重,进而用综合指标法对洪河湿地退化进行评价和退化分级。结果表明:洪河湿地退化的影响因素包括气温、大气降水量、湿地水质、湿地水量、水利工程建设和农场建造,其中水利工程建设与农场建造所占权重最大,分别为0.239与0.339;2014年洪河湿地周边各农场退化等级均为Ⅳ级,退化程度高,处于重度退化且有向极度退化发展的趋势;同年,洪河湿地保护区内综合评价指数降至0.811退化等级降为Ⅱ级,为轻度退化。为减缓湿地退化速率,应杜绝洪河湿地内耕地及排干渠扩建。     

基于粗糙集理论的淡水湖泊湿地生态系统健康评价研究

该文旨在通过构建淡水湖泊湿地生态健康评价指标体系,对比分析长江流域中的鄱阳湖、西洞庭湖、洪湖3个淡水湖泊湿地的生态系统健康状况.首先从水环境、土壤、生物、景观和社会等1级指标中列出13个2级指标,并利用粗糙集理论对13个指标进行约简,得到由5个1级指标和8个2级指标构成的湖泊湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系;然后运用层次分析法对1级指标进行主观赋权,以及采用基于信息粒度的属性重要度原理对2级核心指标进行客观赋权,再将2种权重组合起来得到评价指标的权重系数;最后通过加权和的方式计算出3个淡水湖泊湿地的综合健康指数,以便进行生态系统健康状况比较.研究结果表明:3个湖泊湿地生态系统的健康等级均为中等,综合健康指数排序为洪湖(6. 063)鄱阳湖(5. 997)西洞庭湖(5. 458).     

基于时空分布的阳澄湖营养化进程及其趋势

目的:研究阳澄湖营养状态变化.方法:基于2002-2012年的水质监测数据,以生态学指标(叶绿素a)、营养盐指标(总氮、总磷)及理化指标(高锰酸盐指数、透明度)作为评价因子,运用综合营养状态指数法和ArcGIS反距离权重插值法对时空分布下的阳澄湖营养程度进行了定量判别,并用spearman秩相关系数检验法对其变化趋势进行分析.结果:阳澄湖总体呈轻度富营养状态,TLI值西湖中湖东湖.年际间各湖区TLI值波动平稳,最大TLI值为60.7,出现在2008年的西湖.结论:整体变化大致可以分为直线上升、缓慢波动和水质转好3个阶段;空间上由西湖向东湖递减,南侧水质略优于北侧;湖泊营养状况总体得到好转,SD呈显著上升趋势,TN、TP和COD_(Mn)呈高度显著下降趋势,TLI呈显著下降趋势.     

白龟山湿地库区水质监测及评价

通过对白龟山湿地库区水质部分指标的监测,采用单因子分析评价法和综合水质标识指数法,对白龟山湿地库区的水质状况进行监测评价.结果表明;库区水质基本达到Ⅲ类水质标准,符合水源水水质要求;但5～6月份水质有轻度污染现象,须加强综合治理.     

基于模糊数学的扎龙湿地水质评价

为了建立适合于湿地的水质评价体系,将模糊数学的基本原理引入到湿地水质评价中,构建了湿地水质模糊综合评判模型,并以扎龙湿地为例进行了计算.评价结果证实,扎龙湿地从进水区、核心区到出水区污染程度有依次降低的趋势,这说明湿地对污染物有一定的净化作用.评价结果与实际对比,验证了评判模型的可靠性.关键词:模糊综合评判;水质评价;权重;扎龙湿地     

济南市地下水水质模糊综合评价

水质评价是一个复杂的多因素评价问题.本文针对济南市地下水的实际特点,应用模糊综合评价模型,采用灰色关联度确定初始权蘑,然后根据严重超标污染因子的超标系数对初始权重进行修订的方法确定权重,对济南市地下水水质进行丁综合评价.评价结果表明:济南市地下水总体水质较好,但有的实测点存在严重的硝酸盐超标,水质为m级,评价结果与实际情况相符.     

模糊数学法在抚河流域环境质量评价中的运用

以“十五”期间抚河流域地表水环境质量为研究对象,运用模糊数学评价法对9个监测断面和9个污染因子进行了综合评价。评价结果显示,抚河流域地表水环境质量总体状况良好,除2002年度西津渡断面、2004年度南城断面和2005年度南丰断面为Ⅲ级水质外,其它各年度和各断面的水质等级都处于Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级,符合功能区水环境质量标准;在各污染因子中COD、BOD5、挥发酚类对河流水质的贡献率较大。由此分析了相应的原因。     

基于PSR模型的包头黄河湿地分区生态健康评价

在参考国内外湿地生态系统健康评价体系、包头黄河湿地现状和"压力—状态—响应"(PSR)模型的基础上,从人为压力、自然压力角度选取7个压力指标;从自然环境、生态特征、湿地功能等方面选取11个状态指标;在考虑了人类健康、法律法规、教育、管理等因素后选取7个响应指标,共选出25项指标,构建了包头黄河湿地的健康评价指标体系.根据包头黄河湿地各个片区的特殊性、差异性进行了分区域研究,由于各指标在不同片区指标之间的相对重要程度不一样,运用层次分析法分别计算各片区权重,然后,运用模糊综合评价法对包头黄河湿地5个片区及整个区域进行湿地生态系统健康评价.结果显示:包头黄河湿地生态系统的健康指数为0.587,处于亚健康状态.昭君岛片区处于健康状态,其他片区均处于亚健康状态.各片区健康指数排名次序为昭君岛小白河南海共中海敕勒川.湿地生态系统健康体现在压力、状态、响应三个方面综合效应上,退化湿地恢复要根据不同区域,不同类型的健康指数,采取不同的措施.     

厦门汀溪水库富营养化评价方法初探

为合理评价水质的营养程度,采用水体综合营养状态指数(TLI)和卡尔森指标(TSI)对厦门汀溪水库2008年5月—2009年12月水质监测结果进行分析评价,结果表明:1)水库2009年的富营养化程度较2008年同期均有所加深,且2009年营养指数呈现波浪变化趋势;2)各营养指数总体变化趋势相同,TSIm均高于TSIc和TLI,TLI和TSIc数值上更为接近,但从营养指数指示的营养程度上看,TSIm与TLI指示的水体营养状态更为一致.因此当该水质营养程度较低时,采用TLI或TSIm指示水体的营养状态更为一致;而当该水质营养程度较高时,可以选择TSIm、TSIc或TLI来判断水体富营养化程度.     

2011—2020年太湖水质分析及综合评价研究

采用单项指标污染指数对2011—2020年太湖水体中的氨氮、总氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数水质指标进行分析,应用属性识别模型进行综合评价及变化趋势分析,并对现有的太湖综合营养状态相关信息进行汇总和分析.结果表明:太湖水体中的氨氮、总氮控制成效显著,指标浓度自2011年以来基本呈下降趋势;高锰酸盐指数、总磷指标浓度呈波动反复态...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with