具腋生花序的异叶岩桐属一新记录种（英文）

描述了产自厄瓜多尔南部和秘鲁北部的热带地区片段化生境下的异叶岩桐属Monopyle一新种。本种与异叶岩桐属其他物种的重要区别在于其具有明显凸出的红色毛被以及腋生的花序,同时本种在过去十多年前采集到的标本中很少被发现,因此需要关注他的保护问题。     

我国扁盾蝽属Eurygaster Laporte一新纪录

扁盾蝽属Eurygaster Laporte属于半翅目异翅亚目Hemiptera-Heteroptera盾蝽科Scutelleridae昆虫,至今我国只记录过一种。作者于1983年5月10日在呼和浩特市大青山(小井沟),采到本属另一种雄虫一头,经鉴定,并请苏联科学院动物研究所I.M.Kerzhner博士协助审定,本种为蒙扁盾蝽E.laeviuscula Jakovlev,系我国新纪录。     

安徽省地理分布新记录植物（二）

本文首次报道安徽地理分布新记录属4个,新记录种(包括变种)16个.这些植物的发现,不仅丰富了安徽省的植物区系成份、资源植物而且对植物分布区的进一步研究和正在编写中的《安徽植物志》提供新信息. 1.竹叶胡椒(Piper bambusaefolium Tseng)胡椒科胡椒属. 中国特有种.发现于祁门县之查湾、李家、龙潭寺、攀援于海拔320～830米的树干或岩石上,钱士心、陈仁钧10257号,1989.10.24.本属分布热带.本种分布于川、黔、鄂、赣;从我国西南经中部到东南部地区,祁门为本种分布的最北界.本种和属为安徽地理分布新记录.     

柃属植物1新种

报道了中国云南山茶科Theaceae柃属Eurya植物1新种,即马关柃Eurya makuanica Ye Chuangxing et Shi Xianggang。本种与无量山柃近似,区别在于本种叶薄革质至纸质,卵状椭圆形,顶端短尾尖,侧脉在上面明显凹陷,萼片与花瓣近圆形;而后者叶厚革质,矩圆形,顶端短尖,侧脉在两面皆隆起,萼片卵形。本种目前较为稀少,仅发现于云南省马关县卡上林场附近山林中。     

我国东海小笠藤壶一种新记录(甲壳纲、围胸目)

本文描述了我国东海小笠藤壶属的一种新记录。多肋小笠藤壶[Tetraclitella multicostata(Nilsson-Gantell,1930)]在我国东海的首次发现,扩大了本种在我国近海的分布区域。本种见于我国东海浪岗列岛高潮带,附着于生活在阴湿处岩缝中的龟足[Pollicipes mitella(Linnaeus,1758)]壳板上,是罕见种。     

我国东海小笠藤壶一种新记录(甲壳纲、围胸目)

本文描述了我国东海小笠藤壶属的一种新记录。多肋小笠藤壶[Tetraclitella multicostata(Nilsson-Cantell,1930)]在我国东海的首次发现,扩大了本种在我国近海的分布区域。本种见于我国东海浪岗列岛高潮带,附着于生活在阴湿处岩缝中的龟足[Pollicipes mitella(Linnaeus,1758)]壳板上,是罕见种。     

中国西藏菲隐翅虫属一新种

记述中国西藏菲隐虫属一新种：姚氏菲隐翅目,本种与缅甸,印度种相似,但后颊与眼背面观纵径约等长,前胸略横宽,前跗节在雄性几不膨大,与之有别,本种采集环境不明,已知仅分布西藏的模式产地,种名源于正模采集者的姓。     

大青山棘豆——棘豆属一新种

大青山棘豆──棘豆属一新种赵一之，朱宗元（内蒙古大学生物学系，０１００２１，呼和浩特；内蒙古乌兰察布盟科学技术委员会，０１２０００，集宁）大青山棘豆（新种）图１本种与硬毛棘豆相近，但植株被长柔毛；花序卵状；苞片卵状披针形；小叶庆７～２０ｍｍ，叶脉不显...     

云南异燕麦属新分类群

本种与变绿异燕麦相近、但本种植株被白色长柔毛,花序下部各节分枝为8枚或更多,分枝下部很少裸露,常有单生小穗混生等特征,易于区别。 2 少节异燕麦 新变种 Helictotrichon virescens (Nees ex Steud. ) Henr. var. paucinodum B S Sunet S. Wang, var. nov. A typo differt culmis non nisi 2～3-nodis, foliis basalibus numerosis. Yunnan (云南): Kunming (昆明), alt. 1950m, by field, 27 V 1982 Li Keming (李克明) a 8-b (Type in YUNU) 本变种与原变种区别在于:秆仅具2～3节,基生叶多(原变种秆具4节或更多,基生叶少)。     

野沙梨生态地理学的研究

野沙梨被列为国家珍稀濒危树种。它的分布区类型属于热带印度至华南，特别是西南分布成分。从其分布区类型和形态特征上推断本种为残遗种，起源地可能就在劳亚古陆的南部，当今它的分布区这一范围内。本文讨论了本种的生长环境，生长特性，发育规律，并对其群落组成进行了记载和统计分析，认为其群落特点相似于热带雨林群落。此外，还分析了本种濒危的的原因。     

广东汕尾凹顶藻类(红藻门)的形态分类学研究

为了解中国南海北部凹顶藻物种的多样性以及加快该地的凹顶藻属物种资源开发和利用,本研究利用形态学和解剖学方法,对采自广东汕尾的大型海洋红藻凹顶藻类(Laurencia Complex)进行分类学研究。经鉴定共发现4个物种,即波状软凹藻(Chondrophycus undulatus (Yamada)Garbary et Harper)、凹顶藻(Laurencia chinensis Tseng)、三列凹顶藻(Lt.risticha Tseng,Chang,Xia et Xia)和小瘤栅凹藻(Palisada parvipapillata (Tseng)Nam)。文中对此4种凹顶藻类物种的内、外部形态特征进行了较详细的描述与介绍,并结合生物冷冻切片技术,获得了各个物种较清晰的解剖学特征图片,对未来凹顶藻类物种的鉴定提供一定分类学意义。     

Morphological evolution from aquatic to terrestrial in the genus Oreolalax （Amphibia, Anura, Megophryidae）

A phylogeny of 17 species in the genus Oreolalax is reconstructed based on 21 morphological characters from adult specimens, skeleton specimens, tadpoles and eggs. Four species groups are recognized, of which the O. rugosus species group is the most primitive, the O. weigoldi species group is the second, the O. omeimontis species group is the third and the O. pingii species group is the most recently diversified. Based on the evolutional tendency of the morphological characters on the phylogenetic tree, it is proposed that the evolution of tympanum, tympanic annulus, columella, spoon-like cartilage and the web between toes reflect the habit changes from aquatic to terrestrial. Thus, Oreolalax is regarded as one important representative genus to study further the evolution of morphological characters from aquatic to terrestrial.     

河北秦皇岛仙菜科Ceramiaceae红藻的分类研究

仙菜科Ceramiaceae是重要的海洋大型红藻类群,具有重要的研究价值和经济价值,但因其个体微小脆弱、形态多变等,分类上还存在许多不足。本研究利用生物冷冻切片及显微拍照等技术,通过形态解剖方法,对2019-2021年采自我国秦皇岛沿岸海域的仙菜科红藻进行分类学研究。经鉴定,样品中包括仙菜属Ceramium 3种,即波登仙菜Ceramium boydenii Gepp、三叉仙菜C.kondoi Yendo和孙氏仙菜(新拟名)C.sungminbooi J.R.Hughey et G.H.Boo,其中孙氏仙菜为我国新纪录种;对丝藻属Antithamnion 1种,即多姿对丝藻Antithamnion defectum Kylin;绢丝藻属Callithamnion 1种,即绢丝藻Callithamnion corymbosum(Smith)Lyngbye。本文对新纪录种及其他物种进行详细的形态特征描述,提供了解剖学特征图片及生物地理分布信息等内容。研究结果丰富了中国仙菜科的物种多样性。     

凹尾拟鲿(Pseudobagrus emarginatus)——长江上游中国鲇类一有效种(硬骨鱼纲:鲿科)

对中国鲿科鱼类系统分类学研究中发现,凹尾拟鲿为一不同于细体拟鲿(P. pratti)的有效种,仅分布于长江上游。凹尾拟鲿胸刺前缘光滑无锯齿,颌须较短,后伸不超过胸鳍起点,本属中同时具有这两个特征的还包括18个有效种。在这18个物种中,乌苏里拟鲿(P. ussuriensis)、长脂拟鲿(P. adiposalis)、短尾拟鲿(P. brevicaudatus)和越南拟鲿(P. kyphus)与凹尾拟鲿一样,具有中等分叉的尾鳍。凹尾拟鲿与乌苏里拟鲿和长脂拟鲿的区别在于游离脊椎骨数目和背刺长短等性状上,与短尾拟鲿和越南拟鲿在背刺后缘程度、枕骨棘与项背骨间的间距上存在差异。凹尾拟鲿与细体拟鲿在形态上最为相似,但在体高、背鳍前长、脂鳍高及尾柄高等性状上存在差别。同时,在颅骨、犁骨、项背骨及腰带等骨骼特征上也存在较大差异。     

Speciation of the genus Arthricocephalus Bergeron, 1899 (Trilobita) from the late Early Cambrian and its stratigraphic significance

The genus Arthricocephalus Bergeron, 1899 is revised, and Halipanktos Balker & Peel, 1997 is suggested here as a senior synonym. The subgenus Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalites) Chien & Lin in Lu et al., 1974 is considered as a separate genus. Of the 20 previously assigned species of Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalus) Bergeron, 1899, Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalites) Chien & Lin in Lu et al., 1974, Arthricocephalus (Euarthricocephalus) Ju, 1983 are lumped into eight species. The speciation trend of Arthricocephalus and Arthricocephalites is demonstrated based on their stratigraphic occurrences. It not only enhances the resolution of the biostatigraphic zonation in the uppermost Lower Cambrian, but also represents a potential candidate to define the Duyunian stage. The base of the stage is suggested at the first appearance datum (FAD) of Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899 within the evolutionary lineage from Ar. jiangkouensis Yin in Yin & Li,1978 to Ar. chauveaui in a global scale.     

Evolution of the serum resistance-associated SRA gene in African trypanosomes

Serum resistance-associated (SRA) protein, a protein unique for Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, is responsible for resistance of this parasite to the lysis by normal human serum (NHS) and is a vital molecular marker to distinguish this species from other African trypanosomes. We cloned and sequenced the SRA basic copy (SRAbc) gene from T. b. rhodesiense and related species and found that this gene is confined to the subgenus Trypanozoon. The average 82% identity among the sequenced SRAbc genes indicates that they may have a common origin and are highly conserved. Since SRAbc coexists in the T. b. rhodesiense genome with SRA, we propose that SRAbc might be the ‘donor VSG’, which after duplication became inserted into the expression site by recombination. Under natural selection, SRAbc could reform into SRA following mosaic formation. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30570245, 30670275), Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No. DPCKSCU/IRT0447), International Foundation for Science of Sweden (Grant No. B/4318-1), Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Grant No. Z60220518) and Education Foundation of the Czech Republic (Grant No. 2B06129)     

Speciation of the genus Arthricocephalus Bergeron, 1899 (Trilobita) from the late Early Cambrian and its stratigraphic significance

The genus Arthricocephalus Bergeron, 1899 is revised, and Halipanktos Balker & Peel, 1997 is suggested here as a senior synonym. The subgenus Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalites) Chien & Lin in Lu et al., 1974 is considered as a separate genus. Of the 20 previously assigned species of Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalus) Bergeron, 1899, Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalites) Chien & Lin in Lu et al., 1974, Arthricocephalus (Euarthricocephalus) Ju, 1983 are lumped into eight species. The speciation trend of Arthricocephalus and Arthricocephalites is demonstrated based on their stratigraphic occurrences. It not only enhances the resolution of the biostatigraphic zonation in the uppermost Lower Cambrian, but also represents a potential candidate to define the Duyunian stage. The base of the stage is suggested at the first appearance datum (FAD) of Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899 within the evolutionary lineage from Ar. jiangkouensis Yin in Yin & Li,1978 to Ar. chauveaui in a global scale.     

Asian origin for Polystichum （Dryopteridaceae） based on rbcL sequences

Chloroplast rbcL sequences of 60 species of Polystichum sensu lato (s.l.), including 23 new sequences from southwest China, were used to assess the phylogenetic relationships within the genus. On the basis of estimated evolution rate of rbcL gene and the genetic distance data that passed relative-rate tests, we further estimated the divergence times between some clades of the genus. The phylogenetic relationships were inferred using the neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony methods, both methods producing trees with completely congruent topology. These trees reveal that all species of Polystichum s.l. in this study (including Cyrtomium and Cyrtomidictyum) form a monophyletic group. The basal split in Polystichum s.l. separates a clade with all Asian members from a clade containing other species from all over the world. The phylogenetic and divergence time estimation results lead us to suggest that Polystichum s.l. originated in Asia in the late Late Cretacous (≈76 Ma) and migrated into other places in the world in early Eocene(≈46 Ma).     

中国白肩天蛾属记述与一新记录种(鳞翅目:天蛾科)

白肩天蛾属(Rhagastis RothschildJordan,1903)在中国分布有9种.于2017年上半年和2018年上半年分别对贵州荔波县茂兰自然保护区和海南乐东县尖峰岭地区进行考察并采集到一些天蛾标本.在对长喙天蛾族(Macroglossini Harris,1839)的标本进行整理之后发现,其中一些标本为宽缘白肩天蛾(Rhagastis acuta Walker,1856),这是该种首次在中国境内被记录.对该新记录种雄性成虫的形态进行了描述且附图,并对中国白肩天蛾属目前已知的种类进行了记述.     

网箱养殖卵形鲳鲹鱼体寄生虫初步调查

【目的】为给卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)健康养殖提供理论依据和技术支持,调查其养殖过程中鱼体寄生虫种类。【方法】以防城港和北海网箱养殖卵形鲳鲹为对象,通过现场调查、肉眼检查、镜检观察等方法对卵形鲳鲹体表、鳃、内脏等组织进行寄生虫检查并分类鉴定。【结果】共检出5种寄生虫:刺激隐核虫Cryptocaryon irritans、拟德式吸虫Pardeontacylix McIntosh、本尼登虫Benedenia Diesing、淀粉卵甲藻Amyloodinium ocellatum和车轮虫Trichodibna Ehren berg,感染率分别为27.8%,8.1%,3.3%,16.4%,18%。【结论】寄生虫在卵形鲳鲹的养殖过程中存在,且种类繁多,已成为影响卵形鲳鲹健康养殖的主要因素之一。