$P_n$和$C_n^k$的Ramsey数

称Fk为图F的k幂次图,如果V(Fk)=V(F),且Fk中的任意两个顶点相邻当且仅当在F中的距离至多为k.给定图G和H,Ramsey数R(G,H)为最小的正整数N,使得完全图KN的任意红蓝-边着色都会含有一个红色的子图G或者蓝色的子图H.证明了渐近阶R(Pn,Ckn)=(n-1)(χ(Ckn)-1)+σ(Ckn)+o(n),其中k是常数.     

一些扫帚图的Ramsey数

给定图G,Ramsey数R(G)是最小的正整数N,满足对完全图K_N的边任意红蓝着色,则或者存在红色子图G或者存在蓝色子图G.扫帚图B_(k,m)是将星图K_(1,k)的中心点与路Pm的一个端点黏成一个点得到的树图.由此得到,当k为大于1的正整数时,R(B_(k,2k-1))=4k-2且R(B_(k,4))=2k+3.     

对角Ramsey数R(20,20)的新下界

利用4k+1型素数构造Paley图,探索对角Ramsey数的下界,计算得到一个新的结果R(20,20)≥18557.     

扇形图与匹配图的临界星图Ramsey数

对于完全图Kn和一个额外的顶点v,通过在v与Kn之间添加k条边所得出的图,记为KnK1,k.设G和H是任意的图,临界星图Ramsey数r*(G,H)定义为最小的正整数k,使得图KN-1K1,k的任意红蓝2-边着色,或者存在单色的红色子图G,或者存在单色的蓝色子图H,这里N指的是Ramsey数r(G,H).文中找到了r(Fn,mK2)的所有临界图,利用这些临界图得到了临界星图Ramsey数r*(Fn,mK2)=m+1,nm≥1,以及r*(Fn,mK2)=2 m,n≤m,这里Fn=K1+nK2是扇形图.     

关于路和圈的3-色Ramsey数

对于给定的图G_1,G_2,…,G_k,k≥2,k-色Ramsey数R(G_1,G_2,…,G_k)是指最小的正整数n,使得对n个点的完全图进行任意的k-边染色,总是存在某个染i色的单色图G_i,1≤i≤k.对G_1=G_2=P_m,G_3=C_n的情况进行了研究,得到了n较大时的3-色Ramsey数R(P_m,P_m,C_n)的准确值.     

边Ramsey上界研究

对于无向有限简单图G和H,边Ramsey数R(C,H)是指最小的整数e,使得对一个有e条边的图的边用红蓝两色进行2-染色后要么得到一个红色的G,要么得到一个蓝色的H.通过分支定界法,得到一些边Ramsey数的上界.     

2个经典Ramsey数的新下界

利用一般循环图计算Ramsey数下界,构造2个循环图,得到2个经典Ramsey数R(3,t)的新下界:R(3,30)≥188,R(3,41)≥272.     

12个经典二色Ramsey数R(k,l)的新下界

二色经典Ramsey数R(k,l)是指具有下述性质的最小正整数r:用两种颜色把r 阶完全图Kr的边任意染色后, Kr中一定存在单色的Kk或Kl, 其存在性的证明并不困难,但具体的Ramsey数的计算却是组合数学中非常困难的问题[1]. 当今学术界关于Ramsey数研究的最新进展详见文献[2]动态综述论文.本文沿用文献[3～7]的方法,构造12个素数阶循环图,得到12个二色经典Ramsey数的新下界.研究简报如下.     

推广的 Ramsey 数的上界估计

设f1,f2,…,fk是关于图的一些参数.该文运用归纳法给出了一般化的Ramsey数r(f1≥n1,f2≥n2,…,fk≥nk)一个一般的上界估计.同时讨论了混合Ramsey数叭v(f;m;H)在一定条件下的一个上界,并给出了在取特殊参数xF情况下混合Ramsey数的一个准确表达式.     

Ramsey数R4（6）的新下界

推广Mathon的方法，并对4色完全图K929进行研究，得到Ramsey数R4(6)的新下界：R4(6)≥3721．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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