非线性波浪对结构物的冲击作用

以紊流运动方程－－雷诺时均方程为控制方程,基于流体体积法（ＶＯＦ）对浪溅区结构物所受的波浪冲击作用进行了数模研究,入射波为椭和弦波,２三阶迎风左分格式来离散控制方程的对流项,加入了ｋ－ε紊流模型及在近壁区应用壁函数,通过对不同波浪参数,结构物尺度、结构物与静水面的距离等情形的数值计算成果的比较分析,得到了非线性波浪对结构物底面的冲击压力分布特征,讨论了结构物离开水面的距离Ｓ等参数的波浪冲击压力的影     

波浪对弹性支撑结构物冲击作用试验研究

位于浪溅区的弹性结构物的上部结构可能会受到幅值很大、历时较短的波浪冲击荷载.高强度的瞬时冲击荷载作用以及由它引起的结构振动响应往往是导致结构损坏的主要原因.通过物理模型试验,研究了波浪对弹性支撑平板结构的冲击作用.试验中设计了3种不同支撑刚度的结构物模型,对结构物底面所受的波浪冲击压力和结构物振动加速度响应进行了同步观测.分析了支撑刚度对冲击压力和结构振动的影响,以及结构物所受的波浪冲击压力与对应时段振动加速度之间的关系.试验结果表明,结构物支撑刚度越大,其所受的冲击压力也越大,对应时段的振动加速度幅值也越大.     

随机波浪对浪溅区三维结构物冲击作用试验研究

通过物理模型试验研究了随机波浪对位于浪溅区三维结构物的冲击作用.试验波浪为单向随机波.试验中波浪分别从正向(波向角β＝0°)和斜向(β＝15°、30°、45°)入射,入射波波高H1/3=7.5～20 cm,谱峰周期Tp=0.75～2.0 s,模型相对净空s与入射波高H1/3之比为0～0.5.对不同试验组次试验数据的统计分析比较得出:正向波和斜向波作用于结构物底面的冲击压力特征值,中部大、周围小;波浪冲击压力等值线基本上垂直对称分布于波向线两侧;结构物所受波浪冲击力随入射波波高增大而增大,对应相对板宽的变化出现2个峰值,在相对净空s/H1/3为0.1和0.2时到达最大值.     

不规则波对透空式建筑物上部结构冲击作用时域分析

对透空式建筑物上部结构的不规则波冲击作用进行了试验研究．试验靶谱是JONSWAP谱，试验中选取的入射波波高H1/3的范围为0．10～0．25m，谱峰周期Tp的范围为1．0～2．0s，结构物底面距静水面的高度s与入射波高H1/3之比的范围为-0．1～0．4．给出了不同试验组次的结构物底面所受波浪冲击压力的统计分析结果，得出结构物底面所受波浪冲击压力的特征值沿结构物底面分布特性．s／H1/3对作用于结构物底面的冲击压力峰值有很大影响，冲击压力峰值最大值出现在s／H1/3=0．1～0．2．     

基于SPH-FE方法的波浪中结构物动力特性模拟研究

海工结构物在波浪荷载作用下产生动力响应,本文基于光滑粒子流体动力学-有限元(SPH-FE)耦合方法对结构物受孤立波冲击过程中表面压力分布和动力响应特性进行研究.通过溃坝模型模拟了水柱倒塌冲击结构物的过程,分析SPH模型中粒子间距对数值结果的影响,并通过与文献结果对比验证了本文数值方法的可行性.在此基础上研究水柱高度、水柱与结构物间距及结构物刚度对波浪到达时间、结构动力响应和波浪冲击荷载特性的影响.研究结果表明:在本文计算条件下,波浪到达结构物的时间与溃坝初始水柱高度关系不明显,但随水柱与结构物间距的增大而线性增加;结构物顶端位移响应幅值随水柱高度、水柱与结构物间距及结构物刚度的变化较明显;结构物所受波浪冲击荷载与水动力作用呈正相关关系;当水动力作用相同,结构刚度增大时,结构物底端所受波浪力会增大.     

基于OpenFOAM的弧板式透空堤水动力特性数值研究

为探讨一种弧板式透空堤的水动力特性,基于OpenFOAM建立了波浪与弧板式透空堤相互作用数值模型,探讨了弧板式透空堤的消浪特性、压强特性及流场分布情况.结果表明:本次数值试验范围内,波浪对弧板式透空堤的透射系数随相对板宽的增大而减小,反射系数则相反.弧板式透空堤上下表面所受波浪正压强与负压强分布呈现对称特性,且大部分工况下的波浪压强极值发生在结构物偏迎浪向一侧的测点位置处.弧板式透空堤位于静水面及以上时,消浪效果明显优于其位于静水面以下.弧板式透空堤对其周围流场影响显著,在其迎浪向与背浪向位置均产生较为明显的漩涡.     

波浪作用下墩柱结构物涂层界面气泡演化规律

为研究波浪低频往复冲击作用下墩柱结构物浪溅区涂层的力学剥蚀因素,分析波浪周期、波高和气泡直径对涂层剥蚀的影响,基于ABAQUS/Standard分析模块,建立了考虑波浪周期、波高和气泡直径的三维数值模型,模拟了波浪作用过程中结构物/涂层界面的气泡损伤演化过程。结果表明：涂层界面气泡应变和影响范围与波高的关系为线性正相关,且基本不受波浪周期的影响,但波浪周期越小,其波浪力作用的频率越快,并在周期时达到最大值;应变和影响范围随气泡直径的增大而增大,而气泡直径越小,其应变分布（椭圆的形状）越规则,波高越大、周期越短、气泡直径越大,气泡越容易破裂,墩柱结构物的涂层越容易被剥蚀。     

局部气垫双体船在规则波中的运动研究

结合模型试验和数值计算两种方法研究了局部气垫双体船在迎浪规则波中的运动.首先,通过模型试验对气垫压力进行监测,记录了其随波浪的变化情况,并与其他参数进行对比,得到了不同运动随波浪的变化规律;然后,采用数值计算方法对其在波浪中的运动响应进行预报,记录了气垫舱室内的速度矢量和自由液面变化,并将计算结果和试验现象进行对比分析.结果表明:气垫压力随波浪的周期性变化规律与升沉、纵摇运动相反,与加速度相同;数值计算能够对各个运动的周期性振荡进行合理的预报,且各运动参数的幅值响应在高频区具有相当的精度,但数值计算对纵摇响应的预报误差较大,须要改善气囊形式提高精度.     

源造波法在三维完全非线性数值波浪水槽中的应用

为消除波浪在水槽出流边界的反射及波浪遇到结构物后在入射边界形成的二次反射,基于时域高阶边界元方法建立三维完全非线性数值波浪水槽模型:利用源造波法产生入射波浪,采用人工阻尼层技术消除波浪反射及二次反射;建立水槽的格林函数并应用于整个计算域,消除水槽两侧壁和底面的积分,减少了计算量.利用所建模型分别对规则波和不规则波的数值实验表明,数值结果与理论解吻合良好,且在出流边界和入射边界均无反射现象.     

基于非静压方程的波浪与孔隙结构物相互作用模拟

通过将Darcy-Forchheimer运动方程引入非静压方程中,提出了描述孔隙流体运动的非静压波浪模型.将所建立的数学模型应用到波浪与孔隙结构物相互作用的数值模拟中,并采用物理实验的实验值与数值解进行了对比,结果表明,所建立的模型在垂向只需要较少层数(2~3层)即可合理地描述孔隙结构物前后的波浪变形,为描述波浪与结构物相互作用提供了一种新的解决方案.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that