北斗三号B1频点卫星导航信号的调制复用及实际接收性能

导航信号结构是卫星导航系统的核心技术之一,也是我国北斗三号卫星导航系统独立建设、自主运行的标志.本文分析了北斗三号B1频点卫星导航信号设计的需求与挑战,详细介绍了为满足北斗三号新一代导航信号性能提升、多样化接收以及与其他导航系统兼容与互操作等方面的迫切需求,我们为北斗三号主用信号B1C提出了一种新型的正交复用二进制载波偏移(Quadrature Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier,QMBOC)调制技术,以及为解决北斗三号B1频点新旧两代和军民两类导航信号并存的重大技术难题,提出了一种通用的多频多分量导航信号恒包络复用(CEMIC)技术,并通过对北斗三号组网卫星实际播发的信号接收处理与分析,验证了新一代B1频点信号的先进性能.QMBOC调制和CEMIC复用构成了北斗三号B1信号的核心结构,在很大程度上决定了信号的时频域特性、接收性能及发射效率,目前已经部署在北斗三号所有的组网卫星上并开始向全球提供服务,成为北斗三号赶超世界先进水平的重要特征.     

北斗卫星导航系统多路径效应分析

多路径效应对于卫星导航一直是难以有效克服的问题,近年来一直是国内外相关学者们致力研究的重要课题。本文利用某型高精度监测接收机在(23°17′N,116°40′E)对北斗卫星的观测数据,分析了北斗系统IGSO、GEO以及MEO这3种类型卫星观测数据的多路径效应。结果表明:北斗系统的卫星高度角与其多路径值成负相关;北斗系统的卫星频点B1和频点B2的多路径值变化情况基本相同;北斗系统的卫星多路径值在高度角低于30°时波动较大。     

北斗导航卫星伪距偏差特性及减弱方法

导航卫星信号的非理想特性会引起伪距测量产生偏差,具体表现为相同类型接收机具有相同伪距偏差,不同类型接收机的伪距偏差不一致.当提供导航定位服务产品的接收机技术状态与用户端不一致时,伪距偏差将引起导航定位服务性能降低.本文利用超短基线双差伪距O?C(Observation Minus Computation)方法计算了BDS(Beidou Satellite Navigation System)的伪距偏差,发现在早期试验卫星阶段的不同状态接收机之间存在较大的伪距偏差现象,设计了接收机环路参数调整、改变抗多径算法和卫星预失真滤波器参数调整三种减弱伪距偏差的方法.分别试验验证结果表明,接收机环路参数调整能大幅降低卫星之间的伪距偏差,B1I各颗卫星伪距偏差标准差由0.63 m降低至0.36 m;抗多径算法会造成额外的伪距偏差,窄相关算法能大幅减小伪距偏差,B1I各颗卫星伪距偏差标准差由0.36 m降低至0.18 m;调整卫星预失真滤波器参数能在一定程度上减小伪距偏差,单颗卫星伪距偏差降低约0.3–0.4 m.最后,针对BDS卫星伪距偏差解算无固定参考基准的问题,设计了一种基于外频标非实时双差O?C方法,利用该方法分别处理了BDS和GPS(Global Positioning System)数据,并对两个系统卫星伪距偏差的特性进行比较分析.结果表明,BDS和GPS卫星都存在伪距偏差;GPS卫星L2C伪距偏差与BDS-3卫星B1C数据支路相当;GPS卫星L1CA伪距偏差与其兼容互操作的BDS-3卫星B1C导频支路相当;L5C与其兼容互操作的BDS-3卫星B2a信号相比伪距偏差更大.     

脉冲干扰对北斗B1I信号接收机影响

目前,脉冲发射型电子设备的广泛应用对导航接收机的可靠运行构成了一定威胁。为了有效评估脉冲干扰对北斗B1I信号接收机的影响,结合B1I信号谱特性,提出了一种新的干扰分类方法,导出了干扰条件下相关器输出功率的解析表达式,并分析了其对捕获、跟踪的影响。仿真结果表明:脉冲占空比和干扰功率越大,对接收机的不利影响越显著,然而,不同干扰类型下脉冲持续时间对接收机影响呈现一定差异,同时,载波频率误差与接收机接收性能呈正相关特性。可见针对B1I的结果与国内外GPS L1一致性良好,验证了导出模型的有效性。     

机载导航设备中基于自适应对消的DME脉冲干扰抑制方法

GPSL5信号作为GSP现代化的一部分,是专为民用航空而设置的,它与我国北斗星导航系统所用的B2a信号共用同一频段,共同组成未来的全球导航卫星系统(GNSS).L5信号面临已有航空无线电设备的干扰,其中测距仪设备(DME)对GPS L5和B2a信号所在频段造成了不可忽视的脉冲干扰.提出一种基于自适应对消的DME干扰抑制方法,充分利用机载DME天线所接收到的信息,对机载GPS接收机中的DME干扰进行估计和重构,进而进行抑制,避免了传统方法造成的数据损失问题.     

GNSS导航型接收机动态单点定位性能对比测试方法

为改善接收机自身定位性能,提高市场竞争力,全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)导航型接收机研制过程中需进行大量的定位测试和对比分析.动态情况下,接收机运动轨迹和实际接收的卫星信号质量实时变化,因此,传统的信号模拟器仿真测试方法不足以真实地反映接收机的定位性能.为反映各接收机的实际动态单点定位性能并能进行接收机对比研究,设计了一...     

GNSS信号兼容捕获算法

目前卫星导航定位系统正在从单一的GPS时代向多星座并存的GNSS时代转移,多星座兼容的卫星导航接收机将会成为未来接收机产品的主流.常用的伪码频域和时域捕获算法,虽可以实现特定系统的伪码信号的快速捕获,但对于处理多个系统、多种调制方式、不同码长的卫星信号而言,尚存在一定的局限性.本文将提出一种应用于GNSS兼容接收机的通用信号快速捕获方法.经实际测试表明,该算法实现了兼容捕获GPS,GLONASS,Galileo和COMPASS等GNSS信号,可以对不同类型的卫星导航信号进行快速捕获,具备较高的实用价值.     

北斗B1频点公开服务信号调制方式研究

在全球卫星导航系统中B1/L1频点（1575.42MHz）是互操作频点,GPS和Galileo系统在此频点设计了L1C和E1OS信号.在北斗导航系统第三阶段信号初步方案中在此频点的公开信号B1C设计为具有导频和数据通道的MBOC（6,1,1/11）（Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier,简称为MBOC）调制方式,与L1C和E1OS具有互操作性,但是其兼容性、实现方式、导航性能还有待进一步研究.为此本文讨论了北斗B1C信号的设计原则,进而提出一种通道间复合的二进制码符号（Binary Coded Symbol,简称为BCS）调制方式（Composite Binary Coded Symbols between Channels,简称为CBCSC）.给出了一种具有良好性质的BCS调制码形,对比分析在此BCS调制基础上设计的CBCSC调制方案和MBOC的性能.根据分析得出的结论为CBCSC调制方式在兼容性、接收性能、实现复杂度等方面优于MBOC调制.     

多模卫星导航信号误差分析

多模卫星导航接收机信号模拟器关键技术涉及对导航信号误差的模拟.基于对目前全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)技术发展状况的了解和对系统的脆弱性分析,从影响接收机定位精度的数据源信号及信号传输过程中的误差特性入手,逐一对误差的性质、大小及对测量产生的影响进行了详细研究,给出静态误差模型的具体计算过程.最后介绍了高动态环境下误差模型的一般研究方法.     

导航接收机数字化射频前端的设计与验证

针对传统导航接收机射频前端在实现多频点信号接收时复杂度高、灵活性差的问题,提出了一种基于直接射频采样的数字化射频前端设计方法．该方法针对整个导航频段信号主要集中在低频和高频2个频段的特点,将这2个频段视为2个整体的带通信号,通过多带通信号采样率选择算法选定射频直采的采样率;由于采样率较高,设计了一种滤波抽取网络来降低数据速率,它利用了射频直采专用A／D可输出半采样率数据的特性,最终实现了各频点导航信号的下变频和分离．该设计方法只需修改软件就可实现多频信号接收,使得系统灵活性大大增加．实验证明该方法是有效的．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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