超细片层NbTi/TiNi记忆合金复合材料的制备与功能特性

基于NbTi-TiNi共晶型相变,经成分分析,通过电弧熔炼制备几种具有NbTi和TiNi记忆合金铸态双相组织的NbTiNi合金。这种合金是一种原位自生的NbTi/TiNi记忆合金复合材料,具有复合比可控(通过调整Ni或Nb含量)、可逆马氏体相变温度可调(通过调整Ti/Ni比例)的特点。通过对其辅以常规的锻造、拔丝等大变形工艺加工,使NbTi和TiNi组元细化至微米级别,进一步得到复合组元比表面大、分布均匀、界面强度高的超细片层NbTi/TiNi记忆合金复合丝材料。通过热膨胀仪和万能拉伸试验机对其进行热膨胀和力学性能测试。结果表明,该复合材料不但具有很高的屈服强度(超过1.6 GPa),还具有负膨胀点记忆效应、应变软模效应等新功能特性。     

TiNi形状记忆合金低速冲击响应行为的研究

利用单摆冲击试验设备，对TiNi合金不同冲击能量及温度条件下的冲击响应行为进行了研究。冲击过程中的接触载荷由压力传感器及数字信号处理系统实时测量。根据接触载荷数据，可计算得到接触载荷与样品表面变形的关系。结果表明，同一冲击高度时，随温度升高马氏体TiNi合金的最大接触载荷增加，而接触时问降低；母相TiNi合金的最大接触载荷随冲击高度的增加会出现载荷平台段即伪弹变形段，处于平台段时母相TiNi合金吸收冲击能量，且不产生不可恢复的塑性变形，最大接触载荷降低，从而可减轻材料损伤。     

R相变对双向记忆效应的影响研究

作者利用电阻法和伸长率一温度曲线的测试，研究了R相变和马氏体相变对TiNi记忆合金双向记忆效应(TWSME)的贡献，并研究了热机械训练对相变特征的影响．研究结果表明，热机械训练可导致降温时R相的出现，并且R相变对双向记忆效应的贡献远大于马氏体相变的贡献．在双向记忆效应训练过程中，由于位错的引入，能引起相变点Ms，Mf，Rs，As和Af的下降。     

时效近等原子比钛镍形状记忆合金TEM分析

应用TEM分析技术对一种富Ni钛镍形状记忆合金时效后的组织进行了研究 ,结果表明 ,在不同温度下时效析出物的相结构和形态是不同的 .在 6 73～ 773K温度时 ,析出物都是Ti1 1 Ni1 4 相 ,随时效温度的提高 ,析出物的形态由细点状变为透镜状截面的椭圆板 ,这种相与B2母相是共格的 ,它的应变场使R相变与马氏体相变分离 ,Ti1 1 Ni1 4 相的析出会改善钛镍形状记忆合金的性质 .此外 ,在更高温度下时效合金将析出稳定的TiNi3相 ,该相与基体没有共格关系 ,同时导致基体镍含量下降 ,提高了马氏体转变温度 .     

TiNi形状记忆合金在医学上的应用

简介形状记忆效应，说明ＴｉＮｉ合金的性能，综述ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金在骨科及其他医学方面的实际应用．     

Low-cost (ZrCu)50-xTax high temperature shape memory alloys showing excellent shape memory effect

ZrCu-based alloys, as one of the most potential high-temperature shape memory alloys, show quite high martensitic transformation temperature, relatively low price for the raw materials, and good casting fluidity. In this work, the martensitic transformation (MT) and shape memory effect of (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x high-temperature shape memory alloys were systematically investigated. Both X ray diffraction and SEM backscattered electron image demonstrated the coexistence of the main phase monoclinic martensite phase and the second phase Ta₂Cu. SEM results also revealed that increasing Ta content resulted in a larger volume fraction of Ta₂Cu phase. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the MT temperatures remarkably increased with Ta addition. The ductility of the (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x alloys was reduced to some degree with increasing Ta content. The shape memory effect was improved significantly, in which (ZrCu)₉₈Ta₂ alloy showed the 6.19% maximum recovery strain during 8% pre-strain under compression at 25 ?°C.     

基于 NiTi 温敏形状记忆纳米结构调控的润湿性研究

NiTi 合金是常见的形状记忆合金,有着良好的形状记忆效应、超弹性、耐腐蚀性和生物相容性,在生物医疗、 航空航天和微机电等领域有着广泛的应用。 目的 研究 NiTi 合金表面不同纳米级结构的润湿性能,改善 NiTi 合金 在工作环境下的磨损情况,提高 NiTi 合金的使用寿命。 方法 使用分子动力学方法模拟周期性边界条件下 NiTi 合 金的形状记忆效应,研究在不同温度下 NiTi 合金原子的微观结构演化;同时基于 NiTi 合金温度响应下不同的微观 结构,建立液滴静态接触角仿真,研究 NiTi 合金表面在不同微观结构下的润湿性能。 结果 发现 NiTi 合金在不同温 度响应下发生相变,从而使 NiTi 合金的表面原子排列发生改变,展示了温度诱发 NiTi 合金的相变和逆相变行为以 及在原子尺度下的微观结构演化,再以不同温度响应下发生相变和逆相变的 NiTi 合金表面作为基底,发现其表面 的润湿性也发生了改变和恢复。 结论 NiTi 合金随温度响应发生相变,微观结构发生改变,其表面的润湿性能也发 生改变;而且 NiTi 合金随温度逆相变,微观结构恢复到初始状态,其表面润湿性也能随之恢复到初始状态;NiTi 合 金在相变过程中的奥氏体和马氏体含量会影响 NiTi 合金表面润湿性能,因此能够通过温度进行 NiTi 合金表面在 微观结构下润湿性的自适应调控。     

电子辐照CuZnAl形状记忆合金马氏体稳定化的研究

用能量 1.7MeV不同注量的电子辐照CuZnAl形状记忆合金样品 ,通过循环水冷的方法 ,将辐照控制在马氏体相进行 .实验结果表明 ,样品被辐照处理后 ,其马氏体相变温度和相变滞后 ,以及相变特征温度T0 都随辐照注量的增大而升高 ;当辐照注量在 6 .30× 10 2 0 m- 2 ～ 1.89×10 2 1m- 2 时 ,其相变温度变化渐趋平缓 .作者认为 ,这是由于电子辐照产生的点缺陷造成了马氏体相点阵畸变 ,从而诱生了马氏体稳定化     

热机载荷下形状记忆合金梁超静定问题分析

基于梁的弯曲变形理论及形状记忆合金材料的应力-应变关系,在考虑形状记忆合金材料相变临界应力与临界温度关系的情况下,分析了形状记忆合金超静定梁在非纯弯曲条件下的非线性力学行为.为了直观描述梁在拉压两侧相变的不对称性,引入拉压不对称系数,分析了各相变阶段横截面上的应力分布,通过求解平衡方程,得到了横截面中性轴位移、曲率以及...     

Effects of aging on the microstructure of a Cu-Al-Ni-Mn shape memory alloy

The influence of aging on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-11.6wt%Al-3.9wt%Ni-2.5wt%Mn shape memory alloy (SMA) was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometer, and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Experimental results show that bainite, γ_2, and α phase precipitates occur with the aging effect in the alloy. After aging at 300dgC, the bainitic precipitates appear at the early stages of aging, while the precipitates of γ₂ phase are observed for a longer aging time. When the aging temperature increases, the bainite gradually evolves into γ₂ phase and equilibrium α phase (bcc) precipitates from the remaining parent phase. Thus, the bainite, γ₂, and α phases appear, while the martensite phase disappears progressively in the alloy. The bainitic precipitates decrease the reverse transformation temperature while the γ₂ phase precipitates increase these temperatures with a decrease of solute content in the retained parent phase. On the other hand, these precipitations cause an increasing in hardness of the alloy.     

TiNi形状记忆合金断裂机理的原位拉伸研究

用SEM原位拉伸实验对TiNi形状记忆合金试样的断裂过程进行了研究和分析．结果表明,TiNi形状记忆合金的断裂与钢的脆性解理断裂不同．TiNi形状记忆合金的断裂受解理机制和孔洞在第二相颗粒处的形核、长大、连接机制控制．这两种材料失效机制共同作用,其中哪一种占统治地位取决于诸多因素．应力诱发马氏体相变对TiNi形状记忆合金的断裂具有重要的影响．     

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a hot-rolled Ti alloy

The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a hot-rolled Ti-5.1 Al-2.5 Cr-0.5 Fe-4.5 Mo-1.1 Sn-1.8 Zr-2.9 Zn titanium alloy sheet along the thickness direction were investigated.The results indicated that the hotrolled titanium alloy sheet presented different microstructures along the thickness direction owing to the uneven distribution of stress and temperature during the hot rolling.The grains in central region underwent a larger deformation,leading to relative complete grain fragmentation and the formation of fine grains.During the air cooling process followed by hot rolling,the fraction of a phase precipitated in the central region was lower than that in the regions near the surface of the sheet.During hot rolling process,more deformation energy transformed to thermal energy and lower cooling rate in the central region promoted the α→β phase transformation,resulting in the increasing of the dynamic recrystallization in the β phase.By contrast,the dynamic recrystallization for a phase decreased.Distinct {0001}_α and {001}_β textures were observed,and these textures were markedly strengthened with the increasing distance from the central region.Due to the softening induced by dynamic recrystallization and the strengthening by concentrated dislocations,the surface of the sheet exhibits highest yield strength and lowest elongation.     

Martensitic transfor mation involved mechanical behaviors and wide hysteresis of NiTiNb shape memory alloys

On the basis of thermoelastic martensitic transformation involved,the mechanical behaviors of NiTiNb shape memory alloys were experimentally studied and their wide hysteresis effect was theoretically d...     

热力学训练对TiNi形状记忆合金相变特征的影响

作者通过约束热处理及热力学训练方法，得到了具有加热时伸长—冷却时收缩双向记忆效应(TWSME)的TiNi形状记忆合金弹簧．在训练过程中，作者用示差扫描量热法(Differential Scanning Calorimetry,DSC)研究了不同热力学训练的试样．结果表明，随着训练循环次数的增加，TiNi合金逆马氏体相变点升高，马氏体相变点下降，相变滞后增大，并在一定的热力学训练次数之后不再随训练次数的变化而变化．训练次数对逆马氏体相变点的影响和对双向记忆恢复率的影响趋势一致，作者认为那是由于在训练过程中引入的位错所致．     

TiNi合金相变、形状记忆及超弹性行为研究

系统总结了陕西工学院ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金研究组近年来的研究成果,包括Ｎｉ含量和时效对ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金组织和相变行为的影响;热处理工艺对ＴｉＮｉ合金形状记忆效应的影响;形状记忆合金弹簧的设计、制作方法;ＴｉＮｉ弹簧的形状记忆及超弹性行为;ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金的应用等。     

富Ti-TiNi形状记忆合金薄膜的析出相与相变

研究溅射富Ti－TiNi合金薄膜中的析出相及相变温度随退火温度和时间的变化规律;同时对富Ti－TiNi合金薄膜的马氏体相变温度比块村富Ti－TiNi合金及富Ni－TiNi合金薄膜低的原因进行讨论．     

Morphology and quantitative analysis of O phase during heat treatment of hot-deformed Ti<Subscript>2</Subscript>AlNb-based alloy

A 1040℃-hot-deformed Ti₂AlNb-based alloy solution-treated at 950℃ and aged at different temperatures was quantitatively investigated. The microstructure, size of the phase, and microhardness of the deformed alloys were measured. The results indicated that the microstructure of the deformed Ti₂AlNb-based alloy specimens comprise coarse O lath, fine O lath, equiaxed O/α₂, and acicular O phase. More O phase was generated in the deformed alloy after heat treatment because the acicular O phase was more likely to nucleate and grow along the deformation-induced crystal defects such as dislocations and subgrain boundaries. After deformation and subsequent heat treatment, the acicular O phase of the resultant alloy became finer compared to that of the undeformed alloy, and the acicular O phase became coarser and longer with the elevated aging temperature, while the width of the O lath exhibited unobvious variations. The hot deformation facilitated the dissolution of the O lath but accelerated the precipitation of the acicular O phase. When the 950℃-solution-treated deformed Ti₂AlNb-based alloy was then aged at 750℃ for different periods, the phase content was nearly invariable, O and B2 phases eventually reached equilibrium, and the microstructure became stable and homogeneous.     

Deformation and damage behaviors of as-cast TiAl-Nb alloy during creep

By means of creep properties measurement and microstructure observation,the deformation and damage behavior of an as-cast TiAl-Nb alloy during creep at temperature near 750°C were investigated.The results showed that the microstructure of the alloy consisted of lamellarγ/α_2 phase,and the boundaries consisted ofγphase located in between lamellarγ/α_2 phases with different orientations.In the latter stage of creep,the dislocation networks appeared in the interfaces of lamellarγ/α_2 phases due to the coarsening of them,which made the coherent interface transforming into the semi-coherent one for reducing its adhesive strength.The deformation mechanism of the alloy during creep was twinning and dislocations slipping within lamellarγ/α_2 phases.In the later period of creep,significant amount of dislocations plied up in the interfaces of lamellarγ/α_2 phases,which may cause the stress concentration to promote the initiation and propagation of the cracks along the lamellarγ/α_2interfaces perpendicular to the stress axis.Wherein,some cracks on the various cross-sections were connected by tearing edge along the direction of maximum shear stress,up to the creep fracture,which is considered to be the damage and fracture mechanism of alloy during creep at 750°C.     

Surface modification of Ti-49.8at%Ni alloy by Ti ion implantation：phase transformation,corrosion, and cell behavior

The Ti?49.8at%Ni alloy was modified by Ti ion implantation to improve its corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The chemical composition and morphologies of the TiNi alloy surface were determined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results revealed that Ti ion implantation caused the reduction of Ni concentration and the formation of a TiO2 nano-film on the TiNi alloy. The phase transformation temperatures of the Ti–TiNi alloy remained almost invariable after Ti ion implantation. Electrochemical tests indicated that the corrosion resistance of TiNi increased after Ti ion im-plantation. Moreover, the Ni ion release rate in 0.9% NaCl solution for the TiNi alloy remarkably decreased due to the barrier effect of the TiO2 nano-film. The cell proliferation behavior on Ti-implanted TiNi was better than that on the untreated TiNi after cell culture for 1 d and 3 d.     

多晶TiNi和CuZnAl形状记忆合金中的织构转变

用X射线织构仪测定了TiNi和CuZnAl合金的母相奥氏体、产品相马氏体的极图,计算了测定极图各自的位向分布函数。分析结果表明,TiNi合金奥氏体具有一个弱的织构组元{4,0,3}〈0,1,0〉和一个α纤维织构,TiNiCu合金马氏体有6个主要的织构组元;CuZnAl合金奥氏体织构是一个纤维织构,其纤维轴为〈1,1,0〉平行于轧向,位向密度沿纤维轴从{001}〈1-10〉到{111}〈1-10〉扩展,在位向{001}〈1-10〉附近,获得最大位向密度为26.9。CuZnAl合金马氏体有10个主要的织构组元。从奥氏体与马氏体的织构分析发现,两者织构是相互关联的,一个奥氏体的织构组元对应多个马氏体的织构组元,此结果符合马氏体形成自适应形貌的要求。