黄粉虫氨基酸水解液的研制

对水解黄粉虫蛋白适宜的酶进行了研究，结果表明：胰蛋白酶水解黄粉虫蛋白是最佳选择。并对影响酶解反应的因素进行了选择和分析，适宜的反应条件为：黄粉虫与水的重量比为３０∶１０５，酶作用量为黄粉虫重量的０．５％，控制反应温度５０℃，酶解时间５ｈ，ｐＨ＝８．０。在此基础上，针对单一酶水解的特异性，蛋白质水解率低的问题，进行了提高其水解率的研究，结果发现，采用脱脂、浸提、双酶水解等处理可大大提高蛋白水解率。最后用发酵法脱除异味，制得一种氨基酸含量丰富的水解液     

蜗牛水解液的制备及其乳酸发酵饮料的研究

用碱性蛋白酶对白玉蜗牛肉进行水解,探讨了水解温度、pH值、加酶量及固液比对蜗牛肉水解液水解得率的影响,通过正交试验确定了蜗牛肉水解的较佳条件,并以水解液为原料进行乳酸菌发酵,获得较佳的饮料制备工艺.结果表明:以碱性蛋白酶为水解酶,水解工艺条件为,温度50℃,pH 10.5,料液比1:5,加酶量6 000 U/g,水解3 h后加1%风味蛋白酶水解1 h时水解度为7.13%.水解液乳酸菌发酵的较佳工艺条件为:115℃高温灭菌15 min,蔗糖添加量5%,乳糖添加量2%,乳酸菌接种量3%～4%,时间6 h.     

正交试验法优化黄粉虫甲壳素提取新工艺

以黄粉虫为原料,用酶水解蛋白质,有机酸去除灰分,提取甲壳素.通过正交试验对酶水解条件和有机酸处理条件进行优化.结果表明:酶水解最佳的处理为胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶按1∶1组合、酶用量为1.0%、水解时间为7 h,水解温度为55℃;有机酸最佳的组合为苹果酸处理组合,其酸浓度为15%,处理时间为10 h,固液比为1∶50(g·m L-1).在此条件下所得到的甲壳素,其蛋白质含量为3.39%,灰分含量为0.35%.     

双酶联用水解豆奶蛋白

以大豆为原料,利用木瓜蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶单独和联用对豆奶进行水解,通过测定氨基氮的含量确定酶反应的最佳条件。单因素试验和正交试验分析的结果表明:木瓜蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶联用水解豆奶蛋白比单独使用效果好,最佳水解条件为料液比1∶10,加入等比混合的6000 U/L木瓜蛋白酶和6000 U/L风味蛋白酶,酶解温度60℃,时间6 h,控制pH值7.0。在此条件下,豆奶中蛋白质的水解程度最高,水解液中氨基氮含量高,且水解物苦味减少。     

用菜籽饼制取氨基酸水解液的试验研究

用菜籽饼作原料 ,以酸水解的方法制取氨基酸水解液的试验条件确定为 :容器加热温度 110～ 12 0℃ ;反应物温度 10 4～ 10 8℃ ;盐酸浓度 9%～ 11% ;反应时间 18～ 2 0h ;盐酸容量 (mL)与菜籽粉质量 (g)的比值约3∶1,氨基酸水解液的 pH调节至 5。氨基酸水解液的氨基酸含量可达 12 %～ 13% ,水解率可高达 10 0 %。     

生血营养液的研制

以猪血粉为主要原料,研究了酶法水解制备蛋白水解液的条件,并以适当方法配制成了具有较好纠正贫血作用的营养液.研究表明,猪血粉用AS1.398中性蛋白酶在水解液初始pH值为7,水解温度为50℃,酶用量为8 000u/g,猪血粉浓度为8%的条件下水解8h能制得较好的水解液.     

草鱼皮酶解工艺及水解物对嗜热链球菌增殖作用研究

首次研究了水产品蛋白酶解物对乳酸菌的增殖作用。选择草鱼皮为原料,通过蛋白酶Protease P“Amano”6对其进行酶解,其水解物可以作为培养嗜热链球菌增殖的氮源。同时以水解度和水解物对嗜热链球菌的增殖效果为评价指标,并利用正交实验对酶解工艺进行了优化。结果表明,蛋白酶Protease P“Amano”6对草鱼皮最佳的酶解条件为:加酶量3%、料水比1∶3(m/V)、酶解时间7 h、pH 8.0、反应温度45℃。     

葛根多菌种混合发酵研制醋饮料试验

为了开发一种富含葛根黄酮的益生菌饮料,采用协同酶解和多菌种混合发酵的方法分别进行葛根酶解和醋饮料发酵技术研究.结果表明:葛根酶解的最优条件为料液质量比1∶20,p H 5.0,纤维素酶加量1 mg·g-1,中温α-淀粉酶加量20 mg·g-1,糖化酶加量10 mg·g-1,50℃下酶解1 h,在此条件下,葛根异黄酮提取率达到7.51%,溶液中的还原糖含量达到20.76%;葛根醋饮料多菌种混合发酵的最优条件为乳酸菌、醋酸菌和酵母菌质量比2∶2∶1,菌种接种量为原料的0.5%,料液质量比1∶12,大米蛋白肽添加量为0.2 g·g-1,30℃发酵5 d,在此条件下可得发酵醋饮料总酸含量为17.90 g·L-1,葛根异黄酮量6.59 g·L-1.     

玉米多孔淀粉的制备

以玉米淀粉为原料,研究了玉米多孔淀粉制备过程中各种因素对产物成孔效果的影响,探讨了酶解成孔的机理,并对制备工艺进行了初步优化.在糖化酶和耐高温α-淀粉酶混合成的复合酶作用下,玉米淀粉水解制备玉米多孔淀粉的最佳工艺为:加酶量为按照理论水解55%淀粉的30倍加入量,糖化酶与耐高温α-淀粉酶的配比7:1,反应体系pH值5.6,酶解温度60℃,淀粉浓度60%,反应时间20h.反应后玉米淀粉的吸油率由16.15%提高到了47.59%.     

提高山药饮料稳定性的工艺研究

研究通过使用耐高温α-淀粉酶水解山药淀粉和食品增稠剂来解决山药饮料易发生分层和沉淀的问题,从而提高山药饮料的稳定性和感官品质.实验表明酶解的最佳工艺条件为:酶解温度90℃,原料用量10%,酶用量0.000 5%,时间40 m in.探讨了用琼脂、黄原胶、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠复配增稠剂的最佳配方.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the