缸径和压缩比对微型内燃机微燃烧性能的影响

为了考察缸径和压缩比对微型内燃机微燃烧特性的影响规律和机理,采用层流有限速率模型耦合甲醇-硝基甲烷燃烧化学反应机理,对其燃烧过程进行了多维仿真.深入分析了缸径和压缩比对微燃烧特性的影响.仿真结果与实验结果比较一致,缸径对甲醇-硝基甲烷微型内燃机微燃烧特性影响显著.当缸径从9.00mm减小到3.38mm时,在压力上升阶段,缸内压力和温度增大;最高压力值先增大后减小,最终最高压力值下降约6×105 Pa,到达最高压力值所需时间缩短约30℃A;燃气燃烧速率也增大,完全燃烧时刻提前约40℃A.进一步分析揭示了缸径影响燃烧特性的本质机理,缸径对缸内燃烧特性的影响取决于缸内未燃燃气总量、散热损失占燃烧释放总热量比值、燃料完全燃烧时刻这3个因素.在给定参数下,实现完全燃烧临界缸径约为3.38mm.随压缩比提高,缸内压力和温度增大且最高压力值和温度值也增大.     

液环泵作真空泵与压缩机工况下的内流场及外特性分析

采用数值模拟和实验相结合的方法,对2BE型液环泵在真空泵与压缩机工况下的内流场及外特性进行对比分析.结果表明:相同的进出口压比时,压缩机体积流量小于真空泵体积流量,体积流量比和效率比均随着压比的增大而逐渐下降;真空泵和压缩机工况下内部的相态场、速度场和压力场分布规律基本一致;压缩机工况下的排气区和过渡区叶轮内旋涡二次流明显要强于真空泵工况下的,相同压比变化时压缩机工况下排气区内壁压力显著增大;液环泵壳体内壁压力的频域特性沿圆周方向存在明显的分区特征;真空泵工况下的各阶主频特性与压缩机工况下的完全一致;在各压比下,压缩机工况的泵壳体内壁压力脉动幅值整体大于真空泵工况的,随着压比的增大,压缩机工况下的排气区和过渡区壳体内壁压力脉动幅值明显增大.     

基础振动下电磁换向阀压力流量特性研究

针对基础振动对电磁换向阀压力-流量特性的影响,采用控制阀口压差模拟压力损失的方法,同时考虑基础振动引起的阀芯瞬态液动力和电磁力的变化,建立了基础振动下的电磁换向阀的数学模型和仿真模型,实验验证了模型的准确性,分析了基础振动参数和结构参数对阀的压力-流量特性和流量波动的影响。研究表明:小流量、低压降电磁换向阀对基础振动的顺应性较好;基础振动下存在压力-流量特性降低区域和流量波动失效区域,压差为0.7 MPa时的压力-流量特性降低区域是0.4MPa时的45倍;弹簧刚度小于5kN/m时,减小阀芯质量、增大阻尼系数有利于降低流量波动幅值。该研究对基础振动下电磁换向阀的选型和设计提供了一定的理论参考。     

负载敏感系统响应特性仿真研究

在对负载敏感变量泵工作原理进行分析的基础上,基于AMESim平台对系统的响应特性进行了仿真研究.结果表明,在系统压力达到调压阀设定压力之前,系统的流量仅取决于流量阀的开口而与负载无关,负载敏感阀将根据流量阀的开口自动调节变量泵的排量.在系统压力达到调压阀设定压力之后,系统压力仅取决于调压阀的设定值而与负载无关,此时负载敏感阀将自动调节变量泵的排量使之恰好与负载的需要相适应.     

轴向振动对液压胶管出口压力波动影响

为了提升和改进硬岩掘进机工作时液压胶管内流体能量的传递特性,基于复合材料层合板理论和流固耦合理论,建立了缠绕式胶管轴向振动流固耦合模型.仿真和实验研究了振动参数、结构参数和流体参数对胶管出口压力波动影响.研究结果表明:当基础振动频率在40Hz附近时,出口压力波动幅值最大,此时激振频率接近胶管固有频率,出口压力波动幅值在一定范围随振动幅值呈线性增长;胶管长度对出口压力波动影响强于胶管内径;随着流体流速增加,胶管出口压力波动幅值逐渐减小,流体黏度对压力波动影响较小.     

凸轮泵内部瞬态流场的动网格数值解析

根据凸轮泵啮合特性建立了渐开线方程,当型线方程的压力角介于40°~50°时,共轭转子相对运动时不产生干涉效应.为了阐明压力角对转子型线方程和几何参数的影响,基于FLUENT动网格模型和局部网格重构的网格变形技术,应用RNG k-ε湍流模型及PISO算法对凸轮泵内部流场进行数值解析.通过定量监测排出端流量波动和吸入端压力脉动,获得不同压力角和不同工况下,流量波动和压力脉动的瞬态特性.结果表明:凸轮泵排出端流量和吸入端压力呈周期性变化,当转子压力角逐渐增大时,二者有减小的趋势;转速是影响流量波动和压力脉动的主要因素,随着转速升高,排出端流量和吸入端压力提升明显,脉动现象明显;当转速升高到一定程度后,排出端速度与吸入端压力的脉动值增加较少.     

小长径比垂直上流管压力波动特性分析

在垂直管长2.2m、内径0.05m的小型气液两相流实验装置上对小长径比（L/D=44）垂直上流管压力波动特性进行了实验研究.结果表明：分别增加管线中的气量、液量,或者同时增加气液流量,均会造成垂直管入口处均值压力和最大压力的增加.选取适当的回归模型,得到了入口处平均压力和最大压力随折算液速和折算气速变化的关系式;压力信号的概率密度（PDF）符合正态分布,并且大部分呈双峰分布,也存在单峰和多峰分布;压力信号的功率谱密度（PSD）具有频率波动范围小、幅值大的特点.     

一种新型减压阀性能研究

提出了一种先导回路为G型π桥液阻网络的减压阀新结构,对该阀的出口压力流量特性进行了仿真研究,分析了该阀先导回路有关参数的设计方法．该阀的压力流量特性根据先导回路液阻参数的不同设计,可以呈现3种形式：（1）减压阀出口压力随减压阀口流量增加而下降;（2）减压阀出口压力保持恒值,不随减压阀。流量的增减而变化;（3）减压阀出。压力随减压阀。流量增加反而上升．而普通先导式减压阀只具有一种特性,即随着流量的增加,其出口压力下降．图4,表1,参4     

TBM空间管道动态特性分析

针对硬岩掘进机(TBM)工作过程中产生的强振动会改变空间管道动态特性的问题,基于流固耦合理论和有限元方法建立基础振动下空间管道的双向流固耦合仿真模型,并通过实验验证仿真模型的正确性。对有无基础振动下空间管道的动态特性进行对比分析;研究不同振动参数和结构参数对空间管道动态特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着基础振动频率增大,管道最大应力和出口压力波动幅值先增大后减小;随着基础振动幅值增大,管道最大应力和出口压力波动幅值均增大;随着管道曲率半径和中间直管长度增大,管道最大应力逐渐增大;随着管道内径增大,管道最大应力逐渐减小。     

脉冲水射流水力共振设计

在导管首端设置正弦脉冲流发生器,下游某处设置空气室,精心构建系统条件造成水力共振,使喷 嘴处脉冲射流的压力振幅大大提高。系统的数学物理模型用水力瞬变特征线有限差分方程建立,变时步方 法解算。最优水力共振条件用Matlab直接搜索算法搜寻。正弦脉冲流发生器由恒流泵和正弦容积变化活塞 缸构成,电动活塞泵用凸轮传动给出恒定流量,活塞缸活塞用凸轮或曲轴连杆传动使缸容正弦变化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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