胶州湾表层沉积物甲藻孢囊的分布与环境因素的相关分析

为了解胶州湾表层沉积物中甲藻孢囊分布特征与环境因素之间的关系,于2015年7月采集分析了胶州湾12个站位的沉积物甲藻孢囊样品,同时与海湾夏季、冬季的水温、盐度、水深及沉积物粒度等因素进行了相关分析。结果显示,胶州湾水深介于4.5～24.7m之间,从湾内向湾外深度逐渐加大。海水温度的季节变化较显著,夏季高冬季低,夏季呈湾内高湾外低、而冬季为湾内低而湾外较高的分布特点。海水盐度的季节变化不显著,夏、冬季的盐度均由湾内向湾外逐渐升高。沉积物主要以砂、粉砂和黏土为主,其中大部分为细颗粒的粉砂质淤泥。甲藻孢囊共记录39种(含2个未定种),优势种为膝沟藻类(Gonyaulax spp.)孢囊。胶州湾甲藻孢囊群落呈显著的空间分布特征,表现为湾口及湾外丰度较高、而湾内较低的特点。聚类分析将孢囊类群分为4组,分别为湾口湾外组及湾内3个组(湾北部组、湾西部组及湾东部组),差异度主要贡献种类为具刺膝沟藻(G.spinifera)、多边舌甲藻(Lingulodinium polyedra)和原多甲藻(Protoperidinium sp.)孢囊。相关分析表明胶州湾甲藻孢囊的丰度与夏季温度呈显著负相关(P 0.05),与冬季温度、夏季盐度及海水深度呈显著正相关(P 0.01),而与沉积物粒度相关性不显著;表明温度和盐度对胶州湾甲藻孢囊的萌发与形成具有显著影响,而其分布受到多种环境因素的综合调控。     

胶州湾表层沉积物重金属分布研究

本文通过对胶州湾近海及滩涂不同站位表层沉积物重金属含量的研究。分析了胶州湾表层沉积物中重金属含量与水深、离岸距离等方面的关系,探讨了胶州湾表层沉积物重金属的来源和分布特征,为预防胶州湾重金属污染提供了参考依据。     

防城湾自然环境与沉积物组成分析

讨论防城湾水动力条件，地貌特征及沉积物组成。其中，水下动力地貌有６种类型：潮间浅滩，潮流冲刷深槽，水下拦六沙坝，水下沙嘴，水下岸坡，海底平原。表层沉积物类型有６种；砂砾，粗砂，粗中砂，中细砂，细砂，粉砂质粘土。沉积物中重矿物组合为钛铁矿－锆石－电气石。     

钦州湾表层沉积物重金属分布特征

根据钦州湾表层沉积物中重金属元素Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu、As、Cr、Zn监测数据,利用数理统计和surfer软件对这7中重金属元素含量及其空间分布特征进行分析与评价.结果显示,表层沉积物中Zn和Cu的含量最大值分别是182×10-6和36.7×10-6,超过《海洋沉积物质量》（GB18668-2002）一类标准,其他元素含量的最大值均符合一类标准;钦州湾内湾沉积物质量较外湾差;重金属浓度较高的区域主要为龙门水道,其次是钦江口和犀牛脚镇沿岸海域.龙门水道大部分重金属含量较高可能是由于内湾携带大量污染物的较强径流与外湾海水在此交汇沉降所致,此外,还可能与龙门水道狭窄,地形复杂,岛屿众多等因素有关.     

半封闭海湾围填海对水动力 环境的影响分析

以东山湾为例,采用平面二维数学模型,从潮流、纳潮量和水交换3个方面探讨湾内围填海对东山湾水动力环境的影响.研究结果表明:随着填海面积的增加,影响范围及程度不断增大;湾口海域对填海区位置及填海范围的响应较为敏感,当填海范围扩大到湾口海域后,纳潮量减少10%以上,大潮平均水交换率均减小8.82%,小潮平均水交换率减小13.33%,易影响湾内的污染物扩散能力,从而引发水质和生态问题.     

岱衢洋海域鱼类分类多样性研究

为进一步探析舟山渔场岱衢洋海域鱼类多样性特征,根据2012-2013年岱衢洋调查数据,结合2007-2011年历次调查研究的历史资料,采用Nelson分类系统对鱼类物种组成进行了系统整理,从不同分类阶元分析了岱衢洋海域鱼类的多样性。分类多样性指数(△+和∧+)、Turner相对丰富度(Rr)和索雷申(Sorensen)群落相似性系数为本研究的主要指数。结果显示,岱衢洋共记录鱼类96种,隶属于15目、46科、75属。目级相对丰富度结果显示,岱衢洋鱼类组成以鲈形目(286.67)居绝对优势;科级则主要集中在鲽形目的舌鳎科(19.57)、鲈形目的石首鱼科(17.39)和鲱形目的鳀科(15.22)。使用PRIMER6.0软件计算了平均分类差异指数△+和分类差异变异指数∧+,分别为62.7和100.5,其中△+与大亚湾相差不大且均高于北部湾,低于东山湾和唐山湾,这说明岱衢洋海域鱼类多样性和大亚湾相差不大,差于东山湾和唐山湾,好于北部湾,即岱衢洋海域鱼类组成之间的亲缘关系程度和大亚湾相近,近于东山湾和唐山湾,远于北部湾。索雷申群落相似性系数结果表明,岱衢洋海域鱼类分类组成在目级水平上,与唐山湾(0.48)相似性最高,东山湾(0.40)次之,同大亚湾相似性最低(0.29)。     

泉州安海湾海域沉积物污染及防治措施初探

通过安海湾海域底质的现状分析,安海湾海域沉积物质量湾外比湾内好,湾内除了有机质以及大部分测点的石油类未超标外,铬、锌、铜、硫化物均已超标.湾口及湾外除个别站位锌超标外,其余均满足沉积物要求.安海湾海域底质超标的石油类污染,主要治理措施是控制海上污染源排放和加强海上管理;海域底质重金属污染,主要是通过生物吸附法、化学沉淀法和离子交换法来去除污水中的重金属离子.同时需加大政府职能,利用管理、监督等对策,使安海湾海域的污染程度降到最低.     

基于灰色理论模型预测铅含量

湘江霞湾段是湘江流域重金属铅污染非常严重的地区之一.采用灰色GM(1,1)模型,基于1999-2010年株洲霞湾段河床沉积物铅含量的数据,预测了2011-2040年株洲霞湾段河床沉积物铅的含量.     

防城港湾夏季水质及表层沉积物重金属污染评价

【目的】调查及评价广西防城港湾的重金属污染现状。【方法】2013年8月从广西防城港湾采集33个站位海水样品和11个站位表层沉积物样品,测定海水和沉积物中重金属(铜、铅、锌、镉、汞、砷)含量,再采用单因子指数法和生态风险指数法对采集的海水和沉积物污染状况进行评价。【结果】该海域海水重金属污染程度由高到低分别是PbZnHgCuCdAs,其中,Pb的平均单项污染指数均大于1,超过国家一类海水水质标准;沉积物中重金属平均含量排序为ZnPbCuAsCdHg,均符合国家一类沉积物标准;沉积物重金属污染程度排序为AsPbCuZnHgCd,即污染程度均属于低污染;潜在危害的影响程度从大到小排序为HgAsCdPbCuZn,即潜在风险较低。【结论】夏季防城港湾海洋重金属环境质量状况良好。     

太湖梅梁湾沉积物中磷形态垂直分布特征分析

应用淡水沉积物中磷形态的标准测试程序(SMT),分析了太湖梅梁湾沉积物中磷形态的纵向分布特征.结果表明,河口处各层沉积物中的各磷形态含量均高于湖心及沿岸,说明外源输入仍是梅梁湾富营养化的重要原因;梅梁湾中总磷和各形态磷含量在垂直方向上随深度的增加而呈递减趋势,但不同位置处自然层中的磷含量变化较小,说明自然层中的磷含量可视为梅梁湾的背景值;各磷形态均在淤泥层或污染层含量最大,显示梅梁湾磷污染具有显著表层富集特性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the