网联混合车流车辆换道博弈行为及模型

车联网环境中,交通系统将长期呈现智能网联汽车和传统人工驾驶车辆混合共存的状况.针对智能网联交通环境下的新型混合车流,建立了车辆的换道行为决策模型.对于混合车辆交通流引入最小安全区域模型,自主车辆交通流基于博弈论的思想进行建模.自主车辆之间的换道被看作为1种非合作博弈行为,车辆以自身行驶状态为博弈收益,寻求行驶条件更优的车道.运用SUMO软件对提出的换道模型进行仿真验证分析.仿真结果表明,博弈换道模型相比于传统间隙阈值接受模型具有较高的车道利用率和安全稳定性.     

基于安全裕度的网联自主汽车换道行为风险量化及动态平衡模型

伴随车联网技术的发展,道路交通流呈现智能网联自动驾驶汽车与传统人工驾驶车辆混合共存发展态势,研究网联新型混合车流换道驾驶行为的风险特性极其重要。基于安全裕度理论,建立了换道行为风险量化模型,采用故障树分析法,推导换道的时间和空间风险,进行时空融合的风险评定量化,以判断车辆是否处于安全变道状态,并动态平衡车辆换道行为可能存在的风险。运用SUMO软件对建立的量化模型进行仿真验证分析,1/TTC与瞬时风险系数均值分别下降约0.1与0.05,同时变化趋势趋于稳定。安全裕度风险量化模型使换道风险得到了有效控制的同时,交通流的稳定性得到了较大提高,可保障未来网联环境中自主驾驶车辆队列的稳态运行,从而提高交通容量和交通效率。     

考虑时延的网联车混合交通流基本图模型

由于智能网联车的不断发展,未来将出现智能网联车和人工驾驶车共同存在的混合交通流,因此,研究道路上的混合交通有助于解决交通拥堵等问题,具有一定的现实意义。为探究这类混合交通流的流量、密度和速度之间的关系,文中综合考虑智能网联车辆退化和车辆时延,建立了自动驾驶环境下混合交通流的基本图模型。首先,确定交通流中的车辆类型和不同类型车辆的比例,并考虑联网智能车辆跟随人工车辆时发生的车辆功能退化;然后,确定3种车辆的延迟时间并改进每种车辆的跟驰模型;在此基础上,同时考虑车辆时延和车辆功能退化两种因素,推导出交通流平衡时的基本图模型,并对模型中的自由流速度参数进行敏感度分析。研究结果表明,智能网联车对混合交通流的最大流量和最佳密度有积极影响,车辆时延有消极影响,自由流速度则对混合交通流的最大流量有积极影响,对最佳密度有消极影响。SUMO仿真结果表明,在不同场景下仿真得到的流量–密度分布点符合理论曲线,验证了文中理论模型的准确性。     

城市交通微观仿真系统的实现

以面向对象的程序设计思想为基础，采用基于交通流理论的车辆运动模型和计算机仿真理论，构建了城市交通微观仿真软件．该软件具备了路网构造和管理、交通流运行的实时动画仿真、交通控制模拟、数据统计以及开放式交通方案输入等功能．为今后城市交通流仿真的进一步研究打下基础。     

Platoon模式下车载自组织网络性能分析与研究

Platoon的性能可以通过车载自组织网络和协同自适应巡航控制系统得到进一步的提升.提出了一种适用于大规模platoon与自由车辆协同运动的管理协议和管理策略.通过设计适用于platoon的车辆移动模型,并应用于SUMO交通仿真软件中,对车辆场景进行了仿真.同时设计适用于大规模platoon和自由运动车辆的通信分簇协议,利用网络仿真软件NS2对通信性能进行分析,结果证明platoon改善和提升了道路性能和通信性能.     

驾驶员视角和后视效应对交通流稳定性的影响分析

交通流跟驰模型是微观交通流仿真和交通安全评估的重要工具,在城市交通规划、交通运行宏观调控等方面广泛运用.传统交通流跟驰模型主要考虑车辆参数,对于驾驶员因素不够重视,本文将驾驶员视角引入全速度差(FVD)模型,研究基于FVD模型的扩展模型,结合驾驶员后视效应,利用线性稳定性分析扩展模型的交通流稳定性特点.通过将驾驶员视角用驾驶车辆体型参数进行数据量化,分析车辆体型参数对交通流稳定性的影响.仿真实验表明:本文研究的扩展模型在车距较小的情况下交通流稳定性要优于FVD模型;驾驶员对视角变化的敏感系数越高,整个交通流越稳定;驾驶员后视概率越高,交通流越稳定;对于大型车辆,车流高峰时期为其开辟专用车道能够提高该阶段交通流稳定性.     

基于安全间距的车辆跟驰模型研究综述

以计算机技术和车辆跟驰模型为基础的微观交通流仿真是进行各种管控措施模拟实验和进行ITS(智能运输系统)开发研究的重要手段。仿真软件对过程的封装使用户无法全面理解其仿真模型和介入仿真过程,容易对仿真结果提出质疑。为此,对目前多数微观仿真系统使用的基于安全间距的车辆跟驰模型进行综述,介绍其构建思想和算法内核,并对算法的优缺点进行总结。     

基于CA交通流模型的车辆停车次数及停车率的仿真研究

运用CA交通流仿真模型对路段上车辆的停车状况进行仿真研究,仿真了路段上车辆的停车次数及停车率与密度之间的关系。结果表明,用CA模型可以较好地模拟路段上车辆的停车情况,能较好地仿真出路段上车辆的停车次数及停车率与密度之间变化的定量关系。这一结果为根据交通流密度采取相应的交通管理措施提供了理论依据。     

城市公交车辆互联自适应模型研究与实现

以城市公交车辆运行为研究对象,分析当前公交车辆的实际运行情况,利用移动自组织网络相关知识,提出一种自适应的公交车辆运行模型,最后利用相关网络仿真软件对系统模型进行仿真.仿真实验表明,利用自适应后的公交车辆仿真系统能够提高公交车辆的运行效率,此对城市公交车辆的实际运行具有重要的参考意义.     

高速公路路段通行能力仿真研究

基于VISSIM交通仿真软件可重复性和可延续性的特点,以高速公路交通流运行特征作为分析对象,对通行能力仿真研究的关键参数进行标定与评价.并以标定的VISSIM作为平台建立典型的高速公路基本路段仿真模型,再现复杂交通条件下的车流运行特性以及影响通行能力各参数的度量指标.对比现行高速公路服务水平分级标准,分析了产生差别的原因,并由此推算出分级服务水平下的通行能力和交通流临界密度.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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