杂盐氯化钠对氯化钾正浮选过程的影响

文中针对KCl浮选过程夹带大量NaCl的问题,开展了黏度测定、有控微浮选实验等研究。结果表明:浮选液相中NaCl能增大浮选体系的黏度;浮选固相中NaCl含量由0增至75%时,产品KCl含量由99.16%降低到89.29%,收率由99.16%降低到80.05%;当NaCl的粒径小于95μm时,KCl浮选产品中NaCl夹带可达10%～15%。NaCl被KCl夹带浮出的主要原因之一是浮选固相中NaCl含量高,粒径小。     

利用光卤石制取钾石盐太阳池原料的试验研究

以制取灌注钾石盐太阳池的原料为目的,用钾肥生产过程中产生的尾盐制得的光卤石矿为原料,通过控制变量法对该原料进行了分解试验,考察了液固比,分解时间,分解温度,光卤石矿粒度,搅拌强度以及分解液对分解效果的影响。结果表明:常温分解,液固比0.4∶1,分解时间25 min,光卤石粒度小于16目,搅拌速率250 r/min,分解液为稀释4倍的钾石盐饱和溶液,此条件下分解效果最好,得到的钾石盐中KCl含量44.66%,KCl收率达到95.20%。     

多金属氧化钼矿工艺矿物学及其综合利用技术研究

对氧化钼矿的工艺矿物学特征及其综合利用技术进行研究.结果表明:氧化钼矿的主要矿物组成为钼华、钼钙矿、褐铁矿、黄铁矿及石英.在磨矿细度为200目以下含量65%时,采用混合浮选工艺,可得钼品位为7.41%的钼精矿,钼回收率为82.18%,其中含铅18.02%、含金7.96 g.t-1、含银1 002 g.t-1;采用联合碱浸法处理钼精矿,可获得钼浸出率为95.61%的工艺指标;采用氰化法处理碱浸渣,金银浸出率分别为94.55%、83.96%;采用浮选法处理氰化渣,可得铅品位为46.76%的铅精矿,铅回收率为52.83%;采用重选法回收浮选尾矿中的石英,可获得SiO2含量为97.12%、回收率为80.84%的石英产品.     

低品位难选钼中矿的选别试验

在研究福建省某钼矿厂难选低品位钼中矿性质基础之上,通过高效捕收剂、组合抑制剂的优化配伍,结合浮选与重选技术,实现了该钼矿物的高效综合利用,得出合理的浮选流程结构与药剂制度和最佳的重选工艺参数.浮选钼精矿产品品位为45.14%,回收率达到64.7%,钼浮选尾矿由重选可分别获得硫精矿和重选钼精矿,其中重选钼精矿产品品位为3.17%,回收率达到17.2%,整个流程中钼总回收率达到81.9%.     

低品位钾长石矿选矿提纯工艺试验研究

辽宁某钾长石矿原矿中K₂O品位为5.21%,Na₂O品位为3.07%,TFe₂O₃品位为1.09%,TiO₂品位为0.054%,SiO₂品位为69.47%,Al₂O₃品位为13.45%。原矿K₂O+Na₂O=8.28%品位偏低,而杂质铁、硅含量偏高,不能直接用于高档陶瓷生产,需要采用选矿提纯技术对其中的铁、硅等杂质去除,提高K₂O+Na₂O的品位。试验研究采用强磁-脱泥除铁,粗精矿进行长石-石英浮选分离的选矿提纯工艺,可获得K₂O品位为6.23%、Na₂O品位为4.07%,K₂O+Na₂O=10.30%,TFe₂O₃品位为0.28%,K₂O回收率为79.37%,Na_...     

某尾矿再选降磷提铁试验研究

针对某尾矿全铁品位为56.13%,有害元素硫较低,为0.061%,但磷的含量偏高,为0.48%,采用湿式弱磁预选、粗精矿再磨至-200目70%时,二段磁选可以获得精矿品位67.92%、精矿回收率99.27%,有害元素硫磷品位分别为0.028%和0.054%的选别指标。     

尾砂中锡石的综合回收及浮选机理

对某尾砂进行了综合回收试验研究,在磨矿制度条件试验、浮选药剂条件试验的基础上进行了全流程开路试验,得到锌品位6.23%,回收率61.56%的锌粗精矿;锡品位6.00%,回收率40.00%的锡粗精矿;尾矿中含锌0.10%,锡0.07%,铁3.92%,砷0.17%.对锡石单矿物进行了浮选机理试验研究,研究发现BHA对3种矿物的捕收能力顺序为锡石方解石石英,且浮选锡石的最佳p H为9,Cu2+对锡石有明显的抑制作用,Pb2+对锡石有比较明显的活化作用.     

青海某铜铅锌多金属硫化矿选矿试验研究

为了解决青海某铜铅锌多金属硫化矿在选矿过程中铜铅锌难分离的问题,试验采用优先浮选流程以及再磨工艺,使用无毒抑制剂使铜与铅锌得到有效分离,获得合格铜精矿。闭路试验获得铜精矿铜品位为20.12%、回收率为87.37%,铅锌混合精矿铅+锌品位为48.49%,铅回收率为76.90%,锌回收率为82.76%的较好指标。     

硫化矿浮选体系中金属离子对石英浮选行为的影响

基于硫化矿物浮选过程中,尽管硫化矿物与石英的可浮性差异很大,但二氧化硅仍是硫化矿精矿中含量最高的杂质组分,是影响硫化矿物精矿质量的主要因素,对硫化矿物浮选体系中常见金属离子存在条件下戊基黄药浮选石英的行为规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:导致硫化矿精矿中石英含量高的主要原因之一是硫化矿浮选体系中存在的某些金属对石英具有活化浮选作用;Fe3+,Pb2+和Cu2+在合适的pH区间可以活化石英的浮选,而Ca2+,Mg2+和Fe2+对其可浮性没有明显影响;在浮选体系中,Fe3+,Pb2+,Cu2+,Ca2+,Mg2+和Fe2+这6种金属离子均可在石英表面吸附,但只有Fe3+,Pb2+和Cu2+作用后的石英表面可以吸附戊基钾黄药,从而活化石英浮选;溶液化学计算表明:金属离子的羟基络合物和氢氧化物是离子起活化作用的有效组分。     

老挝巴根钾盐矿区下盐段钾石盐层的成因

光卤石沉积改造后的次生钾石盐表现低溴高铷的特征, 对认识由光卤石淋滤去除氯化镁形成钾石盐的钾盐矿床具有指示意义。以矿区ZK0707钻孔的下盐层(含矿段)为研究对象,对其主量元素和微量地球化学进行分析研究。光卤石中微量元素Br、Rb、K含量及Br×1000/Cl系数的变化指示成盐卤水经过了阶段性的浓缩和淡化过程。下层盐由下至上依次为石盐岩-光卤石岩-钾石盐岩-石盐岩,与卤水蒸发浓缩的顺序相反;钾石盐岩直接沉积在光卤石层之上,且钾石盐表现低Br高Rb特征。推测巴根钾盐矿床沉积成矿模式,光卤石沉积后,通过下部盐背斜塑性流动,抬升,发生了沉积改造,光卤石在陆相水淋虑作用下生成钾石盐。因此,陆相水(裂隙水)的输入在成矿卤水演化和沉积改造过程中扮演了重要角色。     

微细粒混合磁选精矿分级—分散浮选试验研究

针对东鞍山混合磁选精矿进行了预先分级—强化分散浮选试验研究，同时结合沉降试验、动电位测试、浊度测试等分析了分选效果改善的原因.在最优条件下分级—分散浮选闭路试验可获得精矿铁品位66.24%、铁回收率79.47%的浮选指标，与单一分散浮选的闭路试验相比，精矿铁回收率提高了4.47%.沉降试验和浊度测试表明，分散剂柠檬酸及粒度组成均会影响赤铁矿-石英混合矿的分散特性，柠檬酸主要吸附在赤铁矿表面从而增大矿粒间的静电斥力，优化粒度组成实现窄级别浮选则会进一步减弱矿粒间的非选择性团聚(罩盖)，为后续浮选分离创造有利条件，这也与DLVO理论及团聚动力学的分析结果基本一致.     

Leaching of a copper flotation concentrate with ammonium persulfate in an autoclave system

The leaching behavior of a copper flotation concentrate was investigated using ammonium persulfate (APS) in an autoclave system. The decomposition products of APS, active oxygen, and acidic medium were used to extract metals from the concentrate. Leaching experiments were performed to compare the availability of APS as an oxidizing agent for leaching of the concentrate under atmospheric conditions and in an autoclave system. Leaching temperature and APS concentration were found to be important parameters in both leaching systems. Atmospheric leaching studies showed that the metal extractions increased with the increase in APS concentration and temperature (up to 333 K). A similar tendency was determined in the autoclave studies up to 423 K. It was also determined that the metal extractions decreased at temperatures above 423 K due to the passivation of the particle surface by molten elemental sulfur. The results showed that higher copper extractions could be achieved using an autoclave system.     

Use of centrifugal-gravity concentration for rejection of talc and recovery improvement in base-metal flotation

The possibility of using a centrifugal-gravity concentrator to reject Mg-bearing minerals and minimize metal losses in the flotation of base metals was evaluated. Sample characterization, batch scoping tests, pilot-scale tests, and regrind-flotation tests were conducted on a Ni flotation tailings stream. Batch tests revealed that the Mg grade decreased dramatically in the concentrate products. Pilot-scale testing of a continuous centrifugal concentrator (Knelson CVD6) on the flotation tailings revealed that a concentrate with a low mass yield, low Mg content, and high Ni upgrade ratio could be achieved. Under optimum conditions, a concentrate at 6.7% mass yield was obtained with 0.85% Ni grade at 12.9% Ni recovery and with a low Mg distribution (1.7%). Size partition curves demonstrated that the CVD also operated as a size classifier, enhancing the rejection of talc fines. Overall, the CVD was capable of rejecting Mg-bearing minerals. Moreover, an opportunity exists for the novel use of centrifugal-gravity concentration for scavenging flotation tailings and/or after comminution to minimize amount of Mg-bearing minerals reporting to flotation.     

Aerosol flotation of low-grade refractory molybdenum ores

The characteristics of aerosol flotation, which include the effect of the concentration and particle size of kerosene aerosol on the molybdenum (Mo) flotation index and the effect of kerosene aerosol dosing method on the kerosene dosage and flotation time, were studied in the flotation of low-grade refractory molybdenum ores using kerosene aerosol. The results revealed that the particle size and concentration of kerosene aerosol had little effect on the Mo grade but had significant effect on the Mo recovery. A smaller particle size and a lower concentration of kerosene aerosol were beneficial to the Mo aerosol flotation. For the received Mo ore samples, the optimized particle size of kerosene aerosol was 0.3-2 μm and the optimized aerosol concentration was 14 mg/L. The compressed air atomizer had a more uniform distribution of aerosol particles than the ultrasonic atomizer, and the aerosol concentration was controlled easily, so the compressed air atomizer was more suitable for the research of aerosol flotation. Compared with conventional flotation in which kerosene was directly added into the ore pulp, the flotation time was reduced by ~30%, and the dosage was decreased by ~20% in aerosol flotation, while the Mo flotation index was similar.     

K^＋抑制盐生植物碱蓬生长机理的研究

碱蓬幼苗用０，２５０，５００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮａＣｌ和等浓度的ＫＣｌ处理后，测定其各项生理指标。结果发现，２５０和５００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＣｌ处理后碱蓬幼苗鲜重和干重稍有下降，而含水量和肉质化程度升高；幼苗中Ｎａ＾＋含量上升而Ｋ＾＋，Ｃａ＾２＋含量下降；另外，碱蓬质膜透性稍有增大，渗透调节能力明显增加。     

Occurrence mechanism of silicate and aluminosilicate minerals in Sarcheshmeh copper flotation concentrate

The Sarcheshmeh copper flotation circuit is producing 5×104 t copper concentrate per month with an averaging grade of 28% Cu in rougher, cleaner and recleaner stages. In recent years, with the increase in the open pit depth, the content of aluminosilicate minerals increased in plant feed and subsequently in flotation concentrate. It can motivate some problems, such as unwanted consumption of reagents, decreasing of the copper concentrate grade, increasing of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ in the copper concentrate, and needing a higher temperature in the smelting process. The evaluation of the composite samples related to the most critical working period of the plant shows that quartz, illite, biotite, chlorite, orthoclase, albeit, muscovite, and kaolinite are the major Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ beating minerals that accompany chalcopyrite, chalcocite, and covellite minerals in the plant feed. The severe alteration to clay minerals was a general rule in all thin sections that were prepared from the plant feed. Sieve analysis of the flotation concentrate shows that Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ bearing minerals in the flotation concentrate can be decreased by promoting the size reduction from 53 to 38 μm. Interlocking of the Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ bearing minerals with chalcopyrite and chalcocite is the occurrence mechanism of silicate and aluminosilicate minerals in the flotation concentrate. The dispersed form of interlocking is predominant.     

Effect of sodium alginate on reverse flotation of hematite and its mechanism

Given the gradual increase in the chlorite content of hematite ores, pulp properties seriously deteriorate during flotation. The traditional anion reverse flotation of hematite cannot effectively eliminate the effects of chlorite, leading to a significant decrease in the total Fe (TFe) grade of the concentrate. In this work, the effect of sodium alginate on the reverse flotation of hematite was systematically investigated. Flotation tests of artificially mixed ores were conducted, and the results showed that sodium alginate can significantly improve the removal rates of quartz and chlorite. The adsorption measurements, infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle tests demonstrated that sodium alginate adsorbs on the quartz surface by chelating with calcium ions, thereby weakening the steric hindrance of oleate ions and increasing the adsorption capacity of sodium oleate to ultimately improve the removal rate of quartz. Furthermore, owing to its lower density and fine particle size, chlorite is easily entrained into the foam layer. Sodium alginate dramatically increases the liquid-to-gas ratio of the foam layer by increasing pulp viscosity, thereby increasing the entrainment rate of chlorite and finally improving its removal rate. The core content of this thesis bears significance in improving the Fe grade in the reverse flotation of chlorite-containing hematite.     

西藏扎布耶盐湖卤水273 K等温蒸发实验

 西藏扎布耶盐湖卤水中蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源,具有巨大的开发利用价值。盐田相分离技术是盐湖卤水资源开发利用的有效手段,而盐湖卤水蒸发实验是盐田相分离技术的基础。通过对西藏扎布耶盐湖冬季卤水进行273 K 等温蒸发实验,研究了蒸发过程中盐类结晶析出规律,发现扎布耶冬季卤水273 K 等温蒸发析盐顺序为石盐、芒硝、硼砂、泡碱、钾石盐、碳酸锂,与Na⁺、K⁺//Cl^-、CO₂^-3、SO₂^-4-H₂O五元水盐体系298 K 相图有一定区别;锂在实验中得到了有效的富集,与原卤水相比浓缩倍数达3.66 倍;钾主要以钾石盐的形式于蒸发实验中后期结晶析出,可得到较高品位的钾混盐,其中钾石盐品位最高可达到17.13%,很适合后续提取;硼砂在整个蒸发过程均有析出,相比高温条件,硼砂析出较分散且含量不高,不利于其利用。扎布耶年均气温在0℃左右,该等温蒸发实验可为低温条件下开发利用扎布耶盐湖卤水资源提供基础依据。     

海南某金矿尼尔森重选-浮选试验

以海南某石英脉型金矿石为原料,进行尼尔森重选-浮选试验研究.通过GRG试验得出金矿中重选可回收金质量分数为80.88%.通过条件试验确定了该矿石尼尔森重选-浮选的最佳条件为:磨矿细度-74μm占80%,相对离心力60g,反冲水压16kPa,矿浆质量分数40%,戊基黄药用量200g/t,浮选时间5 min.原矿石品位9.8g/t,利用尼尔森选矿机一次分选可得品位230g/t,金回收率80.30%的重选精矿.重选尾矿品位2.0g/t,经过一次粗选一次精选三次扫选处理,可得浮选精矿品位57.3g/t,浮选金作业回收率75.66%.经尼尔森重选-浮选流程处理后,尾矿金品位降至0.5g/t,全流程金总回收率95.21%.