UASB反应器处理低温低浓度生活污水试验研究

考察了厌氧处理低温（（15±1）℃）低浓度（COD400—600mg·L6-1）模拟生活污水试验规模UASB反应器的工作状况及污泥特性。以厌氧消化污泥作为接种物，以葡萄糖为有机碳源的模拟生活污水作为试验用水，采用有机玻璃制成的UASB反应器，有效容积为2．0L，试验历时174个运行日。反应器最高容积负荷达到3．0kg·m^-3d^-1，COD去除率为30％-50％。在试验运行过程中，反应器内的污泥实现了颗粒化，且沉降性能稳定良好。扫描电镜照片显示，污泥中丝状菌和杆状菌是颗粒污泥中微生物组成的优势种群。     

厌氧反应器处理涤纶聚酯废水的动力学模型与应用

采用厌氧反应器(UASB)处理涤纶聚酯废水,在UASB反应器流态分布模型的基础上,假设UASB反应器分为下部完全混合的厌氧污泥床系统,中部完全混合的污泥悬浮层系统和上部推流式三相分离区系统,在运行中的COD降解规律符合Monod方程,推导出UASB反应器的动力学方程式.试验结果证明,UASB反应器内存在明显的颗粒污泥区和污泥悬浮区,稳定运行COD的容积负荷可达6～9.5 kg/m3,COD去除率75%～80%左右,并具有启动速度快,颗粒污泥容易形成,耐冲击性负荷强等特点.图1,参9.     

UASB反应器在常温条件下处理生活污水的试验研究

在常温条件下,进行了升流式厌氧污泥床反应器(Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket简称,UASB)处理生活污水的试验研究。试验结果表明:在温度为15℃～29.2℃,HRT为6h～24h时,UASB处理生活污水有良好的处理效果,COD的去除率为60.7%～96.6%。HRT和进水浓度是影响UASB反应器处理生活污水的因素,缩短HRT会引起COD去除率的下降,提高进水COD浓度,COD去除率增加。HRT是影响COD去除率的一个重要因素。     

UASB反应器处理垃圾渗滤液的启动研究

垃圾渗滤液为难处理的高浓度有机废水,上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)工艺被证明是处理该类废水的有效手段。为此,以一系列不同渗滤液浓度的模拟废水作为进水,对逐步启动UASB反应器进行了动态小试,得出了UASB工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的较快速启动方法。结果显示:接种普通厌氧污泥,逐步增加反应器负荷,经过95 d的运行,完成启动。此时进水COD质量浓度为5 250 mg/L,COD去除率为85%,容积COD负荷达8.4 kg/(m3.d),容积产气率为5.0 m3/(m3.d),反应器底部形成少量颗粒污泥。     

内循环UASB处理高浓度丙烯酸废水

研究升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)工艺处理高浓度丙烯酸废水的可行性.试验过程中在pH、温度正常稳定基础上,以不同方式提高反应器的容积负荷,直至最大值.结果表明:UASB反应器处理高浓度丙烯酸能承受的最大负荷为13.1～13.5 kg/(m3·d).在容积负荷13.1 kg/(m3·d)、进水化学需氧量(COD)为15.234g/L下反应器可稳定运行,对COD的去除效果良好,挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)为3.5 mmol/L,出水COD为0.614 mg/L,COD去除率达87.9%.     

外循环UASB处理太湖富藻水运行特性研究

针对太湖富藻水高有机物浓度特点,研究外循环升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器处理太湖富藻水的效能和运行效果.研究表明,以城市污水处理厂活性污泥为种泥,自然腐熟5～7 d左右的太湖富藻水为原水,进水COD为1 050～2 000 mg/L,水力停留时间(HRT)为5d,(32士1)℃温度等条件下,可以在32 d内成功启动外循环UASB反应器并达到初步稳定运行.通过降低HRT,分阶段提高COD质量浓度的方法,逐步将外循环UASB处理太湖富藻水的有机负荷提高到3 kg COD/(m3·d),其COD去除率可以稳定在75％左右,产气率为0.75 L/(L·d),外循环UASB对太湖富藻水具有良好的处理效果.通过电镜观测,发现稳定运行期形成颗粒污泥,且污泥内生物相丰富,分别为丝状菌、杆状菌和球状菌等多种微生物共营生长.     

连续投加微生物絮凝剂促进厌氧污泥的颗粒化

将升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器在(35±1)℃下运行102天处理低浓度废水,研究微生物絮凝剂对厌氧污泥颗粒化的影响.结果表明:投加微生物絮凝剂或阳离子PAM(聚丙烯酰胺)对厌氧污泥颗粒化具有促进作用;连续投加微生物絮凝剂的反应器1(R1)运行43天后,容积负荷达3.8 g/(L.d)(以单位容积反应器每天的化学需氧量负荷计),而投加阳离子PAM的反应器2(R2)和对照反应器3(R3)达到同样的容积负荷分别需要44和98天;R1中的颗粒污泥在沉降性能和产甲烷活性方面优于R2中的颗粒污泥;实验结束时,R1,R2和R3的COD去除率分别为94.5%,91.7%和84.0%.     

内循环复合生物工艺处理含酚废水效能

在常温条件下,以模拟苯酚污水为处理对象,采用试验的方法,研究内循环活性污泥生物膜法去除苯酚的效果、容积负荷以及生物活性,并分析了该工艺的处理效能优势.结果表明,在75 d的运行过程中,污泥质量浓度保持在5 000 mg·L-1左右条件下,反应器苯酚的容积负荷达到1 8 kg酚·m-3·d-1,此时对应的COD容积负荷为4.7 kg COD·m-3·d-1;并且在反应器的整个运行过程中苯酚去除率始终保持在97%以上;另外,根据TTC法检测活性污泥脱氢酶活性的结果得出污泥活性对反应器的处理效能有直接影响.     

红霉素生产废水处理试验研究

利用UASB反应器处理红霉素废水试验运行结果表明:通过控制进水中COD浓度和对厌氧污泥有效的培养驯化,红霉素生产废水可以被有效处理,进水COD为6700-7500mg/L,出水COD为820-1000mg/L,反应器水力停留时间25h,容积负荷达到3-4.5kgCOD/(m3.d),COD去除率达到88%.     

中温上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)处理污泥热脱水滤液

采用中温上流式厌氧污泥床反应器在(35±1)℃下处理污泥热脱水滤液,以考察其COD去除能力和产能前景.实验运行参数如下:污泥负荷为0.05～0.39 kg COD/(kg污泥·d),水力停留时间为69.5 h,中温接种污泥为高温处理污泥热脱水滤液的实验污泥.实验结果表明:运行稳定后COD去除率达75%以上,最大日产CH_4量为266.46 mL/L,总气体产量中甲烷占比52.29%以上.反应器运行稳定后,VFA去除率可达95%以上;氨氮浓度在3.5～6.6 g/L时出现对产甲烷活性的抑制.经过40多天的实验发现,中温UASB反应器能有效去除污泥热脱水液中的COD,可有效去除氨氮,可用于污泥再处理产生的高浓度污水处理.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that