垃圾渗滤液的微波增效GAC载铁催化Fenton氧化处理

以载Fe2+颗粒活性炭(GAC)作为催化剂,采用微波增效Fenton试剂氧化工艺处理老龄垃圾渗滤液;以COD和NH3 -N的去除率为指标,分析了Fe2+负载量、GAC用量、微波处理时间、微波处理功率、H2O2用量以及处理液pH值对垃圾渗滤液Fenton氧化处理效果的影响,并进行微观分析及动力学探讨.结果表明:微波可以增强Fenton氧化效果,并促进渗滤液中胶体的絮凝,其中COD主要通过催化氧化作用去除,而NH3-N主要通过絮凝、吸附作用去除;当Fe2+的负载量为33.32 mg/g、GAC用量为10g/L、微波处理功率为720W、微波处理时间为30 min、30％H2O2的用量为0.10 mol/L、溶液初始pH=3时COD和NH3-N的去除率最高,分别达93.01％和85.76％;处理后垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物特征峰消失或大幅减弱,处理效果较好.文中还根据实验结果初步建立了微波增效Fenton试剂氧化反应的动力学模型.     

Fenton及Photo-Fenton氧化处理垃圾渗滤液的研究

通过Fenton高级氧化方法对宜昌市黄家湾垃圾处理厂的垃圾渗滤液进行了氧化降解处理,考察了Fe2 、H2O2的用量和pH等因素对垃圾渗滤液COD去除率的影响,研究了引入可见光的情况下加入C2O4-2与Fe2 的比对降解效果的影响,在pH=3.0,H2O2的量为2.0×10-2mol/L,Fe2 的量为2.3×10-3mol/L的条件下,可使垃圾渗透液的COD去除率达70.0%,在加入一定量的草酸根离子(C2O4-2/Fe2 为0.67)的可见光协助下和引入紫外光都能够极大地提高Fenton试剂对垃圾渗滤液的氧化降解的效果,并比较了在不同条件及光源下Photo-Fenton对此垃圾渗滤液的氧化降解.     

垃圾渗滤液浓缩液处理现有技术分析

垃圾渗滤液浓缩液的处理已经成为一个急迫的环境问题。目前,浓缩液的处理方式主要包括回灌、浓缩以及无害化处理3种。其中,浓缩处理主要包括基于膜技术和蒸发技术的减量方法;无害化处理主要涵盖混凝/电絮凝、吸附以及高级氧化等技术。总结了目前的渗滤液浓缩液处理技术发展现状,以期为后续的研究提供基础。     

微电解-Fenton-MAP沉淀法处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

采用了微电解-Fenton氧化-磷酸铵镁(MAP)沉淀联合处理垃圾渗滤液.试验结果表明:在HRT为80 min,pH为3.5时,微电解对垃圾渗滤液CODCr的去除率达到29.9%;微电解后的出水经Fenton进一步氧化,在pH为3,H2O2的投加量为13g/L,反应时间为25 min时,其CODCr的去除率可达81.3%;微电解-Fenton氧化后的出水再经MAP沉淀法处理,在pH为9,反应时间为25 min时,NH3-N的去除率达95%.微电解-Fenton氧化-MAP沉淀组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,其CODCr的总去除率达86.6%,NH3-N的总去除率达99.5%.     

三维电极-电Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液

研究了以活性炭和涂膜炭为填充电极的三维电极-电Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液的影响因素和处理效果．通过单因素试验确定的最佳电解奈件为：电流密度57．1mA／cm^2,曝气量0．2m^3／h,Fe（Ⅱ）投加量1．0mmol／L,初始pH为4．0．在此条件下电解180min后,COD、氨氮和色度去除率分别达80．8％、55．2％和98．6％,BOD5／COD由0．125提高至0．486由GC—MS分析结果可知,三维电极-电Fenton法对垃圾渗滤液中芳烃、烷烃、羧酸和酯类等有机物具有很好的降解效果,能有效处理垃圾渗滤液．     

拉萨生活垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液电絮凝处理研究

垃圾渗滤液是垃圾填埋场渗沥出来的高浓度的有机废水。若不妥善处理,则会对周围环境造成严重污染。文章用电絮凝技术处理拉萨生活垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液进行了实验研究。研究表明,用电絮凝技术对垃圾填埋场渗滤液能起到很好的处理效果;而且当电絮凝时间、电流密度、PH不同时,对垃圾渗滤液的处理效果也不同。当电解时间为10min,电流密度为12A/dm2,PH=8.1时,渗滤液中COD去除率为77.8%,电解后渗滤液水质能达到污废水二级排放标准。     

拉萨生活垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液电絮凝处理研究

垃圾渗滤液是垃圾填埋场渗沥出来的高浓度的有机废水。若不妥善处理,则会对周围环境造成严重污染。文章用电絮凝技术处理拉萨生活垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液进行了实验研究。研究表明,用电絮凝技术对垃圾填埋场渗滤液能起到很好的处理效果;而且当电絮凝时间、电流密度、PH不同时,对垃圾渗滤液的处理效果也不同。当电解时间为10min,电流密度为12A/dm2,PH=8.1时,渗滤液中COD去除率为77.8%,电解后渗滤液水质能达到污废水二级排放标准。     

混凝-吸附法处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究

对混凝-吸附法预处理垃圾渗滤液进行了实验研究.采用聚合氯化铝作为混凝剂,最佳投药量为500mg/L;吸附剂采用自制的改性膨润土.结果表明,渗滤液中CODCr的去除率可达79%,氨氮的去除率达46%,重金属的去除率为53%～98%.     

活性炭-H2O2催化氧化处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

处理垃圾渗滤液试验以活性炭作催化剂、H2 O2 作氧化剂。结果表明 ,在H2 O2 /COD0 =1 .5 ,活性炭 /H2 O2 =0 .6,pH值为 2的条件下反应可以在 1 80min内结束 ,其中COD及色度的去除率分别为 82 .8%和 85 .5 % ,臭味消失 ,比Fenton试剂法处理渗滤液效果要好 ,并对氧化机理进行了初步探讨     

三维电极-电Fenton法去除垃圾渗滤液中有机物

采用三维电极-电Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液,考察了垃圾渗滤液中有机物去除的影响因素及处理效果,优化了实验条件,并探讨了有机物的降解机理。结果表明,电流密度、极板间距、初始pH、Fe²⁺投加量、曝气量等参数对垃圾渗滤液中化学需氧量(COD)和总有碳量(TOC)的去除率均有一定的影响,其最佳运行参数为：电流密度57.1mA/cm²、极板间距10cm、初始pH为4.0、Fe²⁺ 投加量1mmol/L、曝气量0.2m³/h,在此条件下,COD和TOC的去除率分别达80.80%和73.26%。气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)定性分析结果显示,电解对垃圾渗滤液中芳烃、烷烃、羧酸、酯类等主要有机物具有很好的去除效果,可生化性(BOD5/COD)从电解前的0.125增大到0.486,有利于后续的生化处理。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.