基于EMI技术与PSO-BP神经网络铝梁损伤定位研究

为了定位铝梁等一维结构的损伤位置,采用压电阻抗(EMI)技术与粒子群(PSO)-BP神经网络进行研究。首先,搭建损伤检测试验平台,使用阻抗分析仪测出健康和损伤状态下的压电导纳曲线,分析不同位置压电陶瓷传感器(PZT)测量的结构谐振峰特征,并通过Pearson相关系数对导纳数据进行处理;然后,构建PSO-BP神经网络,以不同位置上的PZT传感器测得的导纳值作为网络的模式样本进行训练。结果表明,压电阻抗技术能有效识别铝梁健康、损伤工况;Pearson相关系数与PZT传感器和损伤之间的距离呈线性关系,与损伤位置间距越小,PZT测得的导纳曲线的Pearson值越大;选取PZT导纳值变化明显的频率点作为神经网络的输入向量,经过训练后的PSO-BP神经网络能够快速准确地识别铝梁损伤位置。     

埋入式压电阻抗传感器水泥封装试验研究

对经防水处理后的PZT(piezoelectric ceramic)阻抗传感器开展了封装试验研究.为了保证PZT传感器与混凝土结构的相容性,试验采用水泥作为封装材料,提出了一套PZT阻抗传感器的封装工艺.通过对封装前后PZT导纳(阻抗的倒数)进行测试可以发现:在水泥封装层固化期间,PZT导纳曲线向右发生漂移,峰值对应共振频率增大;经水泥封装的PZT阻抗传感器在封装层完全固化后导纳曲线几乎不再随时间变化,表明封装后的PZT传感器性能稳定,可用于实际混凝土结构的在线健康监测.     

基于频率跟踪法的螺栓联接状态监测研究

针对工程实际中出现的螺栓联接松动问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于压电主动式传感的结构频率跟踪的螺栓联接监测方法。根据赫兹接触理论并结合有限元仿真分析,得出了螺栓联接接触界面法向接触刚度与螺栓预紧力之间的单调函数关系,而螺栓联接结构的频率与法向接触刚度相关,进而建立了基于频率跟踪法的螺栓联接状态监测方法。建立实验装置,在螺栓联接件的非接触面的两侧分别粘贴压电材料,作为驱动器和传感器,分别激发脉冲超声波信号和接收通过螺栓联接界面的超声波响应信号,分析了响应信号的功率谱得到螺栓联接结构的频谱。实验结果表明:螺栓联接结合面的法向接触刚度与预紧力近似成对数函数关系,螺栓联接结构的某阶频率与螺栓预紧力近似成对数函数关系,从而可以通过分析螺栓联接结构的某阶频率变化得到螺栓预紧力状态。仿真结果与实验结果相一致,为螺栓联接松动问题提供了一种监测方法。     

压电阻抗法检测管道腐蚀损伤的实验研究

对油气管道的损伤进行实时监测,是建立管道健康监测系统的基本前提.本文基于压电阻抗技术进行油气管道腐蚀损伤识别实验,实测不同损伤类型的管道损伤前后及不同损伤状态下的PZT阻抗谱,探讨了管道损伤与PZT阻抗信息变化的关系.同时对实验数据进行分析,获取了与损伤类型相对应的统计特征指标变化规律,能够判断管道损伤位置和程度.     

压电阻抗法及用于土木工程结构健康监测中的研究

本文浅析阻抗法的基本原理,系统分析了压电阻抗健康监测技术的研究现状,探究了在应用和研究过程中存在的问题,并对压电阻抗法及其用于土木工程结构健康监测的进一步发展进行了展望。     

基于摄动理论的压电阻抗损伤识别分析

结合摄动理论和压电阻抗技术监测结构的损伤的发生和定位.本文利用一阶摄动方法获得了受损简支梁的特征值和模态振型的解析表达式.通过受损梁的模态振型得到了受损梁的阻抗,结合PZT与结构的压电耦合电导纳公式得到受损梁的电导纳信号,采用CC损伤指标评定结构的损伤程度.以一个受损简支梁为数值算例,计算了不同损伤条件下其电导纳信号和损伤指标的变化.当结构损伤位置同PZT之间的距离相同情况下,PZT的CC指标随损伤程度增加有减小的趋势;结构损伤程度相同的情况下,各损伤工况下的RMSD指标随损伤位置与PZT之间的距离的增加有减小的趋势.     

新型复合结构超声换能器的研制

为提高超声换能器的性能,提出一种新型的复合结构超声换能器,这种结构的超声换能器在同一只换能器中使用两种压电材料--压电陶瓷(PZT)和压电薄膜(PolyyinylideneDifluoride,PVDF),前者用于发射;后者用于接收.应用KLM(Krimholtz,LeedomandMattaei)机电耦合等效电路模型对这种换能器作了理论上的分析,并实际制作了这种复合结构的超声换能器.理论和实验结果均表明,该复合结构的超声换能器具有较小的输入功率损耗和相对较短的回响.     

基于OPCM声发射传感器的新的SHM技术

提出将地震工程中反射地震法与新型正交异性压电复合材料OPCM声发射（AE）传感技术相结合,应用到土木工程结构健康监测SHM系统中．用细观力学方法分析OPCMAE传感元件的正交异性特征,此特征克服了传统的单一压电陶瓷（PZT）换能器在监测过程中无法避免的土木工程结构构件侧面反射信号干扰的难题,采用椭圆损伤定位法确定损伤位置,使反射地震法与AE传感技术应用于SHM系统成为可能．设计了性能对比实验,在混凝土试件表面分别布置PZT元件和OPCM元件,验证了新的SHM技术应用于混凝土SHM系统的可行性以及OPCM元件避免侧面反射信号干扰的能力。     

PZT-PMN-BF压电陶瓷及压电变压器的研究

采用共沉淀法制备了纳米Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3(PZT)粉体,并经过适量的Fe3 ,Mn2 ,Bi3 ,Nb5 等离子掺杂后,制备了具有单一钙钛矿晶结构的PZT αPbMn1/3Nb2/3O3 βBiFeO3压电陶瓷粉体。通过低温烧结制备了压电陶瓷,并研制了一种Rosen压电陶瓷变压器。用扫描电镜对陶瓷微观结构进行了研究,并测量了压电变压器的电学性能。结果表明,用纳米粉体Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3制备的四元系压电陶瓷结构致密,晶粒生长正常,晶粒尺寸约为4~6μm。基于此材料制作的Rosen型压电变压器在负载阻抗为20 MΩ,输入电压为5 V条件下升压比高达420倍以上。     

螺栓松动检测的若干关键技术问题

螺栓连接结构在工程建筑领域有广泛的应用,但是螺栓在长期使用中容易产生松动,造成系统结构破坏,因此对螺栓松动情况进行检测具有重要的意义。螺栓松动检测是结构健康检测领域的重要问题,首先综述了螺栓预紧力测量和螺栓松动检测的基本理论和实现方法,提出了基于法兰位移的螺栓松动检测方法。将螺栓松动的检测方法分为离线检测和在线检测两大类,共介绍了6种螺栓松动检测方法,对每种方法分别介绍了它们的理论原理和目前的研究进展。最后对这6种方法的优缺点进行了总结,并讨论了它们应用于风力发电机螺栓松动检测的可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with