路代数的同构

设K(Δ)表示有向图Δ在域K上的路代数,本文证明:(1)K(Δ)~+与K(Γ)~+代数同构当且仅当Δ与Γ边同构。(2)K(Δ)与K(Γ)代数同构当且仅当Δ与Γ同构。     

关于τ-刚性模的注记

给定一个本原不可分解的代数Λ,如果Λ的所有的τ-刚性模都是投射模,则它是局部代数.对于任意一个本原的不可分解代数Γ,内射模DΓ是τ-刚性模当且仅当Γ的自内射维数小于或等于1,其中D为通常的对偶.     

优扩张和Auslander型条件

如果Γ是阿廷代数Λ的优扩张,证明了Λ满足(l,n)-条件当且仅当Γ满足(l,n)-条件.     

集合Λ上的半格Γ确定的二元关系半群P_Γ(Λ×Λ)的不可分解元

设Λ是任意的非空集合,Γ是集合Λ上的半格,PΓ(Λ×Λ)是集合Λ上的半格Γ确定的二元关系半群。得到了半群PΓ(Λ×Λ)的不可分解元的一个充分必要条件,并且在一定条件下找到了一类不可分解元。     

分布函数属于D(A)吸引场的充要条件

通过考虑D(Λ)与Γ函数的关系得到判断分布函数F是否属于D(Λ)的两个充要条件: 1．(1)若F∈D(Λ),则对任意的αi>0,m>1有 (■) (2)若存在某αi>0,m>1,使得 (?) 那么 F∈D(Λ) 2．若分布函数F(x)有密度函数F′(x),且F′(x)在上端点的某一个左邻域内非增,则F(x)∈D(Λ)当且仅当 1/F′(x)∈Γ．     

集合Λ上的简单半格Γ确定的二元关系半群P_Γ(Λ×Λ)的幂等元和极大子群

设Λ是任意的非空集合,Γ是集合Λ上的简单半格,P_Γ(Λ×Λ)是集合Λ上的简单半格Γ确定的二元关系半群,也是集合Λ上半格Γ确定的二元关系半群中的一类特殊的半群.首先通过简单半格的性质和利用集合Λ上半格Γ确定的二元关系半群的Green-关系已有的结论,刻画了半群P_Γ(Λ×Λ)的幂等元,从而得到半群P_Γ(Λ×Λ)的所有幂等元构成一个子半群.根据幂等元的结构,证明了半群P_Γ(Λ×Λ)的极大子群是由一个幂等元构成的单位元群.     

Clifford代数C(Λ)的E(n)-模代数结构

对于域k上任一个m×m矩阵Λ∈Symm(k)定义了一个Clifford代数C(Λ),C(Λ)同构于自由代数Fm(Γ)模去某个理想I的商代数.证明了I是Fm(Γ)的E(n)-子模,由此推出C(Λ)也是一个E(n)-模代数,它的E(n)-模作用由E(n)在Fm(Γ)上的作用导出,记这样的Clifford E(n)-模代数为C(Λ,Γ),同时刻画了C(Λ,Γ)的相关结构.     

给定零点的指数型整函数(Ⅰ)

设Λ是具有有限上半密度的正数列,Γ是右半平面中对称的,具有有限上半密度,且落在角域中的复数列,f,g是分别以Γ,Λ为零点的指数型整函数.论文对Γ和Λ的关系与f和g在虚轴上的增长性比较,给出了充要条件.     

主同余子群的Γ（n）-稳定化子

本文研究了使得主同余子群Γq（n）的共轭子群BΓq（n）B-1包含于完全模群Γ（n）的一切有理数矩阵B的集合Λ,发现了判别矩阵在Λ中的一个必要条件,并且在n ＝2时,给出了Λ的一个非平凡的极大稳定子群。     

矩阵代数上保Jordan可逆性的线性映射

设Λ表示复数域上二阶全矩阵代数或上三角矩阵代数.利用矩阵标准形和矩阵性质,刻画满足如下性质的线性映射φ:Λ→Λ,存在矩阵Y∈Λ使得X。Y=I当且仅当存在矩阵Z∈Λ使得φ(X)。Z=I,?X∈Λ.给出了φ的具体形式,拓展了矩阵代数保持问题的研究内容.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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