盆炎净颗粒的免疫调节作用研究

目的研究盆炎净颗粒的免疫调节作用。方法观察盆炎净颗粒对非特异性免疫、细胞免疫及体液免疫的影响。即对环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力的影响、对2,4-二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型超敏反应的影响以及对环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠血清溶血素生成的影响。结果盆炎净颗粒有明显提高环磷酰胺所致的免疫功能低下小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力的作用,对2,4-二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型超敏反应有明显抑制作用,而对环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠血清溶血素的生成没有影响。结论盆炎净颗粒具有提高机体非特异性免疫和细胞免疫的作用。     

痛利舒颗粒治疗急性痛风性关节炎的实验研究

通过对痛利舒颗粒的相关药理学研究，评价其对急性痛风性关节炎的治疗作用。建立尿酸钠致急性痛风性关节炎大鼠模型，给予痛利舒颗粒3.24、6.48、12.96 g/kg，考察对踝关节肿胀程度的改善情况；采用热板法测定小鼠痛阈值，给予痛利舒颗粒4.68、9.36、18.72 g/kg，评价其镇痛作用效果；建立巴豆油致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型，给予痛利舒颗粒4.68、9.36、18.72 g/kg，观察其抗炎作用的效果。结果显示,痛利舒颗粒可以改善大鼠踝关节肿胀程度和降低炎症因子TNF α、IL 6含量，提高热板法所测的小鼠的痛阈值，具有一定的镇痛作用，亦对巴豆油所致小鼠耳廓肿胀有一定的抗炎作用。     

清肺止咳平喘颗粒抗炎和免疫抑制作用初探

目的观察清肺止咳平喘颗粒的抗炎、免疫作用。方法用二甲苯及琼脂建立炎症模型观察清肺止咳平喘 颗粒对急性炎症及慢性炎症的作用;从体液免疫和细胞免疫两方面观察清肺止咳平喘颗粒的免疫作用。结果清 肺止咳平喘颗粒可明显对抗急性炎症和慢性炎症,抑制体液免疫和细胞免疫。结论清肺止咳平喘颗粒有较好的 抗炎和抑制免疫的作用。     

固本止咳平喘颗粒抗炎、免疫作用的实验研究

目的观察固本止咳平喘颗粒的抗炎、免疫作用。方法用二甲苯及琼脂建立炎症模型观察固本止咳平喘 颗粒对急性炎症及慢性炎症的作用;从体液免疫和细胞免疫两方面观察固本止咳平喘颗粒的免疫作用。结果固 本止咳平喘颗粒可明显对抗急性炎症和慢性炎症,对体液免疫和细胞免疫具有调节作用。结论固本止咳平喘颗 粒有较好的抗炎和免疫调节作用。     

骨疏颗粒对去势雌性大鼠骨关节炎的影响观察

观察骨疏颗粒对去势雌性大鼠骨关节炎模型的性激素、炎性因子影响,以及骨疏颗粒治疗去势后雌性大鼠骨关节炎的疗效.将60只SD大鼠随机分为4组:模型组、正常对照组、戊酸雌二醇组、骨疏颗粒组.采用卵巢摘除联合过度运动制作骨关节炎模型,观察大鼠性激素、炎性因子改变.结果表明,与模型组比较,骨疏颗粒组及雌激素组均可以改善去势雌性大鼠性激素、炎性因子水平(P0.01或P0.05),二者之间无显著差异(P0.05).骨疏颗粒能治疗和延缓去势雌性大鼠骨关节炎病变,与戊酸雌二醇无显著性差异.     

蒙药呼和嘎日迪九昧丸的抗炎和镇痛作用研究

目的：探讨呼和嘎日迪九味丸的抗炎作用,以及观察其对醋酸致小鼠腹痛的镇痛作用．方法：建立二甲苯致小鼠耳廓炎症、角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖炎症和小鼠棉球肉芽肿的动物模型．结果：呼和嘎日迪九味丸对二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓炎症、角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖炎症以及小鼠棉球肉芽肿有显著的抑制作用．此外,也能明显减轻醋酸所致的腹痛。结论：呼和嘎日迪九味丸具有明显的抗炎和镇痛作用．     

壮药痛风康颗粒对实验性痛风的作用研究

【目的】观察壮药痛风康颗粒对实验性痛风的治疗作用,为其在临床上应用提供药理学依据。【方法】采用次黄嘌呤诱导高尿酸血症模型、尿酸钠(MSU)诱导大鼠足跖肿胀模型,分别观察痛风康颗粒对高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸、对MSU所致大鼠足跖肿胀的影响;采用小鼠热板法、醋酸致小鼠扭体法观察痛风康颗粒的镇痛作用;观察灌胃给药的LD50,评价其药物安全性。【结果】痛风康颗粒对高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸具有显著降低作用(P0.05,P0.01);对MSU所致大鼠足跖肿胀程度有明显的抑制作用(P0.05,P0.01);灌胃给予痛风康颗粒60min后,痛风康颗粒可显著提高小鼠热板痛阈,降低醋酸引起的小鼠扭体反应次数(P0.05);经灌胃给药的LD50为116.30g药材/kg。【结论】痛风康颗粒可降低高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸、抑制大鼠足跖肿胀,且具有镇痛作用,具有一定的抗痛风作用,口服应用具有较高的安全性。     

胃炎消冲剂对水杨酸致大鼠萎缩性胃炎的治疗作用

目的用大鼠实验性慢性萎缩性胃炎动物模型,观察中药复方胃炎消冲剂对此模型的治疗作用.方法用改良的水杨酸灌胃法制备慢性萎缩性胃炎模型.以三九胃泰为阳性对照药,观察胃炎消冲剂对模型大鼠胃酸分泌,胃蛋白酶活性,胃肠蠕动功能及胃粘膜病理变化的影响.结果胃炎消冲剂可明显提高慢性萎缩性胃炎模型大鼠的胃液酸度,增强胃蛋白酶活性,减轻胃粘膜萎缩,对胃肠排空速度无影响.结论胃炎消冲剂可提高胃液酸度及胃蛋白酶粘性对大鼠实验性慢性萎缩性胃炎有显著的治疗作用,且不影响胃肠蠕动功能.其疗效优于三九胃泰.     

藏药五味沙棘口服液对实验性慢性支气管炎大鼠模型的防治作用研究

为观察五味沙棘口服液对实验性慢性支气管炎动物模型的防治作用,初步探讨其作用机制,采用改良烟熏法复制大鼠慢性支气管炎模型,分为7组,按设计剂量分别灌胃给药,连续21d,末次给药后第2d取样,测定各组大鼠血清、肺组织及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中内皮素(ET-1)、一氧化氮(NO)肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL-8)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量.取部分肺组织进行病理学观察.结果显示模型组大鼠血清、肺组织及BALF中TNF-α、IL-8、ET-1、MDA含量均较正常组明显升高(P0.01),NO含量则明显低于正常对照组(P0.01).治疗组(除五味沙棘口服液低剂量组)大鼠血清、肺组织及BALF中TNF-α、IL-8、ET-1、MDA含量较模型组明显降低(P0.01或P0.05),NO含量则明显高于模型组(P0.01或P0.05),改善肺组织病理损伤.藏药五味沙棘口服液在一定程度上可治疗慢性支气管炎,且对肺组织具有一定的保护性.其作用机制可能与它增强肺组织自由基清除能力、改善机体功能状态、抑制炎性细胞因子的释放有关.     

癫痫清颗粒对戊四唑诱发大鼠癫痫模型的影响

目的观察癫痫清颗粒对戊四唑诱发大鼠慢性癫痫模型的影响。方法大鼠腹腔注射10 g·L-1戊四唑(40 mg·kg-1),隔日1次,连续4周,停药l周后,再次注射相同剂量的戊四唑,根据癫痫发作级别随机分为7组每组10只,连续灌胃给药治疗四周,末次给药1 h后除空白对照组外各组大鼠腹腔注射10 g·L-1戊四唑(40 mg·kg-1),记录各组大鼠癫痫发作级别,并通过HE染色观察癫痫清颗粒对戊四唑诱发大鼠慢性癫痫模型海马组织结构的影响,并通过免疫组化染色及免疫印迹法观察癫痫清颗粒对戊四唑诱发大鼠慢性癫痫模型海马组织凋亡因子表达的影响。结果癫痫清颗粒组癫痫发作级别显著低于模型对照组,与模型对照组相比癫痫清颗粒可显著降低大鼠脑海马CA1区AIF和Ba X的表达,与模型对照组相比癫痫清颗粒可显著增加大鼠脑海马CA1区Bcl-X/S+L的表达。结论癫痫清颗粒对戊四唑诱发大鼠慢性癫痫模型具有呈剂量依赖性的保护作用。     

黄甲软肝颗粒对人血白蛋白致免疫性肝纤维化模型大鼠的影响

目的观察黄甲软肝颗粒对人血白蛋白( human serum albumin,HSA)所致的Wistar大鼠免疫性肝纤维化的保护作用。方法采用体内实验,将72只雄性大鼠随机分成阴性对照组、模型组、阳性药组、黄甲软肝高、中以及低剂量组剂量组,建立HSA致大鼠免疫性肝纤维化模型,计算肝、脾系数,测定血清中肝纤维化标志物含量、丙氨酸氨基酸转移酶( ALT) 、天门冬氨酸转移酶( AST)等相关生化指标,并检查肝脏病理形态改变。结果与模型组比较,黄甲软肝三个剂量组大鼠血清透明质酸( HA)含量显著降低;高剂量组血清层粘连蛋白( LN) 、Ⅲ型前胶原( PCⅢ )水平、ALT 和 AST 显著降低;高剂量组及中剂量组肝纤维化病变明显减轻。 结论 黄甲软肝颗粒能显著改善 HSA 所致的免疫性肝纤维化大鼠的肝纤维化程度。     

Chronic stress induced proliferation and activation of mast cells of gastric antrum in rats

To explore chronic eration and activation of mast heterotypic stressors induced prolifcells in gastric antrum mucosa by ultrastructure alterations of mast cells, chronic unpredictable heterotypic stressors were used as a study model. The mean immunofluorescence magnitude of mast cell protease 1 （MCP-1） taken from chronic stress rats were 37.4±7.7, significantly higher （p〈0.05） than the value of normal control group （24.8±5.6）. Chronic unpredictable haterotypic stressors appeared also to induce ultrastructure alterations of mast cells. It indicated that mast cells were proliferated and activated, while mast cell granules were hyperplasiaed. Most granules had obvious intragranular changes with loss of electron-dense material. The morphologic evidence showed that macrophages and leukocytes infiltrated in chronic stress rats. Some granules of leukocytes adhered to the surface of mast cell, and formed a bridge. Macrophages phagocytized the mast cell granules.     

苦荞芽提取物的镇痛抗炎作用

目的：观察苦荞芽提取物的镇痛抗炎作用．方法：用热板法观察苦荞芽提取物对小鼠的镇痛作用,用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型,观察苦养芽提取物对小鼠的抗炎作用．结果：苦荞芽提取物能延长小鼠舔后足潜伏期,对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀有明显抑制作用,与生理盐水组比较,具有差异性（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）．结论：苦荞芽提取物具有镇痛抗炎作用．     

益气活血化瘀汤治疗慢性盆腔炎35例

目的:探讨益气活血化瘀汤治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床疗效。方法:选用70例气虚血瘀型的慢性盆腔炎患者,随机分为两组,每组35例。治疗组用益气活血化瘀汤治疗,对照组用用左氧氟沙星加替硝唑治疗。以连续用药2周为1个疗程,3个疗程后进行疗效评价。结果:治疗组总有效率为91.43%,对照组总有效率77.14%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗组疗效优于对照组。在降低临床症状总积分方面,治疗组对中度、重度慢性盆腔炎的效果优于对照组(P0.05)。同时与对照组相比,治疗组能促进炎症恢复,使盆腔炎症包块明显缩小或消失(P0.05)。结论:益气活血化瘀汤治疗气虚血瘀型慢性盆腔炎有良好疗效,能明显该改善其临床症状。     

Cloning of the mycobacterial epitope recognized by T lymphocytes in adjuvant arthritis

Adjuvant arthritis (AA) is a chronic disease inducible in rats by immunization with an antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After the isolation of arthritogenic T-cell lines and clones, it became possible to demonstrate that the critical M. tuberculosis antigen contained an epitope cross-reactive with a self-antigen in joint cartilage. Like AA rats, patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis demonstrated specific T-lymphocyte reactivity to the M. tuberculosis fraction containing the cross-reactive epitope. To characterize the critical M. tuberculosis epitope we used AA T-cell clones to screen mycobacterial antigens expressed in Escherichia coli and genetically engineered truncated proteins and synthetic peptides. The AA T-cell clones recognized an epitope formed by the amino acids at positions 180-188 in the sequence of a Mycobacterium bovis BCG antigen. Administration of this antigen to rats induced resistance to subsequent attempts to produce AA.     

消渴通络颗粒改善糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变的作用

目的:观察消渴通络颗粒对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱发的糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变的影响.方法:采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素制备糖尿病大鼠模型.成模大鼠随机分为模型组、阳性对照组、消渴通络颗粒高、中、低剂量组,分别用蒸馏水、质量分数为2.8 g/ks消渴丸、消渴通络颗粒质量分数分别为4.48、2.24、1.12 g/kg剂量每天1次灌胃,连续给药8周.8周后检测血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)以及血浆中一氧化氮(NO)浓度,用生物机能实验系统BL410软件测定大鼠坐骨神经传导速度的变化.结果:消渴通络颗粒能明显提高糖尿病大鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和血浆中一氧化氮(NO)浓度、降低丙二醛(MDA)浓度(P<0.05或P<0.01),并能明显提高坐骨神经的传导速度(P<0.05).结论:消渴通络颗粒改善糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变导致的传导速度减慢,可能与抗氧化、升高一氧化氮(NO)等作用有关.     

Bifidobacteria can protect from enteropathogenic infection through production of acetate

The human gut is colonized with a wide variety of microorganisms, including species, such as those belonging to the bacterial genus Bifidobacterium, that have beneficial effects on human physiology and pathology. Among the most distinctive benefits of bifidobacteria are modulation of host defence responses and protection against infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects have barely been elucidated. To investigate these mechanisms, we used mice associated with certain bifidobacterial strains and a simplified model of lethal infection with enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7, together with an integrated 'omics' approach. Here we show that genes encoding an ATP-binding-cassette-type carbohydrate transporter present in certain bifidobacteria contribute to protecting mice against death induced by E. coli O157:H7. We found that this effect can be attributed, at least in part, to increased production of acetate and that translocation of the E. coli O157:H7 Shiga toxin from the gut lumen to the blood was inhibited. We propose that acetate produced by protective bifidobacteria improves intestinal defence mediated by epithelial cells and thereby protects the host against lethal infection.     

Alpha-haemolysin of uropathogenic E. coli induces Ca2+ oscillations in renal epithelial cells

Pyelonephritis is one of the most common febrile diseases in children. If not treated appropriately, it causes irreversible renal damage and accounts for a large proportion of end stage renal failures. Renal scarring can occur in the absence of inflammatory cells, indicating that bacteria may have a direct signalling effect on renal cells. Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) oscillations can protect cells from the cytotoxic effects of prolonged increases in intracellular calcium. However, no pathophysiologically relevant protein that induces such oscillations has been identified. Here we show that infection by uropathogenic Escherichia coli induces a constant, low-frequency oscillatory [Ca2+]i response in target primary rat renal epithelial cells induced by the secreted RTX (repeats-in-toxin) toxin alpha-haemolysin. The response depends on calcium influx through L-type calcium channels as well as from internal stores gated by inositol triphosphate. Internal calcium oscillations induced by alpha-haemolysin in a renal epithelial cell line stimulated production of cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. Our findings indicate a novel role for alpha-haemolysin in pyelonephritis: as an inducer of an oscillating second messenger response in target cells, which fine-tunes gene expression during the inflammatory response.