矩形水平扩散槽中水跃的水力计算

本文在前人对矩形水平扩散槽中水跃理论研究和试验资料的基础上,对各家水跃方程及跃长公式进行了比较,初步得出可供采用的跃长公式;用抛物线代替水跃水面的实际轮廓,提出的无量纲水跃方程为: (F_(γ1))~(1/2)=((ηβ/30(1-ηβ))[(14+β)+4η(β-1)-5η~2(β+2)])~(1/2)经与模型试验资料验证,颇为接近,并已绘制成η～β～(F_(γ1))~(1/2)关系曲线,利用图解跃后水深h_2很简便,可供设计者之参考,为了便于应用,文中还列举了算例。     

通气超空泡通气率影响的数值仿真研究

采用理论分析、数值模拟与试验相结合的方法,对水下航行体通气超空泡通气率问题展开研究.主要利用商业软件Fluent6.3对小空泡数下的通气超空泡的通气率进行了数值仿真研究.通过模拟结果对通气空化数一定时,自然空化数和弗劳德数对通气系数的影响进行分析,并利用实验数据进行了验证.由分析得出结论:要形成相同尺度的通气超空泡,通气流量和通气率随着自然空化数和弗劳德数的增加而增加.最后得到通气率与自然空化数、弗劳德数关系的一个简单定量关系式,利用该关系可以外推出估计实际初始流场参数条件下形成指定相对尺寸的通气超空泡需要的通气量,对工程试验有一定的作用.     

降雨和坡度对坡面流水动力学参数的影响

坡面流是土壤侵蚀和泥沙输移的动力,其水力学参数是构建侵蚀物理模型的基础.本文通过上方来水和模拟降雨试验,探讨了降雨和坡度（2.6%—25.9%）对坡面流水力学特性的影响.结果表明,坡面流速随坡度的增大而增大,而水深与坡度呈反势.总体上坡面水流呈条带状或斑点状分布,降雨具有增大陡坡表层流速效应,且平均流速与表层流速之比主要在0.4—0.7之间.一般地,坡面流有滚波产生,滚波数随坡度的增大而增加,而波高和波长在坡度为5.2%时达峰值,尔后呈减小趋势.降雨可触发更多滚波产生,但对波形影响不显著.随着坡度的增大,水流弗劳德数和阻力系数分别呈增大和减小趋势,且降雨对它们均无显著影响.在试验条件下,弗劳德数与水流阻力关系较雷诺数更为密切,这可能说明弗劳德数对坡面流阻力具有重要意义.     

有局部边界约束的明流泄洪洞泄流特异性与水力优化研究

洞、渠组合的长距离泄流系统受大变幅水流条件的影响和局部边界约束,沿程流态十分复杂,因此泄流安全的研究十分必要.本文借助水力模拟与理论分析,以某抽水蓄能电站水库的明流泄洪洞、渠系统为例,研究了复杂运用条件的水力学特性.研究发现泄流过程中因边界约束出现的洞内水跃使跃后缓流段过流能力剧减,引发洞内壅塞与明渠局部漫溢,出现水深随流量改变呈驼峰曲线变化的泄流特异性.这一特异性与洞内水跃的发生及当地的流态转换密切相关,表现为无量纲水深与水流Fr的波状函数关系,相应的特征水深则随Fr呈幂函数规律变化.针对洞内水跃引发的洞内壅塞与明渠漫溢等泄流安全问题,基于多目标、多约束条件的水力优化分析,提出了"抑制洞内水跃强度、控制流量与流态协调性"的泄流运行原则,并据此对泄流系统进行了体型优化.试验研究表明通过调整泄流系统的纵横剖面,协调各段的泄流能力与流态,控制特殊部位的水流能量关系,可以有效削弱、控制局部边界约束引发的泄流特异性,消除洞内壅塞,满足复杂水流条件下的泄流安全要求.     

二阶无穷多点半正边值问题正解的存在性问题

研究二阶无穷多点半正边值问题:x″(t)+λf(t,x(t))=0,0ξ1>ξ2>…>ξn>…>0,0<η1<η2<…<ηn<…<1,αi,βi∈(0,∞),0<∑∞i=1αi(1-ξi)<1,0<∑∞i=1βiηi<1且ρ∞=∑∞i=1αiξi1-∑∞i=1(β)i+1-∑∞i=1(βiη)i1-∑∞i=1α()i>0.给正参数λ和函数f(t,x(t))赋予一定的条件,使得上述问题至少存在一个正解.该文应用锥上不动点定理证明了主要定理.     

水下航行体行进阻力与自由水面兴波实验和数值研究

采用物理模型实验与计算流体力学方法,对潜艇不同潜深和弗劳德数条件下的阻力与自由水面兴波进行了研究,并通过多项式拟合对不同潜深条件下阻力随弗劳德数的变化关系进行了分析.研究结果表明,当潜深较大时,潜艇阻力与弗劳德数呈二次幂的关系,且拟合相关度较高;当潜深较小时,二次多项式拟合相关度降低.阻力随潜深的变化基本上先增大而后减...     

U形渠道临界水深、弗劳德数和水跃的研究

提出了U形渠道临界水深、弗劳德数和水跃的计算方法。给出了U形渠道临界水深的迭代计算公式和弗劳德数的显式计算公式,推导出了U形渠道的水跃方程,与文献[7]的实测数据进行了对比分析,验证了公式的可靠性。     

水平多股淹没射流理论及试验研究

针对水利水电工程中高水头、大单宽流量泄洪消能问题,提出多股多层水平淹没射流新型消能型式.对这种复杂三元混合淹没水跃进行了理论分析,推导出跃前水深和跃后水深之比和消能率计算公式.对其流动的水力特性和消能机理进行了分析和试验研究,测量了消力池内压力分布规律、水面形态、流速分布和脉动压力特性.分析了出口体型参数对流态稳定性和水力特性的影响,获得体型参数与水力要素之间的关系以及变化规律.分析了多股多层水平淹没射流消能机理,尤其是强剪切消能和小尺度漩涡消能的效率和机制.研究表明,它是一种流态稳定、适应性强、低雾化、高消能率的新型消能方式,能够减轻工程建设给环境带来的不利影响,有利于工程应用.研究成果为实际工程设计提供了科学理论依据.     

纵向弯道水流的研究

本文对纵向弯道（抛物线段与反弧段）水流．结合工程进行了理论分析和实验研究．给出了抛物线型的表达方程及其参数．得出了抛物线段水深和压力分布的近似计算式和反弧段上水流压力分布公式，从理论上给出了这两种曲线在隧洞上、下游不同底坡上联接点的位置，并与实验结果进行了验证对比．     

η-凸函数的不等式

从η-凸函数的定义出发,得到已有η-凸函数的Hermite-Hadamard型不等式和Hermite-HadamardFejér型不等式的推广和加强,还得到与凸函数的Bullen不等式对应的不等式.利用η-凸函数与其导函数的关系,建立了η-凸函数的新的不等式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with