气流纱的拉伸特性研究

本文讨论气流纱的拉伸特性。Hearle曾对具有理想结构纱线的拉伸特性进行过比较完整的研究工作。本文则根据气流纱独特的成纱结构,对Hearle理论在气流纱中的应用作了一定的修正,并在此基础上对气流纱的拉伸特性作了分析计算。计算结果与实测结果基本相符。最后还从气流纱的应力-应变关系式中,就影响气流纱强力、初始模量以及断裂功等等力学特性的一些主要工艺参数进行了分析讨论。得出合理选用阻捻盘、很好控制捻度传递长度;合理设计与选用分梳及输棉机构,在不断改善单纤维供应的同时,尽量减少纤维损伤,提高纤维有效长度;适当提高纺纱张力,增加纤维转移等等都是改善气流纱强力等力学特性、提高成纱质量的有效途径。对工业用气流纱,还可通过合理设计凝棉槽,以提高气流纱紧密度的途径来提高气流纱强力。     

BALANCING TORQUE OF SINGLES COTTON ROTOR YARNS

This paper reports a recent development of a yarn modification process to produce torque balanced singles spun yarns. Taking advantages of the core-sheath structure of unconventional spun yarns, we have developed a yarn modification process and applied it to singles yarns spun by rotor spinning. Torque free singles yarns have been produced from 100% cotton fibers. The spirality of resultant single jersey knit fabrics has been greatly reduced or, in some cases, completely eliminated. Properties and performance characteristics of both parent and modified yarns as well as their resultant fabrics have been evaluated including the yarn tensile properties, surface properties, handle, air permeability, burst strength, and pilling resistance of the fabrics.     

转杯纱缠绕纤维对成纱强力的影响

本文提出用缠绕纤维角度分布、松紧度、稀密度、重量百分率等,作为缠绕纤维结构模式的特征量;并通过对不同工艺参数生产的转杯纱,进行缠绕纤维和成纱强力的测试与分析。最后得出不同工艺参数与缠绕纤维结构模式特征量的关系,及其对成纱强力的影响具有明显的规律性。     

转杯速度与成纱质量关系的研究

本文探讨了国产转杯纺纱器的转杯速度与成纱质量的关系,采用经过优化的转杯、隔离盘和假捻盘进行纺纱。试验结果表明,随着转杯速度的提高,成纱质量基本上呈下降趋势。但在杯速为50000 r/min 左右时,成纱质量的几项主要指标最佳。这对于合理设计转杯速度具有一定的参考价值。     

STRUCTURAL VARIATIONS OF HOLLOW SPINDLE WRAP SPUN YARNS

The structure of a hollow spindle wrap spun yarn depends greatly on the steadiness of bindertension and of balloon rotation.The two commonly used binder bobbin forms,the cop type andthe flanged type,both as sources of spinning condition fluctuation,are examined in order to revealtheir effects on the wrap spun yarn structure.False twist is introduced on hollow spindle spinningmachines in order to avoid strand breaks before it is tightly wrapped up.However,an investigationof the false twisti g-wrapping process shows that this inevitably causes irregular yarn tortuosity.     

THE PRACTICE OF ROTOR SPINNING IN PRODUCING SILK NOIL YARN AND THE DEVELOPMENT IN WOVEN FABRICS AND KNITTED GOODS

At present, we have succeeded in producing silk noil yarn by rotor spinning, and obtained good economic benefits. In this paper, through combining with the recent producing practice, systematically discussing and analysing the technology in the process of producing silk noil yarn by rotor spinning, we develop the new technology which is suited to produce silk noil yarn by rotor spinning, and address several noticable problems. The conclusions have been put into practice and proved to be effective and reliable. It can be consulted by the textile mills.     

REPORT ON A PROJECT AIMED AT INCREASING THE STRENGTH OF FRICTION SPUN YARN BY USING A FALSE TWIST PROCESS

The lower strength of friction spun yarns has became a key problem that hinder the develop-ment of friction spinning,especially in high speeds and fine yarns.In this paper a project aimed atincreasing the strength of friction spun yarns by using a false twist process has been made.In re-ported experiment false twist was inserted into the yarn which has been formed on a friction spin-ning machine,so that it made the yarn untwist at first,then regain the twist.In the meantime draftwas applied to generate more tension than that which had been experienced during yarn formationon the friction spinning machine.It made the yarn reforming and the loosely bound fibres in thefriction spun yarn formed due to extremely low tension on the friction spinning machine becametighter.Results indicate that with the proper draft,tension and false twist the tenacity of processedyarn will increase more than 10%.This project is an attempt to discover whether improvements can be made and whether it isworth pursuing research into modifications of yarn structure.The results imply that if the yarntension can be raised during yarn formation on the friction spinning machine or a chance is offeredto the yarn to reform after the yarn formation the yarn tenacity will be increased obviously.     

微弧氧化技术在纺杯中的应用

采用微弧氧化技术，在纺杯内，外表面上生长一层致密的陶瓷氧化层，使纺杯沟区的氧化层达到１０μｍ以上，氧化层硬度达到Ｈｖ８００，解决了纺杯沟工的耐磨问题，经试纺成纱正常，无异常变异情况，也无不正常断头，无明显挂花现象。     

转子结构对离心转子式选粉机性能的影响

通过模型实验,研究了在不同的转子结构下各操作参数对离心转子式选粉机性能的影响,并分析了性能差别的原因。结果表明,叶片式转子的选粉机具有更好的分级性能。该研究结果为解决离心转子式选粉机实际应用中所存在的问题,提供了一个有效的途径。     

麻类纤维喷气纺纱初探

本文对喷气纺纱在麻类纤维纺纱中应用的可能性进行了初步探讨。通过合理设计加捻器和工艺参数,采用喷气纺纱方法纺制含麻纤维纱线是可行的。作者用自行设计的两种型号的喷嘴成功地纺制了一系列含麻纤维喷气纱。文章对试纺情况进行了详细分析。     

含稀土镁合金的热拉伸变形行为及性能研究

本文在结合镁合金常用塑性加工工艺基础上,采用Gleeble一1500D热模拟机,在温度分别为573K、633K、693K,应变速率在0．05—10．8s^-1之间的条件下,对ME21镁合金进行高温快速拉伸试验。结果表明：合金的稳态流变应力随温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增大而增大。同一应变速率下,峰值应力随温度的增高而出现得更晚。从应力应变曲线上也能反映合金在变形阶段产生了动态再结晶。在试验条件范围内合金的高温拉伸性能强度随变形温度的升高而减小,伸长率随变形温度的升高而增大。     

SOME END-USES OF PURE RAMIE NOIL ROTOR YARNS

In the previous studies, the optimum technological combination has been obtained for producing coarse pure ramie noil yarns on rotor spinning system currently. Because of no yarn properties standard available at present for suchlike yarns, it is considered necessary to analyse the acceptability of coarse pure ramie noil rotor-spun yarns in terms of yarn properties before their products being developed. By the aid of a hypothetical concept "pure ramie noil ring-spun yarn", this paper draws the conclusion that the coarse pure ramie noil rotor-spun yarns are condsidered acceptable to a great extent; furthermore, it introduces 5 kinds of woven fabrics and 3 kinds of knitted fabrics successfully designed and developed from those yarns.     

转杯纺加工兔棉纱混纺比、假捻盘、捻系数的优化研究

本文对转杯纺加工兔棉混纺针织纱,选取兔棉混纺比、捻盘直径、成纱捻系数等三因子,进行优化设计与纺纱试验.根据试验数据,通过运算,建立试验因子与确定成纱质量指标间的回归方程。再通过计算机对各回归方程绘制两维等高线图,从图可以看出,兔棉混纺比、假捻盘直径、捻系数对成纱质量均有显著影响、同时,对试验所得数据,进行优化处理,建立数学模型,并通过计算机运算求解,结果得出:在转杯低速(35200r/min)时,纺62.5tex混纺纱,最佳工艺参数为捻系数394～399;假捻盘直径25～27mm,兔/棉混比35/65～45/55.     

管道纺包芯纱的研究

本文研究了在管道纺纱机上不添加构件而进行包芯纱的纺制。分析了其包芯纱的成纱机理。观察了实际成纱的横截面,证实了棉纤维能够均匀地、完全地包覆在芯丝的周围。也对不同性质的芯丝所纺包芯纱的结构作了观察,并对不同成纱的性质随速度增加而变化的规律作了研究。     

气流纺捻度传递长度测试与信号处理的探讨

本文探讨了气流纺捻度传递长度的新测试方法.这种测试方法采用光电传感器和微型电脑组成一个检测系统.系统软件具有采样、数字滤波、剔除坏点、寻找剥离点和分界点以及统计量的计算等功能,可准确地从复杂的原始信号中把捻度传递长度信息鉴别出来.文中还推导了捻度传递长度的理论公式,并结合测试结果进行详细的分析和讨论,得出一些有益的结论.     

转子系统超谐波共振的理论分析与实验研究

忽略机械系统中客观存在的非线性因素，对于提高机械故障诊断与预测技术水平是非常不利的．本文利用多尺度法分析了刚度非线性转子系统的横向振动，论证了当转频接近于线性化固有频率的1／2或1／3时，分别存在明显的二阶或三阶超谐波共振现象．实验结果验证了理论分析的结论．本文的研究结果有利于建立完备的回转机械故障诊断知识库．     

静电纱捻度结构特点及其股线增强的探讨

本文研究了静电纺纱的加捻过程与静电纱的捻度结构,也详细分析了静电纺纱合适的股线加捻工艺。研究结果表明:静电纱是一种具有径向捻度分层结构的差捻纱。纱的外层捻度大于内层捻度。由于静电纱的这种特殊捻度结构,如采用同向加捻的捻线工艺,可使静电纱的股线增强率高达1.4以上,从而使静电纺纱的经济效益进一步提高。     

转杯纺转杯系统的噪声分析及降噪措施

本文采用现代测试手段,分析了自排风式转杯纺纱机的转杯系统(包括转杯、轴承、蜗壳、密封圈及活络通道)的噪声特性,设计了一个降低噪声的装置。使该系统的噪声降低了3～5dB(A),而对成纱质量则无任何影响。     

管道纺成纱结构的研究

本文对管道纺纱的加捻过程作了分析,得出成纱的外层纤维捻度较大和内层纤维捻度较小的结论。然后,通过受力分析,从理论上加以证实,并采用电子显微镜等实验手段,对管道纺和摩擦纺两种成纱实物的外部结构和内部结构作了同样的观察和计算,从实验方面也证实了管道纺成纱结构是内松外紧,与摩擦纺成纱结构内紧外松正好相反,有利于提高成纱强力。