C末端是植物Fes1蛋白的必需功能域

为了研究植物Fes1蛋白C末端特有的约40个氨基酸序列的生物学功能,以拟南芥为实验材料,将C末端缺失的AtFes1A基因转化进atfes1a突变体中,研究AtFes1A蛋白C末端序列是否为功能必需的结构域。结果表明,C末端缺失的AtFes1A可以表达稳定的转录本和蛋白,但C末端缺失的AtFes1A无法修复atfes1a的热敏感性,并且转基因株系中的热激蛋白HSP70的表达水平也未恢复,因此植物Fes1的C末端是植物特有且功能必需的。     

基质金属蛋白酶-14和Bst-2通过蛋白质结构域相互作用而抑制Bst-2的生物活性

Bst-2(骨髓基质细胞抗原-2)是一种II型膜蛋白,其主要功能是抑制病毒从感染细胞释放;基质金属蛋白酶-14(MT1-MMP)是一种膜蛋白酶,其主要功能是通过激活pro MMP2在细胞生长和迁移中扮演重要角色.本研究主要探讨了MT1-MMP抑制Bst-2生物活性的分子机制.实验结果表明,MT1-MMP通过与Bst-2相互作用进而抑制Bst-2的活性和功能;并且,在此相互作用中,这两种膜蛋白的细胞质结构域(Bst-2的N-末端结构域和MT1-MMP的C-末端结构域)起到了极为关键的作用.此外,还发现Bst-2的N-末端结构域在Bst-2抑制MT1-MMP活性的过程中也不可或缺.这些结果为临床上探索抑制病毒感染和肿瘤转移的新方法和新药物研制开发提供了理论依据.     

苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素Cry7Aa1三维结构模型

运用生物信息学软件和网络数据库资源,采取同源建模的方法以毒素蛋白Cry8Ea1为模板预测了苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素Cry7Aa1的三级结构并分析了相关的生物学功能.结果表明,Cry7Aa1为3个结构域组成的近似球状蛋白,Cry7Aa1在氨基酸序列上与Cry8Ea1有40%的同源性,在三维结构_ECry7Aa1与Cry8Ea1有高度的相似性,它们结构域Ⅰ几乎完全相同,在结构域Ⅱ之间和结构域Ⅲ之间存在较小差异.Cry7Aa1与Cry8Ea1的表面电势分布不同.2种毒素具有相似的毒杀机理.模型经Ramachandran图和Verify 3D检验具有合理性.     

拟南芥中一个新的constans等位基因及特性

植物开花是由内外信号途径共同调控的,CONSTANS是长日照途径上控制开花的基因.在筛选拟南芥滞绿突变体的过程中筛选到一个晚花突变体,工作名称为fnc25.后来证实为一个新的constans突变体co-9.在长日照条件下该突变体植株高大,叶片呈深绿色,莲座叶数目增多,开花延迟,寿限显著延长;春化处理和外源施加赤霉素对其开花时间几乎没有响应,在短日照条件下开花时间几乎不变.测序发现co-9中CO基因编码区中有10个碱基的缺失导致了CO蛋白C末端92个氨基酸没有被合成,这其中包含一个CCT结构域.CO基因的功能缺失很可能是导致co-9晚花的原因.RT-PCR实验表明co-9中CO直接调控的基因FT的mRNA水平显著下调,而另一个调控的基因SOC1的mRNA水平和野生型相比没有改变.说明CO通过不同的结构域作用于下游目的基因,一个结构域的改变只影响下游一个目的基因的表达,导致co-9的晚花表型.     

辣椒遵辣一号与其野生祖先种Chiltepin BZR转录因子家族的特征

使用Local BLAST、系统进化分析、蛋白质保守结构域分析等生物信息学工具,笔者筛选出了辣椒重要栽培品种遵辣一号及其野生祖先种Chiltepin(C.annuum var.glabriusculum)基因组中的BZR转录因子成员,并对其系统进化和可能的生物学功能进行分析。结果显示:在系统进化分析中找出了与拟南芥BZR1/BZR2最同源的辣椒基因;辣椒遵辣一号与其野生祖先种Chiltepin基因组中BZR家族都比拟南芥多出2个BZR基因,这2个基因在系统进化树中单独形成1个分支,除BZR转录因子特征性的N末端外,这2个基因还有额外的糖苷水解酶家族14(Glycoside hydrolase family 14,PF01373)结构域;辣椒栽培品种遵辣一号与其野生祖先种Chiltepin的BZR基因序列和染色体位置都较保守,但也有区别,其中,遵辣一号Capana01g004209与Chiltepin Capang08g001073序列虽一致性为98%,但却从Chiltepin的八号染色体变成了遵辣一号中的一号染色体。     

款冬提取物对PICK1蛋白功能的影响

蛋白激酶Cα相互作用蛋白(PICK1)的PDZ结构域介导了PICK1和AMPAR的亚基GluR2的C末端结合,在GluR2下调引起兴奋性毒性而产生的多种神经性疾病中,PICK1的PDZ结构域是一个潜在的药物靶标.文章将重组质粒pET3a-pick1和pET-3C-GB-pdz转入E.coli BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导,在大肠杆菌中获得重组表达,目的蛋白经硫酸铵沉淀或Ni 2+-NTA Sepharose 4Bcolumn亲和层析,再经Sephacryl S-200凝胶层析纯化得到了PICK1和GB-PDZ蛋白.利用荧光光谱法初步分析了款冬提取物与PICK1及其不同结构域的结合情况,结果表明款冬提取物与PICK1的结合位点位于PDZ结构域,款冬提取物能有效抑制PDZ结构域与GluR2的相互作用.     

CCR5膜外二硫键Cys20-Cys269对其构象完整性以及功能行使起关键作用

人类化学趋化因子受体CCR5是HIV-1病毒进入人体细胞的主要辅助受体。实验表明,CCR5分子的N末端区域对化学趋化因子结合以及HIV病毒入侵起关键作用。用同源模建的方法构建CCR5结构模型,并对该模型的胞外结构域进行了1ns高温分子动力学和200ps常温分子动力学模拟。结果表明,CCR5的胞外结构域整体上表现为一个包装紧密的球形构象,二硫键Cys20-Cys269对这一构象的形成以及N末端区域的空间取向起关键作用,同时,二硫键的存在使N末端1-19区域定位在胞外结构域的顶部,并增加N末端构象柔性,使其有机会伸展到胞外空间去。根据这一结果和现有的实验证据,提出了HIV-CCR5两步结合机制。     

斧翅沙芥蔗糖转运蛋白基因PdSUT4的克隆与表达分析

通过5′和3′cDNA末端快速扩增方法获得PdSUT4基因序列,利用生物信息学软件预测蛋白质理化性质、结构域和亚细胞定位等分子特性,同时用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)进行PdSUT4基因表达模式分析.结果表明,从斧翅沙芥克隆得到的PdSUT4基因cDNA全长为2005 bp,开放阅读框1536 bp,编码511氨基酸,相对分子质量为55087.44,等电点为9.26,PdSUT4蛋白含有12个跨膜结构域,具有高等植物蔗糖/H~+共转运家族和协助扩散超家族的保守结构域,与多种植物SUT4基因编码的蛋白有较高的一致性;干旱胁迫下斧翅沙芥PdSUT4基因表达量迅速升高.PdSUT4基因的克隆与表达分析为进一步研究该基因在斧翅沙芥生长发育、逆境生理的生物学功能奠定了基础.     

结构域对小麦蛋白质二硫键异构酶性质的影响

小麦蛋白质二硫键异构酶(wPDI)由4个硫氧还蛋白结构域a-b-b'-a'和C-末端c尾组成.为考察wPDI各结构域对活性的影响,通过亚克隆表达了8个不同结构域组成的wPDI截短蛋白,表达产物经分离纯化后进行了酶学性质研究和蛋白质电泳分析.结果表明,所设计的8个wPDI截短蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21中得到了表达,金属螯合亲和层析和分子排阻层析后获得了纯度较高的wPDI截短蛋白;活性测定结果表明,wPDI的所有结构域对其二硫键氧化还原活性和分子伴侣活性都有贡献,c尾缺失不影响其异构活性,但提供了分子伴侣活性的关键氨基酸结合位点;对截短蛋白A和A'的电泳分析发现,wPDI的a结构域活性位点主要以氧化态为主,而a'结构域主要以还原态为主.研究结果为深入理解wPDI的功能性质奠定了基础.     

Characterization of the Expression of CTRP9, a Paralog of Adiponectin

Adiponectin is one of the hormones secreted exclusively by the adipose tissue with anti-diabetic anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-atherosclerotic, and insulin-sensitizing effects. Adiponectin has structural features including a signal peptide at the N terminus, a short variable region, a collagenous domain, and a C-terminal globular domain homologous to Clq. The family of proteins containing this globular domain is called the C1q/tumor necrosis factor-a-related proteins （CTRP）. Among all the CTRPs characterized so far, the CTRP9 protein has the highest homology to adiponectin. However, little is known about the functions of CTRP9. This study examines the tissue expression of CTRP9 as well as the expression of CTRP9 during mouse development and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. The effects of LPS, TNFα, and starvation on the expression of CTRP9 were also investigated. CTRP9 mRNA is shown to be expressed in a variety of tissues including the adipose tissues. The expression profile of CTRP9 differs from that of adiponectin, implying that they are functionally diverse although structurally homologous.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with