雷公藤组织培养快繁技术初探

以带腋芽的幼嫩茎段为外植体，研究雷公藤的离体快繁技术。结果表明：附加2.0mg／L BA和0.1mg／L IBA的MS固体培养基可诱导腋芽萌发，诱导率达95％；附加3．0mg/L BA和O．1mg/L IBA的MS固体培养基为适宜的芽苗继代增殖培养基，增殖率可达5．21。     

四季秋海棠的离体培养及植株再生

以四季秋海棠的叶片为外植体，对其进行了离体快繁的研究．结果表明：附加BA 1mg／L和NAA 0．1mg／L的MS培养基可诱导叶片外植体产生大量不定芽与愈伤组织，而诱导生根的最佳培养基是1／2MS IBA0．5mg／L．试管苗经过炼苗移栽，成活率较高。     

741杨离体快繁和叶片再生体系的建立

选用741杨的茎段和生根组培苗叶片为外植体,采用不同浓度组合的BA和NAA对741杨的离体快繁和叶片再生体系进行了研究。结果表明：741杨芽增值的最佳培养基为MS＋6-BA 0．5mg／L＋NAA 0．1mg／L;最佳生根培养基为MS＋IBA 0．3mg／L;741杨叶片不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为MS＋6-BA 1．0mg／L＋NAA 0．1mg/L。试验还研究了不同着生位置的叶片以及叶片在培养基上的放置方式对741杨叶片再生的影响。     

凤仙花茎段培养与快速繁殖

试验以茎段为外植体，进行凤仙花离体再生与快速繁殖技术研究．结果表明：在附加BA1．0mg／L、NAA0．2mg／L、3％蔗糖的MS固体培养基上可诱导茎段外植体直接产生大量不定芽，诱导率达100％；在含BA1．0mg／L、N从0．2mg／L、3％蔗糖的MS培养基上进行继代培养，可大量增殖；在含NAA、1．0mg／L。3％蔗糖的1／2MS培养基中长根成苗．本试验表明风仙花离体繁殖，增殖系数大，适合于种苗快速繁殖．     

青蒿离体快繁技术研究

为建立青蒿（Artemisia annua L．）快速繁殖技术体系,以青蒿带腋芽茎段作为外植体,以MS、1／2MS为基本培养基,附加不同种类、不同浓度的植物激素进行青蒿离体快繁培养研究．结果表明：外植体在MS＋6-BA1．0mg／L＋NAA0．5mg／L培养基上诱导丛生芽效果最好;1／2MS＋NAA0．5mg／L诱导生根效果最佳,可达90％．     

欧洲七叶树的离体培养及快速繁殖

对欧洲七叶树(Aesculushippocastanum L．)离体培养和高效的组培快速繁殖体系进行研究。结果表明，高约2cm的无菌苗在MS 0.6mg／L 6BA 0.0mg/L NAA或MS 0.4～0.6mg／L ZT 0.1mg／L NAA培养基上培养15d左右可诱导出不定芽，分化频率为100％，平均每株产芽35.7个；MS 0.2mg／L 6-BA 0.1mg／L NAA 10mg／L AD培养基有利于芽伸长；生根培养基为1／2MS 0.4mg／L NAA 0.2mg／L IBA时，生根率可达75％。     

龙柚离体培养快速无性繁殖技术研究

龙柚的茎尖和幼嫩的茎段离体培养快速繁殖试验研究结果：外植体用75％的乙醇浸泡0.5min后再用0．1％的HgCl2溶液浸泡10min灭菌效果最好；不同外植体的培养结果是茎段（带腋芽的）的繁殖系数大于茎尖，差异达到显著水平；培养基以MS添加6-BA0．5mg／L和IBA0．2mg／L对不定芽诱导效果最好，增殖比例达到4．2，与其它处理差异达到极显著；无根苗转入1／2 MS附加IBA1．0mg／L的培养基中不定根诱导率为78．3％．添加活性炭对培养材料生根诱导有促进效果．     

培养因子对绿玉树离体微型快繁的影响

以绿玉树的腋芽茎段和顶芽为外植体，研究不同培养基浓度、不同激素配比、外植体的放置方式以及化学物质PEG、PP333、AgN03等因子对绿玉树离体培养丛生芽产生的影响，以此筛选出绿玉树离体快繁最适培养基及培养途径。结果表明：诱导腋芽、顶芽萌发较理想的培养基为：3／4MS ZT0．5～1mg／L NAA0．01mg／L和1／2MS BA0.5mg／L NAA0．01mg／L，适宜丛生芽增殖的培养基为：MS ZT0．5～2mg／L NAA0．05mg／L GA30.01mg／L，芽的增殖系数为4．5。     

猪笼草离体培养及植株再生研究

以猪笼草的幼嫩茎段为外植体进行离体组织培养及植株再生,研究结果表明：以液体培养基1／2MS＋6-BA1．0mg／I．＋NAA0．1mg／L对芽的初始诱导以及固体培养基1／2MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．1mg／L对不定芽的增殖效果最好,增殖率达419％;生根培养基以1／4MS＋IBA0．5mg／L＋活性碳（0．01％）为最佳,生根率可达100％．     

糯米藤的离体快繁系统的建立

对糯米藤（Memorialis hirta BL.Wedd.）进行了离体快繁研究。叶片和茎段在附加NAA0．5mg/L＋KT1．0mg/L或NAA0．5mg/L 6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上，诱导形成愈伤组织后再分化形成植株；腋芽在附加NAA0．1mg/L KT1.0mg/L或NAA0.1mg/L 6-BA1.0mg/L或IAA0.1mg/L 6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上诱导出丛生芽，并再生成植株。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with