地震属性油气储层预测技术及其应用

按沿层方式对苏北盆地溱潼凹陷泰州组砂岩储层提取了20余种属性,经过优化并在最佳时窗段内通过井-震精细标定后可识别出三角洲前缘亚相沉积,指示出三角洲朵叶向凹陷深湖区的进积分布状况.对松辽盆地长岭断陷内营城组火山岩储层,按层间平均等分顶底时窗厚度作为约束界面的方式提取了30余种属性,从波阻抗及地震相的识别入手仔细区分火山岩储层地震属性平面展布特征,在已获工业油流的钻井指示下确定地震属性异常变化区域,从而有针对性圈定火山岩体储层的平面分布范围.     

层序地层学在储层建模中的应用

本文通过文献调研首先介绍了层序地层学的基本发展历程以及目前主要的层序地层学学派;再着重介绍了高分辨率层序地层学的基本原理以及高分辨率与储层建模结合的层次建模的基本原理,再通过模拟具体的研究区需要的数据准备等方法进行了描述,高分辨率层序地层学在储层建模中的应用应该起着更为广泛的作用;最后对层序地层学对储层建模的作用进行了相应的展望。     

塔河油田碳酸盐岩真假储层测井识别方法研究

塔河油田12 区奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层,储集空间结构复杂多变,孔、洞、缝发育,具有很强的非均质性。在塔河地区奥陶系发育许多测井响应特征与真储层相似,试油却为干层的假储层。如果不对这些假储层加以分析剔除,就很难准确地进行储层识别,从而造成测井解释错误,并给后续的试油和生产造成直接经济损失。因此,如何应用测井资料鉴别真假储层成为塔河地区储层测井评价的关键。通过研究总结了塔河12 区真假储层的测井响应特征,并利用常规测井、成像测井和岩芯资料等建立了该区常见真假储层识别模式,减少漏划错划储层现象,提高储层测井评价的精度。     

基于EnKF的油藏自动历史拟合方法对三相相对渗透率的反演

为解决标准集合Kalman滤波在非线性油藏反演中更新模型与更新动态场的统计不一致性问题,提出了一种改进的集合Kalman滤波方法,历史拟合过程中只对模型参数进行更新,然后利用更新的模型参数从初始状态重新运行油藏数值模拟软件进行下一拟合时刻的生产预测,协方差矩阵由从时间零运行油藏数值模拟软件得到的预测数据进行计算.理论证明了该方法与集合随机最大似然法的一致性.对某油藏的相对渗透率曲线进行了估计,比较了标准集合Kalman滤波方法与改进方法的参数估计及生产预测结果.由于保证了更新模型与更新动态场的一致性,改进的集合Kalman滤波方法得到了更好的参数估计和生产预测结果.     

羌塘盆地侏罗系低渗透砂岩储层成因分类及有利储层预测

羌塘盆地侏罗系地层厚度大,分布面积广,砂岩储层发育,但砂岩储集物性及孔隙结构普遍较差,现有露头样品分析表明,其储层主要为低一特低渗储层,侏罗系低渗砂岩储层特征主要受沉积相带与压实,胶结等成岩作用的控制,依据其储层的控制因素,将其划分为强压实型,中等压实-碳酸盐胶结型,强压溶-石英次生加大型,泥质包壳-粘土矿物胶结型,沥青充填型,不稳定组分溶解-溶蚀型6种低一特低渗砂岩储集层类型,这些类型各具不同的储集潜力和分布范围,其中,发育于三角洲前缘等相带中的不稳定组分溶解,溶蚀型低渗砂岩储层储集性能较好为羌塘盆地最有利的碎屑岩储层。     

靖边油田张家沟井区长6油藏储层特征研究

本文应用钻井取芯资料和测井资料，借用孔隙仪、电子天平等仪器设备对张家沟井区长6储层岩性、物性进行分析，进而对储层进行科学分类定名。     

塔北Y地区海相裂缝性碳酸盐岩储层特征及预测

探讨塔北Y地区海相裂缝性碳酸盐岩储层发育特征、主控因素及分布规律。通过岩心观察研究储层与裂缝的相互关系,通过单井储层建模及模型正演,分析有效储层的地震反应特征。结果表明,在研究区构造裂缝为喀斯特发育提供有利通道,裂缝与喀斯特之间的相互作用,形成有利储集空间。裂缝性储层能形成"串珠"状及杂乱状反射2种地震响应特征。利用振幅变化率地震属性对储层分布进行了预测,预测结果与裂缝发育规律吻合。     

准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火山岩储层特征研究

基于17口钻井的地质与测井资料以及141块岩石样品的物性测试结果,结合火山岩的岩性、岩相特征和产能资料分析,研究了准噶尔盆地东部石炭系不同火山岩岩体储层的特征和分布规律。结果显示,本区发育6种火山岩和2种岩相：XS3岩体以安山岩、火山角砾岩和溢流相为主;XS6岩体以碳质泥岩、火山角砾岩、凝灰岩和爆发相为主。XS3和XS6岩体的主要储集空间是溶孔,气孔和裂缝次之;物性表现为高孔、低渗的特点;喉道微细,分选差。XS3岩体整体物性优于XS6岩体。有效储层受岩性、岩相和大型断裂的控制。岩性决定了储集空间类型和物性;岩相控制储层的纵向分布;断裂控制了储层的空间展布和次生裂缝发育程度,靠近深断裂的地方,有效储层集中发育。     

中山川油区储层物性及裂缝特征研究

通过大量的岩心观察、铸体薄片鉴定、岩心和薄片的古地磁定向分析,以及油井注水实验结果的分析,对中山川油区长4+5—长6储层的物性及裂缝特征进行了研究.结果表明:油区的主力油层以低成熟度的细粒—中粒长石石英砂岩为主,储层孔隙种类较多,原生的粒间孔及次生的溶蚀孔为储层的主要储集空间;储层水平和网状裂缝非常发育,具有张裂缝特征,构造型的NE向裂缝占主要地位.在区域最大主应力的控制下,人工压裂裂缝的方向主要为NE-NNE向.     

最小流动孔喉半径法确定低渗储层物性下限

常规研究方法在低渗储层物性下限确定中有较大局限性,为了准确界定该类储层的物性下限,以压汞实验、水锁实验和核磁共振实验为基础,建立了以最小流动孔喉半径确定该类储层物性下限的方法,即从岩石的微观孔隙特征出发,首先利用实验方法确定含气层段的最小流动孔喉半径,进而根据实测数据建立孔喉半径与孔隙度、渗透率相关关系,从而确定储层的...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that