一种WDM光网络中混合波带交换算法研究

波长/波带混合交换是WDM光网络中的一个新的研究热点.提出了一种在WDM多层多粒度交换网络中新的跨层交换路由算法-最大波带链路路由算法.该算法最大限度地利用波带交换链路和波带/波长混合交换链路的容量,仿真表明该算法能降低阻塞率,有效提供网络性能.     

NGI中反应式一体化容错QoS单播路由机制

在IP/DWDM光Internet中,如何提高其容错能力同时改善其QoS(qualityofservice)是需要解决的主要问题.容错QoS路由是解决该问题的一个有效方法.采用反应式容错策略,基于启发式A算法,设计了一种一体化容错QoS单播路由机制,在寻找路由的同时进行波长分配.该机制以网络延迟、负载、波长转换代价达到平衡的最佳值为目标,兼顾波长资源的高效利用和故障恢复率的提高.仿真研究表明,该机制是可行和有效的.     

一种基于时延约束的光网络共享通路保护机制

针对实时业务在光网络上的低时延和生存性要求,提出了一种基于时延约束的光网络共享通路保护机制.考虑到低时延要求,该机制将节点的负载和波长转换情况作为处理时延的影响因素,将链路的长度作为传播时延的影响因素,为实时业务请求设计了工作路由算法,并基于波长转换对时延的影响设计了相应的波长分配方案以减少波长转换次数.在生存性方面,基于共享通路保护机制和低时延要求设计了保护路由算法及相应的波长分配方案.仿真表明,该机制是可行和有效的.     

一种WDM光网络中混合波带交换算法研究(英文)

波长/波带混合交换是WDM光网络中的一个新的研究热点。提出了一种在WDM多层多粒度交换网络中新的跨层交换路由算法—最大波带链路路由算法。该算法最大限度地利用波带交换链路和波带/波长混合交换链路的容量,仿真表明该算法能降低阻塞率,有效提供网络性能。     

IP/DWDM光因特网中的容错路由选择机制

研究了IP/DWDM光因特网中的容错路由选择机制,对动态到达的光路请求进行路由选择和波长分配,并且提供故障光路恢复能力·在考虑网络负载均衡的基础上,为光路请求进行路由选择·以减少端到端延迟为目的,提出一种启发式算法进行波长分配·针对光路上的单点/多点故障(包括链路故障、节点故障和信道故障),基于预防式和反应式容错模式,设计了四种容错路由选择机制·仿真结果表明,提出的这些机制是可行和有效的·     

分层交换波分复用网络中的路由与波长分配

提出了一种运用于分层光交换波分复用(WDM)环中的静态路由与波长分配方法,对于任意给定的业务需求矩阵,在最小化波长数的条件下,最大化波段路径数,从而最小化光端口数目以降低网络构建成本.该方法在构造环算法的基础上,将波段优先函数引入路由与波长分配的计算,在路由与波长分配过程中同时解决波段合并问题.仿真结果表明,所提出方法能够有效减少网络所需的光端口数,从而降低网络建设成本.     

波分复用光传送网的优化恢复路由

讨论了 WDM(wavelength- division multiplexing,WDM)光传送网的快速恢复问题 ,分析了保障 Qo S的意义和在恢复路由搜索中的关键技术。针对 WDM光传送网的特点 ,提出了多业务传输条件下恢复路由优化的设计思路 ,同时采用基于遗传算法的快速搜索启发式算法解决了多约束多目标优化的问题。通过对美国和意大利两个国家级干线光网实例的计算以及与 Dijkstra算法的比较 ,验证了该算法能够在链路节点故障情况下为受损业务求取多个最优恢复路由的优势     

基于流量分割的IP over WDM业务疏导机制研究

在IP over WDM网络的业务疏导中,针对大容量的高优先级业务接入阻塞率很高的问题,提出了一种基于 流量分割的业务疏导机制。该机制将一个业务请求的总流量分割为多个部分,然后根据光路径的传输时延来选择 一组恰当的子路径作为业务路由。仿真结果表明,该机制能有效地降低目标业务的阻塞概率,并提高业务接入的 公平性     

IP优化光互联网技术概述

介绍IP over WDM技术及其实现,分别就IP over WDM中的关键技术,网络设计,IP overWDM网络的服务质量,光层路由和IP层路由的协议协调等,进行了分析和探讨。     

WDM网络中带有时延感知的混合区分保护策略

针对WDM光网络中为业务提供恢复时延保证造成网络开销过大的问题,提出一种带有时延感知的混合区分保护策略.该策略感知不同业务的时延要求从而划分业务优先级,然后充分利用P圈恢复速度快和共享通路保护资源利用率高的优点,分别对不同优先级业务进行混合区分保护,从而保证高低优先级业务不同的恢复时延要求;同时,采用遗传-整数线性规划算法选择覆盖全网的最优P圈,并通过链路代价函数均衡网络负载,从而进一步提升P圈的保护性能.仿真结果表明:所提区分保护策略具有较低的网络阻塞率,有效地提升了资源保护效率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to