紬丝包芯纺纱的探索

本文介绍了一般的包芯纱,包绕纱中纤维的组合形式、纺纱方法及成纱特点。在此基础上介绍了(纟由)丝包芯纺纱的工艺、试验所用的材料、成纱品质及其与(纟由)丝的比较。从而指出(纟由)丝包芯纱兼备了(纟由)丝和化纤长丝的特点。因此,(纟由)丝包芯纺纱有继续探索的必要和可能。     

THE INFLUENCE OF COMBING ROLLER SPEED ON PURE RAMIE NOIL ROTOR YARN QUALITY AND SPINNING PERFORMANCE

This paper reports the optimum design of combing roller speed with reference to yielding 6-13 Ne(98.4—45.4 tex) pure ramie noil rotor-spun yarns. The universal rotatable composite design is adopted to get the highly precise regression equations, in which the variables are combing roller speed and yarn linear density considered to be the main technological parameters of combing roller and, the responses are the evaluation indexes concerning spinning stability, fiber length distribution of fibre ring from rotor groove and yarn properties. Based on these regression equations, the contours are plotted to analyse the influences of the parameters on the evaluation indexes; the optimization multicriteria mathematical model is simultaneously established to obtain the optimum parameters with the aid of Object Programming Approach along with Constrained Random Ray Method. Finally, an experiment is carried out to further test the acceptance of the calculated optimum values. It is shown that, for any yarn linear density within 6—13 Ne (98.4—45.4 tex), combing roller speed varying from 5000 to 9150 r/min affects content of extra-long fibre in fibre ring from rotor groove and yarn properties but does not significantly influence spinning stability; 7075 r/min, at which the SAQ-12 type of saw-toothed combing roller runs, is recommended to be the optimum combing roller speed for producing 6—13 Ne (98.4—45.4 tex) pure ramie noil yarns, where a compromise is achieved among the lowest content of extra-long fibre in fibre ring, the best spinning stability and the best yarn properties.     

紬丝纺加工过程中单纤维机械性能的变化

本文对(纟由)丝纺原料在加工过程中单纤维的机械性能变化进行了探讨,对单纤维断裂强度、断裂伸长率、初始模量、屈服应力和断裂功等一系列机械性能指标及其内在联系进行了测试分析,对今后改进工艺条件和提高(纟由)丝纱线质量提供了有益的参考和依据。     

转杯纺纱时杯内纱条的曲线形状和张力

本文导得纺纱杯内纱条曲线形状和张力的方程;利用这些方程可以比较可靠地求得纺纱杯内的纱条张力,解决杯内纱条张力不易测定的困难。根据这些方程作图,就可从这些图中简捷地求得杯内纱条的重要参数,用来计算纱条张力。另外,本文对正反向剥取形式也进行了分析探讨。     

THE PRACTICE OF ACRYLIC SIROSPUN YARN ON THE SEMI WORSTED SPINNING FRAME

The technique of sirospun process is applied on a modified semi-worsted balloonless spinningframe to investigate the effect of spindle-speed,yarn-twist and strand-spacing on yarn properties.Yarn breaking strength,breaking extension,evenness and imperfection are examined on the basisof CCD experimental design.Yarn hairiness is particularly concerned,being found that all spinningparameters tested have significant effects on hairiness and that the minimum number of hairs oc-curs at the strand-spacing of 14.4 mm.Compared to conventional single spun yarn,experimentshave revealed the greatest advantage of using sirospun process is that all sirospun yarns have muchless hairiness.A new sirospun yarn fault,so called“loop”,has also been examined.The most likely cause forthis yarn fault is the strand-tension unbalance between the two strands when low tension spinningis applied.Further analysis and some initial tests have been carried out in the hope of overcomingthis loop fault which is an important obstacle to the application of balloonless spinning.     

转杯内纺纱曲线形状和张力

本文应用微分几何方法,导出转杯纺由任意曲线回转生成的假捻盘曲面上纱的形状和张力计算式,及纱曲线在假捻盘出口点的边界条件,以常用的1/4圆弧回转曲面为例作分析。最后,提供一个简便的剥离点纱张力计算式和转杯纺纱的充要条件。     

关于转杯纺纱曲线形态和张力的力学分析

本文讨论转杯纺纱(即气流纺)杯内纱的曲线形态和张力变化,从力学分析的角度来看,在有空气阻力并有足够大的阻捻盘作用下才能使纱形成稳定的正向剥取的曲线形态。如无空气阻力并无阻捻盘存在时,那就将形成反向剥取方式的曲线形态。否则是不能满足力学平衡和功能平衡的要求的。     

苎麻纯落麻转杯纺假捻盘磨损研究

本文通过转杯纺在运转条件下加工苎麻纯精梳落麻的磨损试验方法,对表面镀铬及渗硼假捻盘进行了磨损试验。通过观测各假捻盘磨损前后的体积变化以及表面形貌扫描电镜照片,分析了各假捻盘的磨损机理,得出渗硼假捻盘耐磨性优于镀硬铬假捻盘的结论,建议在生产实践过程中对渗硼假捻盘进一步考察应用。     

细丝开清工艺参数与工艺效果的试验

本文通过考查紬丝纺开清机械的若干工艺参数,对除杂效率和提高吹净绵的质量作了某些探讨,通过比较有系统的试验和数据分析,得出了较优的工艺参数,它对今后提高细丝质量具有一定的参考和使用价值。     

双纱纺成纱区几何状态和单纱捻度的试验研究

在双纱纺纱中,交汇区中的单纱捻度和交汇角对成纱的性能有很大影响,我们将相隔一定距离的两股黑白复丝从前罗拉后方喂入加捻卷绕机构来模拟双纱纺纱过程,并利用高速照相对纺纱过程中的纱线进行动态摄影,分析了一些主要纺纱工艺参数对纺纱过程和纺捻线性能的影响。     

转杯速度与成纱质量关系的研究

本文探讨了国产转杯纺纱器的转杯速度与成纱质量的关系,采用经过优化的转杯、隔离盘和假捻盘进行纺纱。试验结果表明,随着转杯速度的提高,成纱质量基本上呈下降趋势。但在杯速为50000 r/min 左右时,成纱质量的几项主要指标最佳。这对于合理设计转杯速度具有一定的参考价值。     

转杯纱缠绕纤维对成纱强力的影响

本文提出用缠绕纤维角度分布、松紧度、稀密度、重量百分率等,作为缠绕纤维结构模式的特征量;并通过对不同工艺参数生产的转杯纱,进行缠绕纤维和成纱强力的测试与分析。最后得出不同工艺参数与缠绕纤维结构模式特征量的关系,及其对成纱强力的影响具有明显的规律性。     

转杯纺加工兔棉纱混纺比、假捻盘、捻系数的优化研究

本文对转杯纺加工兔棉混纺针织纱,选取兔棉混纺比、捻盘直径、成纱捻系数等三因子,进行优化设计与纺纱试验.根据试验数据,通过运算,建立试验因子与确定成纱质量指标间的回归方程。再通过计算机对各回归方程绘制两维等高线图,从图可以看出,兔棉混纺比、假捻盘直径、捻系数对成纱质量均有显著影响、同时,对试验所得数据,进行优化处理,建立数学模型,并通过计算机运算求解,结果得出:在转杯低速(35200r/min)时,纺62.5tex混纺纱,最佳工艺参数为捻系数394～399;假捻盘直径25～27mm,兔/棉混比35/65～45/55.     

气流纺捻度传递长度测试与信号处理的探讨

本文探讨了气流纺捻度传递长度的新测试方法.这种测试方法采用光电传感器和微型电脑组成一个检测系统.系统软件具有采样、数字滤波、剔除坏点、寻找剥离点和分界点以及统计量的计算等功能,可准确地从复杂的原始信号中把捻度传递长度信息鉴别出来.文中还推导了捻度传递长度的理论公式,并结合测试结果进行详细的分析和讨论,得出一些有益的结论.     

摩擦纺纱自由端须条加捻和纺纱张力

本文建立了摩擦纺纱自由端须条加捻的力学模型,讨论了有关因素对加捻力矩的影响。根据推导的计算公式,对纺纱张力进行了数值计算,并对有关因素的影响进行了分析研究。结果表明,纺纱张力计算值与测试值基本符合;两者各自的变化趋势也是一致的。说明本文所建立的力学模型基本上反映了摩擦纺纱的实际情况。     

砂洗对丝织物结构的影响初探

本文从织物切片结构着手分析砂洗工艺对丝织物结构的影响,对织物经、纬向的屈曲波高及纱线的大小直径作了观察和测试,并采用 u 检验法进行了统计检验;同时通过电镜实验观察到砂洗后织物表面的微纤化结构。     

转杯纺转杯系统的噪声分析及降噪措施

本文采用现代测试手段,分析了自排风式转杯纺纱机的转杯系统(包括转杯、轴承、蜗壳、密封圈及活络通道)的噪声特性,设计了一个降低噪声的装置。使该系统的噪声降低了3～5dB(A),而对成纱质量则无任何影响。     

精梳毛纺细纱张力与锭速调节

从探讨锭速调节的作用出发,本文通过动态张力检测,探索精梳毛纺细纱张力与锭速间的关系。利用MZ-80单板计算机及同时可各别检测4只锭子上纺纱张力而自行制造的装置,对19.6tex45/55毛涤和30.0tex纯腈纶纱进行了测定,并探讨了精梳毛纺细纱机锭速调节的基本要求。     

FUZZY DECISION-MAKING OF COMBING ROLLER COVERING FOR SPINNING PURE RAMIE NOIL ROTOR-SPUN YARNS

This paper deals with the types and specifications of combing roller covering for spinning pureramie noil rotor-spun yarns.A handling mode combining Fuzzy Decision-making and FuzzyCluster Analysis has been used for analyzing the experimental results.It is shown that,with regard to the specifications of the sawtooth clothing of the combing rol-ler,large working angle,large tooth pitch,fine tooth shape,short tooth height,smooth finish andgood wearability are of benefit to improving the spinning stability and the spun yarn properties.The pinned combing roller,however,regardless of its complicated process of production,is sug-gested to be preferred for spinning the pure ramie noil rotor-spun yarns.The handling mode used in this work is efficient in improving the reliability and objectivity ofthe conclusions and can be used for solving the similar problems.     

环锭纺气圈纱线张力的计算方法

不考虑空气阻力时的气圈张力计算已是众所周知,本文则是综合考虑空气阻力等的影响,对气圈张力进行较为全面的分析;并采用摄影与曲线图相结合的方法来求得实际纺纱时的气圈纱线张力值,为具体分析工艺问题与测算纺纱气圈张力提供理论上、方法上的依据。