论篮球运动员罚球的心理障碍与心理训练

篮球比赛中运动员罚球命中率通常低于平时的训练水平、这与运动员心理高度竖张有关。一般来说,影响比赛罚球命中率的主要因素是运动员自身的心理作用。尤其在以罚球得分决定胜负时,运动员所承受的心理压力和消耗的心理能量更大,直接影响运动员正常罚球技术水平的发挥。究其原因,大多与运动员缺乏长期系统的罚球时心理训练有关。因此,研究其表现,寻求消除不良心理的有效途径和方法,是本文的研究目的。     

罚球的心理训练

罚球是篮球比赛得分的组成部分，罚球命中率的高低对比赛胜负影响很大。因此，教练员在训练过程中，除了抓好罚球技术的训练外，还应重视对运动员训练动机、自信心、意志品质、注意力等心理素质的培养，只有这样，在比赛中，才能够提高罚球投篮的命中率。     

论篮球运动员罚球心理控制及训练

罚球是篮球比赛中得分攻防体系的重要组成部分,运动员在罚球时的心理素质对其命中率具有举足轻重的作用。因此在罚球技术的训练中,对运动员实施有效的心理控制训练有利于运动员在比赛中发挥训练水平。通过心理控制训练可以使运动员的心理训练成果与训练计划和目标相符,使运动员的心理潜能得到最大的挖掘,以便在比赛过程中罚球的命中率保持在一个较高的水平上。根据运动员在训练中命中率的信息反馈,教练员有目的的对训练计划加以调节、改进,从而缩小训练计划与目标之间的偏差。     

论篮球运动员罚球心理控制及训练

罚球是篮球比赛中得分攻防体系的重要组成部分,运动员在罚球时的心理素质对其命中率具有举足轻重的作用。因此在罚球技术的训练中,对运动员实施有效的心理控制训练有利于运动员在比赛中发挥训练水平。通过心理控制训练可以使运动员的心理训练成果与训练计划和目标相符,使运动员的心理潜能得到最大的挖掘,以便在比赛过程中罚球的命中率保持在一个较高的水平上。根据运动员在训练中命中率的信息反馈,教练员有目的的对训练计划加以调节、改进,从而缩小训练计划与目标之间的偏差。     

心理训练在篮球罚球中的运用

罚球是篮球比赛中得分手段之一,罚球命中率的高低直接影响着篮球比赛的胜负.然而现代篮球比赛中一些高水平的队却输给了低水平的队,平时有"神投"之称的运动员,关键时刻却表现异常,屡投不中,其主要原因就在于心理因素的影响.文章通过对罚球时各种心理状态进行剖析,从而找出影响罚球命中率的各种因素及最佳的心理训练模式,为教练员训练提供理论依据.     

影响罚球命中率的心理因素及训练建议

篮球比赛中罚球命中率的高低是决定比赛胜负的重要因素之一。本文通过国内外篮球比赛中的几个典型战例和技术统计,仅就心理因素对罚球命中率的影响进行分析和探讨,并提出一些训练建议,使教师和教练员能够根据运动员不同的心理特征,克服罚球时的心理障碍,因势利导,把不利因素转变为有利因素,提高罚球的命中率。     

浅析篮球运动员罚球的心理训练

罚球是篮球比赛中重要的得分手段,有目的、有计划的心理训练,无疑会提高运动员的心理水准,减少失误,提高罚球命中率.本文拟对造成罚球失误的原因作出初步分析,提出一些训练方法和建议,试图解决篮球比赛中的罚球失误问题.     

如何在篮球比赛中提高罚球的命中率

篮球比赛是一项以投篮得分为最终目的体育运动.就其实质是投篮比赛,是运动员技术、战术,身体素质和心理素质的较量,随着篮球规则的不断改进,罚球在比赛中所处的地位愈来愈重要.如果罚球命中率较低,就很难在关键的比赛中取胜,如何尽快提高罚球命中率,在教学和训练中教会队员在比赛中进行成功的罚球,是今后在教学和训练中必须引起高度重视的问题.本文对1998年全国青年女子篮球锦标赛罚球的技术统计进行了分析探讨,并在多年的篮球教学和训练中总结出一套如何在篮球比赛中     

浅析篮球比赛中影响罚球命中率的因素

现代篮球比赛速度越来越快,对抗性越来越强。由于比赛中犯规次数的增加,提高了罚球的频率。罚球是比赛中的一种重要得分手段,随着篮球运动的迅猛发展,罚球在比赛中的地位越来越重要。本文通过从队员身体素质、技术动作、心理素质三个方面分析阐述了影响罚球成功率的主要因素。同时通过分析罚球的规律特点,认为影响罚球命中率的根本因素是罚球技术自动化程度,心理、实战＂经验＂,队员身体状况也直接影响罚球命中率,建议通过狠抓基本功、注意罚球专项训练时间安排、增加＂挫折＂训练、及时分析纠正等措施进行提高。     

8周头低位强腹式呼吸训练对女大学生心脏功能的干预影响

采用文献资料、专家访谈、录像观察等研究方法,对2019年男篮世界杯中国队在比赛中罚球进行了分析,并且从整体上,到球员不同位置上和本届比赛的前三名的罚球相关数据进行了研究。结果表明,中国队罚球命中率低,不能很好的把握罚球得分的机会,与世界强队（P<0.05）存在明显差异,是严重制约比赛成绩的重要因素;同时针对提高罚球命中率的方法和策略,提出了相应的措施和建议,旨在为中国篮球罚球的训练和比赛提供一定的借鉴和参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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