黄河三角洲湿地木霉分离与耐盐活性鉴定

木霉菌可以提高植物的抗逆性。为了获得耐盐活性好的木霉菌株,本研究从盐渍化严重的山东东营黄河三角洲湿地中采集土样和水样,分离并筛选了耐盐的木霉菌株,鉴定木霉菌株的耐盐活性。结果表明:黄河三角洲湿地48个样品共分离获得64株木霉,木霉数量与土壤深度呈负相关,与盐度没有明显相关性;通过不同浓度Na Cl胁迫下木霉菌株在固体培养基(PDA)和液体培养基(PDW)中的生长和产孢情况观察,从64株木霉中鉴定出6株具有高耐盐活性的木霉菌株;其中3株木霉(TW-304、TW-327和TW-353)在1 000 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫下,菌丝生长与对照相比,耐盐活性达到50%以上,具有极高的耐盐性;通过形态学和分子学鉴定显示TW-304、TW-327和TW-353三株木霉分别为哈茨木霉、深绿木霉、哈茨木霉。该研究筛选获得的耐盐木霉菌株为耐盐微生物菌剂的开发利用提供新的种质资源。     

盐胁迫对罗布麻种子萌发的影响

采用不同浓度的NaCl、Na2SO4、Na2CO3及三者的混合盐的胁迫,对罗布麻种子的发芽率、发芽速度、发芽指数的影响及解除盐胁迫后的发芽率进行测定分析.结果表明,随Na2CO3和混合盐溶液浓度的增加,罗布麻种子的发芽率、发芽速度、发芽指数均呈下降趋势,而低浓度的NaCl(≤50 mmol/L),Na2SO4(≤10 mmol/L)促进种子萌发,高浓度的NaCl(≥200 mmol/L)、Na2SO4(≥150 mmol/L)抑制种子萌发;Na2CO3和混合盐溶液对罗布麻种子萌发具有明显的抑制作用;盐胁迫解除后,罗布麻种子的发芽率随原盐浓度增加呈降低的趋势.     

盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子的萌发特性

对不同盐胁迫条件下紫花苜蓿种子萌发的发芽率、发芽指数及幼苗根芽生长量进行观测分析,探讨了盐胁迫影响种子萌发的原因,结果表明:随盐浓度升高,紫花苜蓿种子发芽的时间推后,发芽率降低,耐盐半致死浓度为135.96mmol/L,耐盐极限浓度为247.51mmol/L,轻微的低盐浓度可促进其种子的萌发。     

耐盐木霉ST02对番茄种子和幼苗盐耐受能力的影响

木霉菌能够促进植物对盐胁迫的耐受性,研究选用耐盐木霉选择培养基筛选获得的木霉菌株ST02,对其耐盐活性进行检测,具有较强耐盐活性.用ST02木霉菌株的孢子悬液对番茄种子和幼苗进行处理,分析木霉处理对盐胁迫条件下番茄种子萌发,幼苗生长和耐盐生理生化的影响.结果显示:ST02孢子悬液促进NaCl胁迫下番茄种子的发芽率和发芽势,提高200 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下番茄幼苗的存活率、株高和鲜重,以及番茄幼苗的叶绿素含量和净光合速率,影响番茄幼苗的离子渗漏率和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶的活性.说明木霉ST02孢子悬液处理能够通过提高植物的抗氧化防御反应促进番茄对NaCl胁迫的耐受性.     

盐胁迫和铝胁迫对加拿大一枝黄花种子萌发的影响

为探究加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)在不同浓度下对盐胁迫和铝胁迫的耐受性,以加拿大一枝黄花为材料,采用室内生物测定的方法,利用 0、200、400、800、1600、3200 mg/L 不同浓度 Na Cl 和 AlCl₃ 溶液处理加拿大一枝黄花种子,并对其萌发特性进行比较研究。结果表明：(1)加拿大一枝黄花种子的发芽率随着Na Cl 浓度的增加而降低,与对照相比,800 mg/L 浓度的 Na Cl 溶液对其发芽率和发芽势产生显著抑制作用(P <0.05),当浓度为 1600 ～ 3200mg/L 时,发芽率和发芽势极显著降低(P < 0.01),当浓度为 800 ～ 3200 mg/L 时,加拿大一枝黄花发芽指数极显著降低(P < 0.01);(2)加拿大一枝黄花种子发芽率随着 AlCl₃ 浓度的增加而降低,与对照相比,200 ～ 3200mg/L 的 AlCl₃ 溶液对其发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数受到极显著抑制作用(P < 0.01)。(3)加拿大一枝黄花种子对盐胁迫...     

壳聚糖对扁豆种子萌发过程中盐胁迫的缓解作用

以扁豆品种‘春扁一号’为试材,用不同浓度的壳聚糖溶液(50、100、125、150、175、200、250 mg/L)浸种,种子萌发过程中用6 g/L Na Cl溶液进行盐胁迫,研究不同浓度的壳聚糖对盐胁迫下扁豆种子萌发及萌发期幼苗生理指标的影响。结果表明:在盐胁迫下,随着壳聚糖溶液浓度的增加,扁豆种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数以及幼苗的主根长、芽长和SOD活性均呈现先升后降的趋势,且以150 mg/L壳聚糖达到最大值,而MDA含量以150 mg/L壳聚糖达到最小值。因此,适宜浓度壳聚糖能缓解Na Cl盐胁迫对扁豆种子萌发的影响,且以150 mg/L壳聚糖效果最好。     

NaCl胁迫对北苍术种子萌发的影响

为探究北苍术种子萌发适宜盐浓度,分别用质量浓度为1,2,4,6,8,10,12,14 g/L的NaCl溶液处理北苍术种子,研究NaCl胁迫对北苍术种子萌发的影响。结果表明,低质量浓度(1 g/L)NaCl溶液处理对北苍术种子萌发有一定的促进作用,NaCl质量浓度超过2 g/L时,北苍术种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数均明显降低;且随着NaCl质量浓度增加对北苍术种子萌发的抑制作用增强。北苍术种子相对发芽率与NaCl质量浓度之间呈极显著负相关,其线性回归方程是y=-69.817 x+115。北苍术种子耐盐适宜范围为5.7 g/L,耐盐半致死质量浓度为9.3 g/L,耐盐极限质量浓度为12.9 g/L。     

长柱金丝桃种子萌发特性

通过对比试验,研究温度,光照,酸、碱、盐胁迫等不同处理对长柱金丝桃种子萌发的影响.结果表明:光照可以促进种子萌发;不同温度处理对长柱金丝桃种子萌发影响显著,20℃下发芽率最高;浓度25 mmol/L的Na2CO3处理和p H为5.0,5.4的低温层积处理可明显提高种子发芽率;盐胁迫下种子能够萌发,但发芽率随盐浓度的提高而降低;碱胁迫下可以促进种子萌发,发芽率随着碱浓度的增大呈先升高后降低的趋势,浓度10 mmol/L Na2CO3下发芽率最高达74%;酸胁迫下能够萌发,发芽率随p H的降低逐渐升高,在p H为4.6下发芽率达到72%.     

NaCl对两种黑麦草发芽的影响

对不同浓度盐胁迫条件下两种多年生黑麦草种子萌发的发芽率、发芽势及幼苗根茎生长量进行观测和分析,结果表明,NaCl盐对两种黑麦草种子发芽都有一定程度的抑制作用,NaCl浓度低于50 mmol/L时,对黑麦草种子的发芽率、发芽势等影响较小,当浓度高于100 mmol/L时,对黑麦草种子的发芽率、发芽势抑制作用显著增强.一定浓度的NaCl溶液可以推迟种子萌发的时间,抑制种子萌发.黑麦草的地上、地下部分生长长度及生物量都随着NaCl浓度的提高而降低,其最高降低幅度分别为74.0%,80.0%,98.0%.     

NaCl胁迫对鸡冠花种子萌发与抗氧化酶活性的影响

进行Na Cl胁迫条件下鸡冠花种子萌发试验,分析Na Cl对鸡冠花种子发芽率,幼苗鲜重,胚芽、胚根长度及抗氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:在不同浓度Na Cl溶液胁迫下,鸡冠花种子发芽率、幼苗鲜重、胚芽与胚根生长均受到不同程度的抑制,生长指标差异均达到极显著水平(F分别为17.73~(**),18.14~(**),12.75~(**),12.38~(**)).依据发芽率和盐浓度回归方程估算出鸡冠花种子耐盐极限值为193.34 mmol/L;在Na Cl胁迫下,鸡冠花种子萌发过程中抗氧化酶活性表现出不同程度的变化.其中,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性随着盐浓度的增加而降低,且不同处理间差异极显著(F分别为93.42~(**),16.47~(**)).过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随着盐浓度的增加而升高,不同处理间达极显著水平(F为47.89~(**)).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~