东营凹陷博兴油田沙四上亚段滩坝砂岩油气富集特征及成藏主控因素

依据隐蔽油气藏成藏机制,在总结油气富集特征的基础上对东营凹陷博兴油田沙四上亚段滩坝砂岩油气成藏主控因素进行研究.结果表明:沙四上亚段滩坝砂岩油气分布具有严重不均一性,油气主要集中在断裂带以及沉积砂体较厚的坝主体和坝边缘相带;主要存在断层-岩性(物性)复合型油气藏、物性封闭油气藏、岩性上倾尖灭油气藏、断层遮挡油气藏4种油气藏样式;在油源及构造背景相似的前提下,储层物性与非均质程度成为控制该区滩坝砂油气成藏差异性的最主要因素;油气运移基本通道为储层连通孔隙、微层理面与层间界面,存在基本通道侧向输导、基本通道复合微裂隙输导和基本通道复合断裂阶梯状输导3种样式的油气输导体系,砂体展布、构造轮廓以及断裂体系的空间配置决定了油气区域输导指向和油气可能富集的空间位置;成藏动力与成藏阻力的配置对于本区油气成藏差异性分布有一定的控制作用.     

三肇凹陷向斜区葡萄花油层油气成藏模式

利用三维地震、测井和岩芯资料对三肇凹陷向斜区葡萄花油层油气来源、断裂特征和沉积微相分析表明：葡萄花油层油均来自下伏青二 三段源岩;葡萄花油层断层具有密集成带特征,且密集带边界断层多为成藏期活动的油源断层;密井网沉积微相揭示葡萄花油层发育典型的河控浅水三角洲沉积,微相类型主要为水下分流河道及末端河控席状砂。结合油水分布和构造特征等成藏主控因素分析,提出向斜区葡萄花油层受油源断层和河道砂体匹配控制油主要分布在断层密集带内及密集带之间的交叉断块圈闭中,最终建立了该区源内短距离垂向运移模式,为开发区外扩提供了指导。     

青阳岔油田特低渗透油藏储层沉积特征与控制因素

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长2油层组是青阳岔油田的主要产油层组,为典型的特低渗透三角洲平原分流河道砂岩储层,分分流主河道、分流河道侧翼、决口扇、分流间湾等沉积微相,长22小层沉积厚度大、分布范围广、物性好、含油饱和度较高,是主要含油层,长22和长21为两个独立流动单元,具有不同的油水系统,录井和试油证实,长22比长21显示好、初期产量高。油水分布受沉积徽相、构造、油气源岩、砂泥岩组合等因素控制。     

松南长岭地区坳陷层油气富集规律

以构造、层序和沉积研究为基础,从"层序控砂"和"微相控储"的角度预测有利储层分布;结合油气成藏条件分析,探讨松南长岭地区坳陷层油气富集规律。研究结果表明:层序旋回控制油气富集部位,重点含油层位靠近成熟烃源岩;沉积相控制有利储层发育区带,主要含油区呈环带状分布于三角洲前缘与滨浅湖的交互区域,水下分流河道和河口坝微相中的油气显示较多,且含油气性较好,为有利储集相带;基底断裂带和有利油气聚集区紧密相联,含油气带主要受继承性发育的基底断裂控制与影响;油气富集与地层展布形态、圈闭类型密切相关,中部平缓区为低幅度构造圈闭发育带,东部构造反转区为反转上倾尖灭的岩性和构造-岩性复合型圈闭发育带,而西部斜坡区于西掉断层上升盘,可形成低幅度构造和构造-岩性油气藏。     

永安镇油田永3断块沙二下河口坝储层结构单元划分及其意义

根据结构单元分析法,以永安镇油田永3断块沙二下亚段6砂层组61小层为例,对河口坝增生体不同级别的沉积界面进行划分;在此基础上对河口坝增生体沉积演化特点、增生体的顶面构造特征以及增生体油(气)水分布规律进行研究。结果表明:永3断块沙二下6砂层组61小层划分为6期增生体;永3断块61小层可分6期演化,6期增生体具有由西向东退积的特点;不同河口坝增生体的发育位置、范围及其顶面构造特征对增生体油(气)水分布具有重要的控制作用;大型三角洲河口坝增生体可作为独立的油气分布单元,其油气储量可以相当可观,以增生体为单元进行油(气)水分布规律研究非常必要。     

薄荷台-大榆树地区扶余油层成藏因素与有利油气富集区研究

研究区油气分布受构造、断层、沉积和油源等因素影响,造成油水关系复杂,油藏类型多样,给油藏评价和开发带来困难．薄荷台一大榆树地区扶余油层油气成藏受多种因素制约,对其成藏主控因素的分析是下步油藏评价、油气开发突破的关键．着重分析油气成藏控制因素,建立油气成藏模式,总结油气富集规律,寻找有潜力的油气富集区块,为开发优选有利目标区打基础．研究结果表明,预测研究区存在2个构造和4个岩性有利油气聚集带．     

曾岔油田延长组长6储层特征研究

通过岩心观察、粒度及测井分析并结合区域沉积背景等资料,表明曾岔油田长6储层属三角洲平原及三角洲前缘沉积,砂体主要分布在水下分流河道微相。重点对研究区长6油层岩石学特征、物性特征、孔隙结构特征、裂缝分布特征进行了详细分析,结果发现研究区长6油层物性好,孔隙连通性较好,是油气富集的有利区域。     

松辽盆地北部朝长地区扶余油层油气来源及成藏特征

分析朝长地区扶余油层的油气来源,并对成藏特征进行系统总结,预测油气有利勘探区,为该区勘探部署提供了理论支持.应用烃源岩评价、油源对比技术分析了油气来源;应用流体势恢复、疏导体分析、油水关系、油藏类型分析及成藏主控因素分析等多种方法对扶余油层的成藏特征进行研究.研究结果表明:朝长地区扶余油层中的原油主要来自三肇凹陷与宾县—王府凹陷2个高势区的成熟源岩,在流体势的作用下,油气通过南西—北东向展布的砂体与近南北向分布的断裂带侧向运移到低势的朝长地区,该区整体呈现上油下水特征,源储压差决定油柱高度,正向构造背景控制油气富集.扶余油层河道砂体是有效储层,控制了油气藏的分布.该区主要发育构造、岩性-构造、岩性、断层-岩性、构造-岩性共5种油气藏类型,存在自源超压上生下储短距离垂向运聚、近源常压-负压中距离侧向运聚2种成藏模式.     

高邮凹陷有效砂岩输导层分布及控藏作用

有效砂岩输导层是指经历过油气运移的砂层,据油气显示和油气包裹体识别有效砂岩输导层,同时结合烃源岩的分布、砂层的空间位置以及构造背景来分析有效砂岩输导层的分布。结果表明:高邮凹陷有效砂岩输导层具有分带性和分层性的分布特征:在北部斜坡带,阜一段主要分布在其顶部砂层段,具"广而薄"的特点,阜三段主要分布层段从内坡带向外坡带逐渐抬升,内坡带全段分布,而在中、外坡带集中在中上部的砂层段;在断裂带,戴一段主要分布于阜四段有效烃源岩分布区内,而戴二段分布较局限,主要沿油源断层分布,具有"窄而厚"的特点。高邮凹陷有效砂岩输导层的分布受沉积相带、构造背景、有效烃源岩的分布以及源岩与输导层接触关系、油源断层、区域盖层和辉绿岩的侵入等多种因素控制。有效砂岩输导层控制着高邮凹陷斜坡带油藏的分布位置和层位,有效砂层的顶面形态控制了油气优势运移路径,有效砂岩输导层、有效烃源岩和输导动力场的优势配置控制油气富集。     

大安沿江地区黑帝庙油层油气成藏模式研究

大安沿江地区是近年吉林油田重要潜力区,其油气成藏模式的剖析是精细地质研究的基础,且对于指导油田开发区扩边、空白区布井及有利目标区预测具有重要意义。通过开展松辽盆地大安沿江地区黑帝庙油层烃源岩埋藏史、古构造演化史、油气运聚场和油水分布规律研究,揭示靶区油气成藏模式及控藏因素。研究结果表明:黑帝庙油层油气主要来自靶区北部的齐家～古龙凹陷嫩江组一段源岩。研究区黑帝庙油层顶面古构造演化主要经历4个阶段,油气成藏关键时期为明水组末期。通过对开发区单一圈闭控藏模式精细解剖,归纳出两种成藏模式:断鼻-岩性油气藏、砂岩上倾尖灭型岩性油藏,前者断层与砂体匹配形成有效油气圈闭,后者在无断层遮挡的情况下,油气聚集受砂体沉积展布的控制。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.