基于博弈论——可拓理论的地铁车站深基坑施工安全评价

基坑工程建设存在不确定性因素多、施工安全风险高等问题,针对地铁车站深基坑施工工艺多样、周边环境复杂的特点,通过博弈论组合赋权与可拓评价模型相结合,对地铁车站深基坑施工安全进行科学合理地评价。首先,以安全检查标准为基础,结合工程实际和现有文献,多角度分析构建评价指标体系;其次,通过层次分析法确定指标主观权重、熵权法确定客观权重,利用博弈论组合赋权法将其综合,再进行安全等级的划分,进而计算出评价对象的关联函数和关联度,最终得出总目标层所属的安全等级。对佛山某地铁车站深基坑工程实例进行评价,结果表明：基于可拓评价模型的安全等级评定结果基本符合现场实际,该方法有效且可行。     

层次分析法-可拓学模型在岩质边坡稳定性安全评价中的应用

为解决境界外驻留矿体的开采技术难题,综合运用物元概念的可拓学理论与层次分析法,建立多层次多指标的岩质边坡稳定性综合评价模型,对边坡稳定性进行评价,得出安全等级标准及评价指标量值.运用层次分析法确定影响边坡稳定性的安全评价指标的权重系数,根据可拓学理论构造经典域物元、节域物元和可拓集合中的关联函数,建立岩质边坡稳定性安全评价的层次分析法-可拓学模型,得到岩质边坡稳定性安全评价结果.经计算,岩质边坡稳定性综合安全评价的级别特征值为2.19,安全等级为Ⅰ级,边坡稳定性处于极稳定状态.研究结果与矿山以往运用RMR法和BQ法计算的评价结果一致.     

可拓学在矿山安全评价分析中的应用

为解决安全评价中定性与定量的问题.应用可拓工程方法和有关矿山安全评价指标的专业知识,将可拓工程方法同矿山的安全评价相结合,建立基于可拓学的矿山安全评价分析的物元模型.并通过实例运用了这种新的安全评价方法,实践表明:基于可拓学的矿山安全评价方法不但能够准确的反映矿山的安全等级类型而且能够反映与相邻安全等级的距离.该方法在其他工程领域也有相当广阔的应用前景.     

基于改进物元可拓模型的贵州草海湿地生态安全评价

以贵州草海湿地为研究对象,结合实地调查数据和社会经济统计数据,筛选出20个生态安全评价指标,根据PSR概念模型构建草海湿地生态安全评价指标体系,运用改进物元可拓模型,构造标准物元矩阵和节域物元矩阵,利用权变系数法确定指标权重,并计算研究区生态安全状况与生态安全等级的关联度,根据关联度大小评判研究区生态安全状况隶属级别,并将结果划分为安全、较安全、预警、脆弱、危险五个级别。     

采用AHP-可拓学的地下工程围岩稳定性预测模型

为解决地下工程围岩稳定性评价问题,综合运用AHP和可拓学理论,建立多层次多指标的地下工程围岩稳定性综合评价模型,得出安全等级标准及指标量值.运用AHP确定指标的权重系数,并依据可拓学理论构造经典物元、节域物元和关联函数,建立地下工程围岩的AHP-可拓学预测模型,依据特征值逐一确定30个待识别物元稳定性级别.计算结果表明,理论上适宜依据工程围岩稳定性的各层次指标的权重值和级别特征值,作为评价安全等级标准,对来自同一工程的样本稳定性识别较好,与突变级数法及逼近理想解排序法结果相吻合,该方法可用于地下工程围岩稳定性识别.     

城市轨道交通次生环境影响可拓综合评价

在构建城轨次生环境影响评价指标体系的基础上,借助熵和物元理论,创立了基于熵权的可拓综合评价方法;通过计算其综合关联度,确定了城轨项目次生环境影响的质量评定等级。实践结果表明:将可拓评价法应用于城轨次生环境影响评价,可以保证主要方案排序的一致性,而且与实际测试结果较吻合。这不仅拓展了可拓学的应用领域,而且改变了传统的城轨次生环境影响评价方法,为城轨次生环境影响评价提供了新的思路和手段。     

基于可拓数学的城市商用土地等级综合评价

将多指标可拓综合评价方法应用于城市商用土地评价,利用主成分分析法来分析城市商用土地的影响因素,建立了城市商用土地可拓综合评价物元模型．利用层次分析法确定权重向量系数,通过计算相应物元的关联度,将多指标商用土地要素的目标评价归结为单目标决策,给出定量的数值评定结果．物元的综合关联度比较简明确切地反映出城市某区域商用土地的等级水平．实例分析表明,该方法可较好地反映出城市商用土地等级,使评价结果更为客观、合理,在城市商用土地等级领域中具有良好的应用前景.     

基于可拓方法的居住建筑节能效果评价研究

 新建居住建筑的节能效果受多种因素共同影响,如何对其节能效果进行客观、准确、合理地评价,一直是建筑节能领域研究的重点内容。基于可拓理论,提出了一种将定性与定量相结合的新建居住建筑节能效果评价方法——可拓方法,并详细介绍了该评价方法的步骤。以实际工程为例,综合考虑多种影响因素,建立了居住建筑节能效果综合评价指标及其量值标准,采用简单关联函数计算各评价指标的权重,有效避免了主观因素的影响。在此基础上,引入可拓学,构建了新建居住建筑节能效果可拓评价的物元模型,通过关联度和等级度计算,客观全面地给出了居住建筑节能效果综合评价结果。实例结果表明,该方法能够有效地保证节能效果评价的质量和效率,实际操作简便,具有可行性。     

城市轨道交通网络运营安全的综合评估

运营安全评估是保障轨道交通网络化安全运营的关键环节之一.基于熵权可拓物元模型提出了一种轨道交通线网运营安全评价的方法.该方法通过统计分析轨道交通线网历史运营情况,构建运营安全评价指标体系;利用数理统计划分评价指标的经典域;利用熵权模型计算指标权重;并利用可拓物元模型计算轨道交通线网的综合评价值和风险等级.研究结果表明,所构建的轨道交通线网运营风险评估的指标体系切实可行,基于熵权可拓物元模型提出的评价方法能客观有效地评估线网的运营风险.     

云南省小型露天采石场的安全隐患及对策措施

开展小型露天采石场安全现状评价,可以辨识出小型露天采石场在生产过程中存在的危险有害因素及安全隐患,并提出有针对性的安全对策措施,为小型露天采石场的安全生产提供一份保障。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.