湾流及其邻近海域中尺度涡统计特征分析

为了得到中尺度涡的特征,综合利用1993-2012年共20a的卫星高度计资料及Argo浮标资料等,对湾流及其邻近海域的中尺度涡特征进行统计,并采用合成方法对涡的三维结构特征进行分析。结果表明:该海域气旋涡(CE)和反气旋涡(AE)的平均生命史及平均半径十分相近;湾流主体段与延续段的涡动能(EKE)、涡能量密度(EI)和涡度明显大于其他区域,气旋涡平均强度大于反气旋涡;对于生命周期内的长周期涡,半径和EKE的变化幅度较大,EI和涡度的变化较小;涡以西向移动为主,平均移速3.2cm/s;长周期气旋涡和反气旋涡均具有向赤道移动的特征;在垂直剖面上,气旋涡(反气旋涡)存在2个温度负(正)异常结构和上下2个盐度负(正)异常结构,涡对海水温盐的垂向影响可达1km以上。     

西北太平洋副热带海区一个气旋涡的三维结构、运动学及其亚中尺度特征

利用厦门大学“嘉庚”号科考船于2019年3—4月在西北太平洋副热带逆流区收集的现场观测数据，结合卫星遥感资料与漂流浮标数据，分析该区域一个气旋涡(编号CE2)的三维结构、运动学及其亚中尺度特征.结果表明：1) CE2涡旋在表层约呈椭圆形，其影响范围随着深度的增大向北侧收缩，最大影响深度约400 m; 2)热成风关系在CE2涡旋范围内存在显著的尺度依赖性；3)涡中心与边缘因亚中尺度过程活跃程度不同而呈现尺度依赖性动能和相反的动能波数谱特征；4)漂流浮标轨迹分析显示涡旋边缘存在明显的物质输运“泄漏”现象.上述结果对传统中尺度涡旋现象进行了基于实测资料的观测补充.     

中尺度涡冷暖特征的理论推导

为了从理论上解释中尺度涡旋冷暖性质与涡旋旋转方向的关系,分析了涡旋的几何特征,并依据这些特征做了如下假设:中尺度涡具有对称的几何形态,涡旋中海洋要素沿径向具有线性变化的特征。从原始方程组出发,利用柱坐标系和上述假设条件,略去耗散力,不考虑涡旋切向的变化,并且忽略径向的速度,推导了中尺度涡的冷暖特征,解释了气旋式中尺度涡对应冷涡以及反气旋式中尺度涡对应暖涡等涡旋的运动特点。结果表明,中心对称形式可以作为对中尺度涡的几何特征的一个理想形态近似,在考虑上述假设条件的理想环境下,柱坐标系在研究中尺度涡的几何性质上具有一定的优势。     

西北太平洋及其邻近边缘海中尺度涡的时空特征分析

中尺度涡在影响海洋物质和能量的输送以及生物、化学过程方面都发挥重要作用.利用27年(1993—2019年)的AVISO卫星高度计数据集，基于闭合等值线法对西北太平洋及其邻近边缘海(10°～30°N, 115°～155°E)中尺度涡进行识别追踪，并着重讨论了生命周期大于4周的涡旋特征.涡旋在15°～25°N纬度带产生频率较高，多数涡旋向西传播，并在研究区域西侧与黑潮相互作用后消失于吕宋岛和台湾岛以东海域.随着纬度的增加，涡旋半径急剧减小，振幅则不断增大；而17°～22°N纬度带是涡动能高值区，在吕宋海峡东部最为明显.涡旋参数表现出明显的季节和年际变化特征，涡旋产生数在春、冬季较多，夏、秋季较少；涡动能则在春季较高，冬季较低.涡动能的年际变化明显受厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)调制作用，相位滞后1个月呈显著正相关.不稳定性分析结果表明，副热带逆流和北赤道流垂向剪切的斜压不稳定性是涡旋产生的主要机制，在春季这一效应达最大.     

台风内中尺度混合波的动力学特征

用模拟台风的高分辨率模式输出资料反演的雷达回波和扰动物理量进行诊断,揭示了台风内中尺度螺旋雨带及嵌在其中的深对流带的结构和传播特征;根据台风不同区域物理量特征尺度的差异,分析了眼壁区低层的超梯度流非平衡现象;在此基础上,用柱坐标下中尺度斜压模型的波动频散关系证明扰动具有混合涡旋Rossby-重力惯性波的性质,并指出切向基流的涡度梯度是混和型扰动的发展因子.     

涡旋的提取和跟踪算法研究

文中提出了基于特征流场[1]概念的平面时变流场多涡结构中涡旋的自动提取及跟踪算法研究。该算法是通过提取流场中的涡旋区域从而确定涡核范围,对涡核采用流线积分的方法来跟踪,精密跟踪三维特征流场内涡核以及在被积流线上记录其具体的演化路径,从而为流场中不同时段的演变过程能更直观的去观察奠定了基础。     

涡旋的提取和跟踪算法研究

提出了基于特征流场概念的平面时变流场多涡结构中涡旋的自动提取及跟踪算法研究。该算法是通过提取流场中的涡旋区域从而确定涡核范围。对涡核采用流线积分的方法来跟踪。精密跟踪三维特征流场内涡核以及在被积流线上记录其具体的演化路径,从而为流场中不同时段的演变过程能更直观的去观察奠定了基础。     

南海东沙群岛南侧海域的潮余流特征

为分析南海东沙群岛南侧海域次表层潮余流特征,基于布放在该海区的锚碇潜标海流资料,利用T-TIDE调和函数和低通滤波等方法,实现潮流调和常数的提取和余流的分离。该海区次表层潮流分潮K1,Msm,O1,M2和Ssa为主要分潮,各分潮东分量振幅大于北分量振幅。研究表明:潮流东西向运动强于南北向;各分潮振幅随深度变化不一致,造成潮流类型在不同深度上有所变化;二月平均余流出现相对异常现象,流速相对较大,可达83.65cm/s。次表层月平均余流变化与南海季风的盛衰有较好的对应关系,季风对该海区影响可达次表层深度。结合相应的温盐数据和高度计资料发现,余流异常与经过该海区的反气旋涡有关,涡旋改变了该海区原有的水体结构。     

“98.7.21”武汉特大暴雨大气环流特征分析

对“98.7.21”武汉特大暴雨发生时大气不同尺度的环流的特征进行了分析研究，指出亚欧中高纬度经向环流的持续发展、西太平洋副热带高压持续的异常偏南及其内部强度变化的不均、中层短波槽系统的东移阻滞和与暴雨相伴而生的β中尺度强涡旋系统，是这次暴雨过程大气环流的典型特征。还对直接造成武汉特大暴雨的强对流云团、β中尺度强涡旋系统的部分动力和热力结构进行了分析。     

“93.5”黑风暴期间中尺度涡旋发生发展的涡源诊断

１９９３年５月４日－６日，在甸西北地区发生了一次极具破坏力的“黑风暴”，为了诊断这次黑风暴中尺度涡旋发生发展的涡源，便用了具有高分辨ＰＢＬ参数化的ＭＭ４对该例控制模拟的输出资料和涡源方程。诊断结果表明：“９３．５”黑风暴的发展与一个中尺度气旋性涡旋的发生和发展直接相关；总涡源的产生，发展及柱状垂直结构的形成和演变与黑风暴中尺度涡旋发展的涡度垂直结构和演变是一致的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has