List of Oregon Scolytidae (Coleoptera) and notes on new records

Listed are 121 species of Scolytidae from Oregon. Ten species are reported from Oregon for the first time: Hylastes tenuis Eichhoff, Phloeosinus scopulorum scopulorum Swaine, Phloeosinus hoferi Blackman, Trypodendron betulae Swaine, Xyleborus xylographus (Say), Trypophloeus striatulus (Mannerheim), T. Thatcheri Wood, Procryphalus mucronatus (LeConte), Pityophthorus scalptor Blackman, and Monarthrum dentigerum (LeConte). The second Oregon specimen of an exotic species, Xyleborus californicus Wood, is reported also.     

New records of Scolytidae from Washington state

Eighteen species of Scolytidae are reported from Washington state for the first time or raised from obscurity: Scierus annectens LeConte, Hylesinus californicus (Swaine), Phloeotribus lecontei Schedl, Carphoborus vandykei Bruck, Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby), Crypturgus borealis Swaine, Pityogenes knechteli Swaine, Ips mexicanus (Hopkins), Ips perturbatus (Eichhoff), Ips plastographus plastographus (LeConte), Ips woodi Thatcher, Trypodendron betulae Swaine, Trypophloeus striatulus (Mannerheim), Procryphalus mucronatus (LeConte), Procryphalus utahensis Hopkins, Pseudopityophthorus pubipennis (LeConte), Pityophthorus alpinensis G. Hopping, and Pityophthorus grandis Blackman. Host tree and collection data are given for these species. A total of 105 scolytid species known from Washington are listed.     

List of Idaho Scolytidae (Coleoptera) and notes on new records

Reported are 105 species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) from Idaho. About one-third of these are rarely collected, of which 22 species are known from a single locality each. Twelve species reported from Idaho for the first time are: Carphoborus carri Swaine, C. sansoni Swaine, Phloeosinus hoferi Blackman, Conophthorus monophyllae Hopkins, Dryocoetes betulae Hopkins, Ips confuses (LeConte), Pityophthorus absonus Blackman, P. aquilus Blackman , P. blandus Blackman, P. deletus LeConte, P. sculptor Blackman, and Xyleborinus saxeseni (Ratzeburg). Significant extensions of the known distributions in Idaho are reported for seven other scolytids; Alniphagus aspericollis (LeConte), Dendroctonus murrayanae Hopkins, Phloeotribus lecontei Schedl, Procryphalus mucronatus (LeConte), Trypophloeus populi Hopkins, Xyleborus dispar (Fabricius), and X. intrusus Blandford. Xyleborus dispar especially needs study in anticipation that it may become increasingly important in Idaho fruit trees and other woody plants including ornamentals and shade trees.     

New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Part V

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} New synonymy of American Scolytidae is proposed as follows: Phloeoborus Erichson ( = Phloeotrupes Erichson), Phloeotribus Latreille ( = Eulytocerus Blandford), Scolytodes Ferrari ( = Epomadius Blandford), Carphoborus pinicolens Wood ( = Carphoborus tuberculatus Bright), Coccotrypes indicus (Eggers) ( = Dryocoetes subimpressus Eggers), Coccotrypes surinamensis Schedl ( = Coccotrypes brevipilosus Eggers), Conophthorus coniperda Schwarz ( = Conophthorus clunicus Hopkins, Conophthorus taedae Hopkins), Conophthorus ponderosae Hopkins ( = Conophthorus scopulorum Hopkins, Conophthorus contortae Hopkins, Conophthorus monticolae Hopkins, Conophthorus flexilis Hopkins, Conophthorus lambertianae Hopkins), Conophthorus resinosae Hopkins ( = Conophthorus virginianae Hopkins), Cryphalomorphus knabi (Hopkins) ( = Cryphalomorphus minutissimus Schedl), Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff) ( = Tomicus cribricollis Eichhoff), Ips perturbatus (Eichhoff) ( = Tomicus interpunctus Eichhoff), Ips tridens engelmanni Swaine ( = Ips yohoensis Swaine, Ips semirostris Hopping, Ips amiskwiensis Hopping), Leperisinus aculeatus (Say) ( = Hylesinus imperialis Eichhoff), Leperisinus californicus Swaine ( = Leperisinus hoferi Blackman), Phloeosinus serratus (LeConte) ( = Phloeosinus neotropicus Schedl), Phoeotribus championi (Blandford) ) = Eulytocerus substriatus Schedl), Pseudohylesinus sericeus (Mannerheim) ( = Pseudohylesinus yasamatsui Nobuchi), Pityophthorus boycei Swaine ( = Pityophthorus siouxensis Bright), Pityophthorus deletus LeConte ( = Pityophthorus inquietus Blackman, Pityophthorus monophyllae Blackman, Pityophthorus praelatus Bright, Pityophthorus brucki Bright), Scolytus opacus Blackman ( = Scolytus abietis Blackman), Scolytus tsugae Swaine ( = Scolytus reflexus Blackman, Scolytus wickhami Blackman), Scolytus unispinosus LeConte ( = Scolytus fiskei Blackman). The following species are named as new to science: Phloeotribus hirtus, P. ingae, P. levis, P. minor, P. nebulosus, P. simplicidens (Colombia), P. amplus, P. fici, P. squamiger, P. tetricus, P. vesculus (Venezuela), Pityophthorus discretus (Mexico).       

New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Part VI

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} New synonymy of American Scolytidae is proposed as follows: Corthylus Erichson ( = Pseudocorthylus Ferrari), Hylesinus Fabricius ( = Leperisinus Reitter), Monarthrum Kirsch ( = Anchonocerus Eichhoff), Corthylus spinifer Schwarz ( = Metacorthylus affinis Fonseca, Corthylus affinis Fonseca), Cryphalus ruficollis Hopkins ( = Cryphalus amabilis Chamberlin, Cryphalus coloradensis Wood), Gnathotrichus retusus (LeConte) ( = Gnathotrichus alni Blackman), Gnathotrichus sulcatus (LeConte) ( = Gnathotrichus aciculatus Blackman), Hypothenemus eruditus Westwood ( = Hypothenemus germari Eichhoff, Stephanoderes myrmidon Eichhoff, Stephanoderes intersetosus Eggers), Hypothenemus seriatus Eichhoff ( = Stephanoderes nitidulus Hopkins, Stephanoderes subopacicollis Hopkins), Hypothenemus obscurus (Fabricius) ( = Stephanoderes asperulus Eichhoff, Stephanoderes cassiae Eichhoff), Pityophthorus annectens LeConte ( = Pityophthorus citus Blackman), Pityophthorus balsameus Blackman ( = Pityophthorus patchi Blackman), Pityophthorus briscoei Blackman ( = Pityophthorus mundus Blackman), Pityophthorus cariniceps LeConte ( = Pityophthorus cognatus Blackman), Pityophthorus confertus Swaine ( = Pityophthorus agnatus Blackman, Pityophthorus comptus Blackman), Pityophthorus confusus Blandford ( = Pityophthorus bellus Blackman), Pityophthorus consimilis LeConte ( = Pityophthorus nudus Swaine), Pityophthorus fuscus Blackman ( = Pityophthorus smithi Schedl), Pityophthorus immanis Blackman ( = Pityophthorus sulcatus Bright), Pityophthorus murrayanae Blackman ( = Pityophthorus gracilis Swaine, Pityophthorus cutleri Swaine, Pityophthorus exilis Swaine, Pityophthorus depygis Blackman, Pityophthorus watsoni Schedl, Pityophthorus aurulentis Bright), Pityophthorus ornatus Blackman ( = Pityophthorus limatus Wood), Pityophthorus pseudotsugae Swaine ( = Pityophthorus thatcheri Bright), Pityophthorus pullus Zimmermann ( = Pityophthorus bisulcatus Eichhoff), Scolytodes levis (Blackman) ( = Ctenophorus laevigatus Chapuis, Scolytodes chapuisi Wood). The following species are named as new to science: Pityophthorus crotonis (Venezuela), Scolytodes constrictus, S. festus, S. praeceps (Colombia), S. canaliculus, S. contractus, S. jucundus, S. opacus, S. opimus, S. serenus, S. suturalis, and S. varius (Venezuela).        

New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), part XI

The following new generic synonymy is proposed: Coptodryas Hopkins (= Microperus Wood), Cyrtogenius Strohmeyer (= Carpophloeus Schedl, Taphroborus Nunberg), Glostatus Schedl (= Ctonocryphus Schedl, Rhopalocryphus Nunberg), Hylurgops LeConte (= Hylescerites Schedl), Hypothenemus Westwood (= Ernophloeus Nunberg), Monarthrum Kirsch (= Eupteroxylon Eggers), Terminalinus Hopkins (= Kelantanius Nunberg), Xylechinus Chapuis (= Pruniphagus Murayama), Xylocleptes Ferrari (= Hylonius Nunberg). New combinations include: Pityophthorus anticus Schedl is transferred to Araptus; Hylesinus machilus Schedl is transferred to Phloeosinus; Phloeophthorus acaciae Lea is transferred to Phloeotribus; Blastophagus squamosus Schedl is transferred to Polygraphus; Chramesus semibrunneus Eggers is transferred to Pseudochramesus; Dacryophthorus capensis Schedl is transferred to Xylechinus; Pseudochramesus imperialis Schedl is transferred to Xylechinus ; and Hoplitontus abyssinicus Schedl is transferred to Xylocleptes . New specific synonymy includes: Hypothenemus sundaensis (Eggers) (= Ernophloeus costalimai Nunberg). A note on the South American Hylesinus antipodius Schedl is included. New names are proposed as follows: Hylesinopsis kenyae for africanus (Schedl 1963) (from Alniphagus ) and Hylesinopsis ugandae for africanus (Schedl 1965) (from Hylesinus ). Species described as new to science include: Ambrosiodmus ferns (Mexico), Ambrosiodomus paucus (Costa Rica), Carphoborus bicornis (USA), Chaetophloeus pouteriae (Mexico), Cnemonyx euphorbiae (Mexico), Corthylus convexifrons (Venezuela), Corthylus senticosus (Mexico), Corthylus sentosus (Mexico), Cryptocarenus pubescens (Brazil), Cryptocarenus spatulatus (Mexico), Dendrocranulus mexicanus (Mexico), Hylesinus caseariae (Mexico), Pityophthorus levis (USA), and Trischidias exigua (Mexico).     

New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Part II

New synonymy is proposed as follows: Pityophthorus Eichhoff ( = Gnathophorus Schedl, Gnathophthorus Wood), Araptus confinis (Blandford) ( = Neopityophthorus glabricollis Schedl), A. eruditus (Schedl) ( = Neodryocoetes buscki Blackman), A. hymenaeae (Eggers) ( = Neodryocoetes humilis Blackman), A. schedli (Blackman) ( = Neodryocoetes lenis Blackman), A. tenellus (Schedl) ( = Ctenyophthorus mexicanus Schedl, Neodryocoetes granulatus Schedl, Araptus cuspidus Wood), Coccotrypes carpophagus (Hornung) ( = Coccotrypes liberiensis Hopkins, Coccotrypes punctatulus Eggers), C. dactyliperda (Fabricius) ( = Coccotrypes bassiavorus Hopkins), C. robustus Eichhoff ( = Coccotrypes cylindricus Schedl), Cryptocarenus heveae (Hagedorn) ( = Cryptocarenus caraibicus Eggers), Hypothenemus setosus (Eichhoff) ( = Stephanoderes congonus Hagedorn). Microcorthylus minutus Schedl ( = Microcorthylus minutissimus Schedl), Pseudopityophthorus limbatus Eggers ( = Pseudopityophthorus micans Wood), Xyleborus obliquus (LeConte) ( = Xyleborus gilvipes Blandford, X. brasiliensis Eggers, illepidus Schedl). Hypothenemus javanus Eggers is a valid species. The genus Dacnophthorus, type - species Gnathophthorus clematus Wood, is described as new to science. The following species are described as new to science: Araptus consobrinus, A. micaceus, Pityophthorus explicitus, and P. inceptis (Mexico), P. costatus and P. mendosus (Costa Rica), P. degener and P. timidulus (Panama), P. amiculus (Mexico, Costa Rica), and P. dissolutus (Costa Rica, Panama), Xyleborus californicus (California), X. incultus, X. molestulus (Panama), and tristiculus (Brazil).       

Nomenclatural changes and new species in Platypodidae and Scolyidae (Coleoptera), Part II

In Platypodidae the new name Genyocerus strohmeyeri replaced the junior homonym G. albipennis Strohmeyer, 1942, and the new name Platypus applanatulus replaced the junior homonym Platypus applanatus Schedl, 1976. New names are presented in Scolytidae as replacements for junior homonyms as follows: Cryphalus brownei for Cryphalus artocarpus Schedl, 1958; Cyclorhipidion dihingicum for Xyleborus dihingensis Schedl, 1951; Hypothenemus aterrimulus for Lepiceroides (now Hypothenemus ) aterrimus Schedl, 1957; Hypothenemus krivolutskayae for Hypothenemus insularis Krivolutskaya; Pityophthorus africanulus for Neodryocoetes (now Pityophthorus ) africanus Schedl, 1962; Scolytogenes papuensis for Xylocryptus (now Scolytogenes ) papuanus Schedl, 1975; Scolytogenes paradoxus for Scolytogenes papuanus Schedl, 1979; Xyleborinus spiniposticus for Eidophelus (now Xyleborinus ) spinipennis Schedl, 1979; Xyleborus formosae for Xyleborus formosanus Browne, 1981. New combinations for fossil Scolytidae include Dryocoetes diluvialis for Pityophthoroidea diluvialis Wickham, 1916, and Hylesinus hydropicus for Apidocephalus hydropicus Wickham, 1916. Phloeotribus zimmermanni Wickham, 1916, is transferred to the family Curculionidae. In Scolytidae, Cryphalophilus Schedl, 1970, is a junior generic synonym of Scolytogenes Eichhoff; Macrocryphalus Nobuchi, 1981, is a junior generic synonym of Hypothenemus Westwood, 1836; Nipponopolygraphus Nobuchi, 1981, is a junior generic synonym of Polygraphus Erichson, 1836; Pseudocosmoderes Nobuchi, 1981, is a junior generic synonym of Cosmoderes Eichhoff, 1878; Taphrocoetes Pfeffer, 1987, is a junior generic synonym of Taphrorychus Eichhoff; Trypanophellos Bright, 1982, is a junior generic synonym of Liparthrum Wollaston. New specific synonymy in Scolytidae includes: Brachyspartus moritzi Ferrari (= Corthylus obtusus Schedl), Carphoborus minimus (Fabricius) (= Carphobhorus balgensis Murayama), Coccotrypes dactyliperda (Fabricius) (= Coccotrypes tropicus Eichhoff), Cryphalus scabricollis Eichhoff (= Cryphalus brevicollis Schedl), Ficicis despects (Walker) (= Hylesinus samoanus Schedl), Hylastes plumbeus Blandford (= Hylurgops fushunensis Murayama), Hylurgops interstitialis (Chapuis) (= Hylurgops niponicus Murayama), Hylurgops spessivtsevi Eggers (= Hylurgops modestus Murayama), Ips stebbingi Strohmeyer (= Ips schmutzenhoferi Holzschuh), Phloeosinus rudis Blandford (= Phloeosinus shotoensis Murayama, Polygraphus kaimochi (Nobuchi) (= Polygraphus querci Wood), Polygraphus proximus Blandford (= Polygraphus magnus Murayama), Scolytogenes braderi Browne (= Scolytogenes orientalis Schedl), Scolytoplatypus parvus Sampson (= Scolytoplatypus ruficauda Eggers), Sphaerotrypes querci Stebbing (= Chramesus globulus Stebbing, Sphaerotrypes tectus Beeson), Sueus niisimai (Eggers) (= Sphaerotrypes controversae Murayama), Tomicus brevipilosus (Eggers) (= Blastophagus khasianus Murayama, Blastophagus multisetosus Murayama). The European Hylastes opacus Erichson is reported as an established breeding population in New York (USA). Phloeosinus armatus Reitter of Asia Minor is reported as causing economic damage as a new introduction to Los Angeles County, California. The following species are named as new to science: Cyclorhipidion subagnatum (Philippine Islands), Dendrotrupes zealandicus (New Zealand), Polygraphus thitsi (Burma), Triotemnus pilicornis (India), and Xyleborus mangificus (Peru).     

New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Part VII

New synonymy of American Scolytidae is proposed as follows: Coccotrypes cyperi (Beeson) ( = Thamnurgides indicus Eggers), Pityophthorus attenuatus Blackman ( = Pityophthorus pusillus Wood), Pityophthorus digestus LeConte ( = Pityophthorus aplanatus Schedl), Pseudohylesinus sericeus (Mannerheim) ( = Pseudohylesinus yasamatsui Nobuchi), Xyleborus mutabilis Schedl ( = Xyleborus meridensis Wood). New names are proposed to replace junior homonyms as follows: Pityophthorus indigus for Pityophthorus indigens Wood, 1977 (nec Wood 1976), and Xyloborus devexulus for Xyleborus devexus Wood, 1977 (nec Schedl, 1977). The following species are named as new to science: Conophthorus echinatae (Missouri), Lymantor alaskanus (Alaska), Pityophthorus delicatus (Mexico), P. rubidus (Arizona and Mexico), P. vesculus (Panama), Scolytodes comitabilis, S. crinalis, S. crinitus, S. decorus, S. genialis, S. habilis, S. libidus, S. perpussilus, S. semipunctatus (Venezuela).     

New synonymy and new species of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

  New synonymy in Scolytidae is proposed as follows: Camptocerus opacicollis (Eggers) ( = Camptocerus aquilus Wood), Cladoctonus corumbensis (Eggers) (= Hoplitophthorus bolivianus Wood), Cladoctonus interruptus (Eggers) ( = Hoplitophthorus sentus Wood), Cnemonyx errans (Blandford) ( = Ceratolepis barbatus Schedl), Cnemonyx flavicornis (Chapnis) (= Cnemonyx vianai Schedl), Cnesinus dividuus Schedl (= Cnesinus dryographus Schedl, Cnesinus laevicollis Schedl), Cryptocurus spinipennis Schedl (= Hyloperus caudatus Browne, Hyloperus bicornis Browne), Dendrosinus ater Eggers (= Dendrosinus hirsutus Schedl), Hylesinus aculeatus Say ( = Hylesinus imperialis Eichhoff), Hylesinus cordipennis Lea (= Hylesinus papuanus Eggers), Hylesinus macmahoni (Stebbing) (= Hylesinus alternans Schedl, Leperisinus fraxinoides Beeson, Leperisinus fraxinoides Schedl), Hylesinus niligrinus Eggers (= Trogloditica robusta Schedl), Phloeosinopsoides triseriatus (Schedl) (= Xylechinus papuanus Schedl), Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (Bernard) ( = Phloeotribus americanus Dejean), Scolytogenes darwini Eichhoff ( = Nigritus similis Eggers, Nigritus major Eggers, Scolytogenes cryptolepis Schedl), Scolytodes notatus Eggers ( = Hexacolus pseudobicolor Eggers, Hexacolus subparalleus Eggers, Hexacolus pelicerinus Schedl), Scolytopsis puncticollis Blandford ( = Scolytopsis argentinensis Schedl, Scolytus bruchi Schedl, Scolytopsis toba Wichmann), Tomicus piniperda (Linnaeus) (= Blastophagus khasianus Murayama), Xylechinus spathifer Schedl (= Pteleobius lomatiae Schedl). Species new to science are described as Acanthotomicus ipsimorphus (Costa Rica), Acrantus opimus (Indonesian New Guinea), Bothrosternus hirsutus (Venezuela), Cnesinus discretus (Venezuela) Cnesinus minor (Costa Rica), Corthylus trunacatus (Peru), Hylurgus indicus (India), Pachycotes minor (Australia), Phloeosinopsoides pumilus (Papua New Guinea), Xylechinosomus pilosus (Brazil).           

Relative and seasonal abundance of three bark beetle predators (Coleoptera: Trogositidae, Cleridae) across an elevation gradient in ponderosa pine forests of north central Arizona

We examined abundance and flight periodicity of 3 predators of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae), Enoclerus sphegeus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and E. lecontei (Wolcott) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), across an elevational gradient of ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa Lawson) forests in north central Arizona. Predator populations were estimated at 10 sites in each of 3 elevation bands (low: 1600–1736 m; mid: 2058–2230 m; high: 2505–2651 m) for 3 years (2004–2006) using pheromone-baited funnel traps targeting 3 primary bark beetle species. We also investigated how predator abundance and flight seasonality related to those of 5 bark beetle species: Ips pini (Say), I. lecontei Swaine, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, D. brevicomis LeConte, and D. adjunctus Blandford. Temnochila chlorodia was most abundant in the low- and mid-elevation bands, whereas E. sphegeus was most abundant in the high-elevation band. Enoclerus lecontei showed no consistent elevational trend in abundance. Within each elevation band, changes in annual abundance of pooled predator species tracked shifts in abundance of pooled bark beetle species. In general, predator flight initiation coincided with or closely followed bark beetle flight initiation in the spring, but predator flight terminated before flight activity ended for most bark beetle species in the fall. In addition, the ratio of prey to predators was lowest in the summer and highest in the fall. This suggests that all bark beetle species examined may be provided temporal escape from their predators in the fall. For all 3 predator species, the pheromone-baited trap targeting D. brevicomis was less attractive than the pheromone-baited traps targeting I. pini and I. lecontei.     

A revision and phylogenetic re-evaluation of the family Schizopodidae (Coleoptera,Buprestoidea)

The Schizopodidae (formerly subfamily Schizopodinae, family Buprestidae) is elevated to family status, based on a review of its morphology including wing venation, male and female genitalia, larvae, and also a cladistic analysis of in-group and out-group comparisions. Two tribes are recognized: Schizopodini LeConte with one genus, Schizopus LeConte and Dystaxiini Théry with two genera: Dystaxia LeConte and Glyptoscelimorpha Horn. The genus Schizopus contains two species: S. laetus LeConte and S. sallei Horn with one new subspecies, S. sallei nigricans Nelson. The genus Dystaxia includes two species: D. murrayi LeConte, and D. elegans Fall. The genus Glyptoscelimorpha is separated into two subgenera: G. (s. str.) with two species, G. marmorata Horn, and G. viridis Chamberlin; and G. (Dystaxiella) Knull, new status, with one species, G. (D.) juniperae (Knull), new combination, with a new subspecies, G. (D.) juniperae viridiceps Nelson. All taxa are described and information on variation, type localities, distribution, biology, and comparisons are given for each species. Keys to taxa for tribes to subspecies are provided. Illustrations for all species, including habitus, male and female genitalia and other parts, as well as cladograms of relationships are presented. Lectotypes are designated for the following: Yermoella helferi Obenberger, Dystaxia elegans Fall and Glyptoscelimorpha marmorata Horn. Tables of taxa, characters and character states used in the cladistic analysis are included.     

Nomenclatural changes and new species in Scolytidae (Coleoptera), Part III

New synonymy is proposed for Phlocosinus (Hylesinus) machilus (Schedl) (= Phlocosinus cinnamomi Tsai & Yin). New replacement names are proposed for junior homonyms as follows: Cyrtogenius africus for Cyrtogenius (Metahylastes) africanus (Eggers). Cyrtogenius elongatissimus for Cyrtogenius (Ozodendron) elongatus (Schedl), Cyrtogenius elongatulus for Cyrtogenius elongatulus for Cyrtogenius (Eidophelus) elongatus (Schedl), Cyrtogenius gracillimus for Cyrtogenius gracilis Browne, Cyrtogenius papuae for Cyrtogenius (Pelicerus) papuanus (Eggers), Cyrtogenius papuensis for Cyrtogenius (Eidophelus) papuanus (Shedl), Cyrtogenius ruginosus for Cyrtogenius (mimidendrulus) rugicollis (Browne). The following species are named as new to science: Indocryphalus machili (India), Olonthogaster jiri (India), Olonthogaster regalis (Sri Lanka), Phlocosinus phoebe (India), Scolytomimus andamanensis (Andaman Islands), Scolytomimus mimusopis (Sri Lanka), ( Scolytomimus quadridens (New Guinea), and Scolytomimus rectus (Sri Lanka).     

New American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), with two recently introduced species

Species named as new to science include: Conophthorus michoacanae, C. teocotum, Hylesinus aztecus (Mexico), Phloeocleptus punctatus (Costa Rica), Pseudothysanoes atomus (Venezuela), P. leechi (California), Pityogenes mexicanus, Araptus speciosus, Amphicranus spectus (Mexico), and Xyleborus praestans (Panama). Also reported are the first records of the notorious Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) from South America (Brazil), and the first American records of Xyleborus fornicatus Eichhoff (Panama) and X. validus Eichhoff (New York and Pennsylvania).     

New synonymy and records of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Alniphagus africanus Schedl, 1963, and Hylesinus africanus Schedl, 1965, were both transferred to Hylesinopsis and thereby become junior homonyms of H. africanus (Eggers, 1933). The new name H. acaciolens is proposed as a replacement for Schedl's 1963 name and H. secutus as a new name for Schedl's 1965 name. Six species from Mexico are described as new to science, including: Hylocurus atkinsoni, H. crotonis, Monarthrum xalapensis, Pseudochramesus jaliscoensis, Pseudopityophthorus durangoensis , and P. xalapae .     

New species and records of North American Pityophthorus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Part IV: the Scriptor group

Six new species of Pityophthorus from Mexico are described. The new species, all in the Scriptor group, are: atkinsoni, diminutivus, equihuai, thamnus, trunculus and zexmenivora . An additional locality record for P. coronarius Blackman is included. A new key to the 22 species included in the Scriptor group is presented.         

New species and new records of North American Pityophthorus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Part V: the Juglandis group

Six new species of Pityophthorus from Mexico are described. The new species, all in the Scriptor group, are: atkinsoni, diminutivus, equihuai, thamnus, trunculus and zexmenivora . An additional locality record for P. coronarius Blackman is included. A new key to the 22 species included in the Scriptor group is presented.         

Six new Scolytidae (Coleoptera) from Mexico

Alniphagus africanus Schedl, 1963, and Hylesinus africanus Schedl, 1965, were both transferred to Hylesinopsis and thereby become junior homonyms of H. africanus (Eggers, 1933). The new name H. acaciolens is proposed as a replacement for Schedl's 1963 name and H. secutus as a new name for Schedl's 1965 name. Six species from Mexico are described as new to science, including: Hylocurus atkinsoni, H. crotonis, Monarthrum xalapensis, Pseudochramesus jaliscoensis, Pseudopityophthorus durangoensis , and P. xalapae .     

A phylogenetic revision of Spilodiscus Lewis (Coleoptera: Histeridae)

Spilodiscus Lewis, a Nearctic group of Histerini, is polyphyletic as presently constituted. Morphological analyses indicate that the following species should be removed from the taxon to Hister: militaris Horn, lucanus Horn, patagiatus Lewis, sarcinatus Lewis, penulatus Lewis, tunicatus Lewis, humilis Fall, bilobatus Casey, and quadratulus Casey. Based on cladistic character evidence, Spilodiscus contains eight valid species (new junior synonyms in brackets). Morphological data supports exclusive, full-species status for S. arcuatus (Say), S. sellatus (LeConte), S. flohri (Lewis), and S. floridanus Ross. The remaining four taxa are ferespecies, which are putatively reproductively isolated entities whose phylogenetic exclusivity is not well-supported: S. ‘ulkei’ (Horn) [= Hister sculpticauda Casey, H. subcruentus Casey, H. coruscans Casey, H. iowensis Casey], S. ‘gloveri’ (Horn), S. ‘biplagiatus’ (LeConte), and S. ‘instratus’ (LeConte) [= Hister semiruber Casey, H. solaris Carnochan]. Over time the lineage has shifted from largely free-living but facultatively inquilinous habits to obligate rodentophily with a more recent reversal back to facultative inquilinism.     

New synonymy and new species of American bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Part IV

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