Age, growth, and food habits of tui chub, Gila bicolor, in Walker Lake, Nevada

At Walker Lake, Nevada, tui chub were collected 1975–1977 for analysis of age, growth rate, and food habits. The fork length (FL) – scale radius (SR) relationship was linear and described by the equation FL = 4.44 + 3.17 (SR). Age I, II, III, and IV chub were 116, 176, 218, and 242 mm fork length, respectively. Maximum longevity was six years. The length weight relationship was defined by the log transformed linear equation log weight = - 4.65 + 2.93 (log FL). Chub collected from pelagic regions ate mostly zooplankton, whereas chub collected from littoral areas had a diet of zooplankton and benthic organisms.         

Diversity, phenology, and elevational distribution of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera in American Fork Canyon, Utah

Although the aquatic insect fauna of Utah and their associated adult forms are well documented taxonomically and biogeographically, little is known about seasonal and elevational patterns of aquatic insect diversity in individual Wasatch streams. We selected the American Fork River, a relatively pristine stream with little anthropogenic disturbance, as our target stream to investigate elevational distribution and seasonal phenology of adult forms of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT). From April to October in 2003 through 2005, a total of 71 adult forms of EPT species were documented along the American Fork River. No single sampling period captured more than 30 species, and richness per sampling period averaged 8 species for all sites combined. The mid-elevational site (1862 msl) was the most species rich, with 54 species of transitional fauna captured along the elevational gradient. As such, this site is an important reference for maximum potential richness. Plecoptera emerged earlier in the year than Trichoptera, with the Plecoptera-dominated community being most rich in June, and the Trichoptera-dominated community being most rich in August. We observed 3 distinct seasonal species suites and 3 elevationally zoned community assemblages that were recurrent in their timing and location from year to year. The compiled species lists, life histories, and preliminary investigation of ecological trends provide a firm basis for further systematic studies on the ecology, water quality, and conservation of the aquatic insects of the American Fork River and similar mountain streams, particularly in the Wasatch region. Aunque la fauna de insectos acuáticos de Utah y sus formas adultas asociadas están bien documentadas taxonómica y biogeográficamente, se conoce poco sobre los patrones de distribución estacionales y altitudinales de la diversidad de insectos acuáticos en arroyos individuales de la cordillera Wasatch. Seleccionamos el Río American Fork, un arroyo relativamente prístino con poca perturbación antropogénica, como nuestro objetivo para investigar la distribución altitudinal de las formas adultas de Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera y Trichoptera (EPT), así como su fenología estacional. De abril a octubre del año 2003 al 2005, se documentó un total de 71 formas adultas de especies de EPT a lo largo del Río American Fork. No se encontraron más de 30 especies en ninguno de los períodos de muestreo, y combinando los datos de todos los sitios, el promedio de especies por período fue ocho. El sitio de elevación media (1862 msnm) fue el más rico con 54 especies constituidas por una fauna transicional entre los sitios a lo largo del gradiente de elevación, y como tal éste es un importante punto de referencia para determinar el máximo potencial de riqueza de especies. Los plecópteros aparecieron más temprano en el año que los tricópteros—la comunidad predominada por Plecoptera fue más rica en especies en junio—mientras que la comunidad predominantemente Trichoptera alcanzó su mayor riqueza en agosto. Observamos tres distintos conjuntos estacionales de especies y tres comunidades distribuidas por elevación, las cuales fueron recurrentes en su temporalidad y localización año tras año. La lista recopilada de especies, las historias de vida y la investigación preliminar de tendencias ecológicas aportan una firme base para más estudios sistemáticos y ecológicos, así como de calidad de agua y conservación de los insectos acuáticos del Río American Fork y otros arroyos semejantes a este, particularmente en la región de la cordillera Wasatch.     

Species composition, emergence, and habitat preferences of Trichoptera of the Sagehen Creek Basin, California, USA

An extensive study of larvae and adult Trichoptera of the Sagehen Creek basin. Sierra Nevada, California, USA, revealed 77 species representing 14 families and 41 genera. Twenty-six species were restricted to small water bodies (spring sources, seeps, spring streams, temporary ponds, and intermittent streams); 27 were restricted to Sagehen Creek, a second-order stream, and the mouths of two large spring streams. Similarity between species caught at black lights and those in emergence traps was 43%. There were two major peaks in adult emergence by species, midsummer and late summer-fall. A few species emerged during winter or throughout most of the year. The species composition of the community showed affinity with Oregon, the Great Basin, and the Rocky Mountains but very little similarity with the California Coast Range. Four of the most abundant species in the basin have very restricted distributions. Ecological separation of several groups of closely related species could be explained by major differences in larval habitats or by different emergence periods.     

Parasites of the cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki, and longnose suckers, Catostomus catostomus, from Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Twenty-five cutthroat trout ( Salmo clarki ) and eight longnose suckers ( Catostomus catostomus ) from Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, were collected and examined for parasites in 1985. Cutthroat trout had at least six different species of parasites that included both protozoans and helminths. The greatest number of parasite species on one fish was nine. Parasites added to the known list for cutthroat trout from Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, were: Myxosoma sp., Diphyllobothrium ditremum, Diphyllobothrium dendriticum, Diplostomum baeri, and Posthodiplostomum minimum. These data were compared with a previous survey (1971) and a checklist of parasites of cutthroat trout in North America. There are 17 species of parasites and two fungal species reported for cutthroat trout from Yellowstone Lake. Trichophrya catostomi, Diplostomum spathaceum, and Ligula sp. were observed in the small sample of longnose suckers.        

First record of Syncarida from Queensland,Australia, with description of two new species of Notobathynella Schminke, 1973 (Crustacea,Bathynellacea, Parabathynellidae)

Two new species of the parabathynellid genus Notobathynella Schminke, 1973 Schminke, HK. 1973. Evolution, System und Verbreitungsgeschichte der Familie Parabathynellidae (Bathynellacea, Malacostraca)Akad Wiss Lit Mainz, Math-Naturwiss Klasse, Mikrofauna Meeresbodens, 24: 1–192.  [Google Scholar] are described from Australia: N. octocamura sp. nov. and N. pentatrichion sp. nov. Notobathynella octocamura sp. nov. has eight claws on the distal endite of the maxillule, a character that is unique in the Parabathynellidae. It is also the first species of the genus with the following characters: five setae on the terminal segment of antenna, 26–28 teeth on labrum, 31 setae on maxilla, a three-segmented exopod on thoracopod I, five-segmented exopods on thoracopods IV and V, three setae and two claws on the fourth endopodal segment of thoracopods I to IV, and six setae on the uropodal exopod. This species also has a unique setal formula for some thoracopods. Notobathynella pentatrichion sp. nov. is unique in the genus with five setae on the uropodal exopod and, like N. octocamura sp. nov., has a one- or two-segmented exopod on thoracopod I, a four- or five-segmented exopod of thoracopod V, and three setae and two claws in the four segments of the endopod of thoracopods II to IV. The two new species extend the distribution of Bathynellacea in Australia and are the first species to be described from Queensland.     

Description of a new species of Demania Laurie, 1906 (Crustacea,Decapoda, Brachyura,Xanthidae) from the Bay of Bengal,Indian Ocean

A new species of xanthid crab, Demania bangladeshensis sp. nov., is described from the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean. Demania bangladeshensis appears to be most closely related to Demania toxica Garth, 1971, a poisonous species from the Philippines, but can easily be separated by the differently sculptured carapace, legs and chelipeds.     

Diatom flora of Beaver Dam Creek, Washington County, Utah, USA

The diatom flora of Beaver Dam Creek, Washington County, Utah, was studied. The study area is in a warm Mojave Desert environment at an elevation between 810 and 850 m. A total of 99 taxa were identified from composite samples taken in the fall, winter, spring, and summer seasons. These taxa are all broadly distributed and no endemic species were encountered. Three new records for the state of Utah were identified: Gomphoneis eriense Skv. & Mayer, Navicula elginensis var. lata. (M. Perag.) Patr., and Nitzschia calida Grun. The most important taxa throughout the study as determined by multiplying percent presence by average relative density (Important Species Index) were Cymbella affinis Kütz., Epithemia sorex Kütz., Navicula veneta Kütz., Nitzschia palea (Kütz.) W. Sm., and Nitzschia microcephala Grun.     

Subspecific identity of the Amargosa pupfish, Cyprinodon nevadensis, from Crystal Spring, Ash Meadows, Nevada

Samples of pupfish from Crystal, Marsh, and Point of Rocks springs, Ash Meadows, Nevada, were examined to determine the subspecific identity of Cyprinodon nevadensis presently inhabiting Crystal Spring. Meristic and morphometric analyses indicate that Crystal Spring is inhabited by C. n. mionectes. The presence of this subspecies is most likely explained by their precarious survival in the spring's outflow after they were eliminated by transplanted largemouth bass in the spring pool, and their subsequent reestablishment throughout the spring system after the extirpation of the bass.     

Description of four new species of Hersiliidae (Arachnida,Araneae) from Kinabalu National Park,Sabah, Borneo,Malaysia

The family Hersiliidae includes, to date, seven genera and 148 species, distributed throughout tropical, subtropical and warm temperate zones. Of these, five genera and 30 species have been recorded from the Oriental region. In this paper, three new species of the genus Hersilia Audouin and one new species of the genus Tamopsis Baehr and Baehr are described from Kinabalu National Park, Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia.     

Food of larval tui chubs, Gila bicolor, in Pyramid Lake, Nevada

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Four near-surface locations in Pyramid Lake, Nevada, were sampled for larval tui chubs ( Gila bicolor ) during summer and early fall 1979. Numbers of larvae collected were highest in mid-July. Zooplankton was the only food eaten throughout the survey; the cladoceran Moina hutchinsoni was the major species eaten at all locations. Another cladoceran, Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum, was also important to the diet of pelagic larvae, and the copepod Cyclops vernalis was eaten in significant quantities by nearshore fish. Changes in diet composition of larval tui chubs during summer corresponded to seasonal succession of zooplankton species in Pyramid Lake.     

The polychaete fauna of Careel Bay,Pittwater, New South Wales,Australia

Summary

The polychaete fauna of Careel Bay, Pittwater (33°37′S; 151°20′E) a sheltered estuarine area just north of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia is described. Some 57 species are described of which Parahalosydna chrysostichtus, Nereis posidoniae, Malacoceros divisus. Polydora penicillata. Prionospio multicristata. Nerinides vexillatus, Caulleriella tricapillata, Notomastus torquatus, Amphicteis dalmatica and Streblosoma acymatum are new species and 11 are new records for Australia. All previous Australian records are given for each species.     

Plants of Angel Island, Marin County, California

The floristic composition of Angel Island, Marin County, California, is presented. The vascular flora consists of 416 native and naturalized plants, representing 252 genera and 73 families. Eighty species of ornamental plants persisting from cultivation, representing 64 genera and 39 families, are also identified. The nonvascular flora consists of 42 species of fungi, 7 species of green algae, 8 species of brown algae, and 41 species of red algae. The vascular flora occurs in seven plant communities and is composed mainly of the following plant types: forbs (69 percent), grasses (13 percent), shrubs (8 percent), and trees (4 percent). Approximately 25 percent of the 1605 native and naturalized vascular plants of Marin County occur on Angel Island.       

Diatom flora of Mink Creek, Idaho, USA

Diatoms were collected from an open-canopy and closed-canopy site on Mink Creek, Bannock County, Idaho, a third-order Rocky Mountain stream. Ninety diatom taxa were identified. Achnanthes minutissima Kuetz. And Navicula lanceolata (Ag. ) Kuetz. dominated the open-canopy site, whereas Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.)CI. comprised greater than 40% of the diatom assemblage at the closed-canopy site. Seven of the 10 most important diatoms were present at both sites. A high degree of similarity was evident between natural and artificial substrates at both sites. Although most taxa were present at both sites, it is apparent from this study that differences in the abundance of taxa occur according to variations in light.