掺锰对[Bi_(0.5)(Na_(1-x)Ag_x)_(0.5)]_(1-y)Ba_yTiO_3系陶瓷压电和介电性能的影响

利用传统陶瓷工艺制备了MnO2(0～0.4wt%)掺杂[Bi0.5(Na1-xAgx)0.5]1-yBayTi O3(x=0.06,y=0.06)无铅压电陶瓷,研究了掺杂对该体系陶瓷的结构、压电和介电性能的影响.结果表明,陶瓷的压电常数d33随锰掺杂量增加而减小;适量锰离子的引入可降低介电损耗tgδ,提高机械品质因数Qm.当锰掺杂量达到0.4wt%时,陶瓷的压电性能大幅度降低.锰含量为0.15wt%时该体系陶瓷具有较好的性能压电常数d33=160pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=34%,kt=52%,介电常数εr=804,机械品质因数Qm=163,介电损耗tgδ=2.0%.     

锂和锰掺杂PMN-PMN-PZT陶瓷电性能的研究

采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了不同Li2CO3和MnO2掺杂的PMN-PMN-PZT四元系压电陶瓷.用XRD技术分析了陶瓷的相结构,研究了不同Li2CO3和MnO2添加量对陶瓷的机械品质因数Qm、机电耦合系数Kp、压电常数d33以及介电损耗tanδ的影响.结果表明,在840℃预烧、1 000℃烧结下,当Li2CO3质量分数为0.1%、MnO2质量分数为0.2%时,陶瓷具有优良的电性能.其主要性能参数为:Kp=0.58,Qm=1 702,d33=268pC/N,r=1.91Ω,tanδ=0.005 2,该材料可作为大功率压电变压器的候选材料.     

微波烧结法制备Fe2O3掺杂0.55PNN-0.45PZT压电陶瓷及性能

微波烧结是一种新型、高效的陶瓷烧结工艺,具有升温速度快、节能省时、改善微观结构、降低烧结温度等特点。本文采用微波烧结工艺制备了Fe2O3掺杂的0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.45Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3(简写为0.55PNN-0.45PZT)压电陶瓷,烧结温度为1200℃、保温时间为2h。利用X射线衍射(X-Ray Diffraction,XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)、阻抗分析仪及铁电分析仪等测试表征方法,研究了Fe2O3掺杂对陶瓷的结构、介电以及压电性能的影响。结果表明,所有陶瓷样品均为钙钛矿结构,随着Fe2O3掺杂量的增加,压电和介电性能呈先增加后减小趋势。当Fe2O3掺杂量为0.8%(质量分数)时,陶瓷达到最优电学性能:压电常数d33、平面机电耦合系数kp、相对介电常数εr和介电损耗tanδ分别为d33=520pC/N,kp=0.51,εr=4768,tanδ=0.026。     

(1-x)Bi_(0.5)(Na_(0.8)K_(0.2))_(0.5)TiO_3-xNaSbO_3无铅压电陶瓷微结构与电学性能研究

采用传统压电陶瓷工艺制备了(1-x)B i0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3-xNaSbO3无铅压电陶瓷,利用XRD、SEM等测试技术表征了陶瓷的晶相结构和表面形貌,利用一些电学仪器测试了其介电和压电性能.结果表明,该体系陶瓷具有单相钙钛矿结构,适量的NaSbO3掺杂可以提高该陶瓷的致密性.在室温下,当掺杂量为0.5%时,该体系表现出较好的压电性能:压电常数d33和机电耦合系数kp分别达到107pC/N和0.209;当掺杂量为0.7%时,εr和tanδ分别为1 551和0.05.     

锆钛比变化对PZT-PZN-PMS压电陶瓷相结构及电学性能的影响

通过传统固相法合成了四元系压电陶瓷材料Pb0.95Sr0.05(Zr1-xTix)O3-Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3-Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(简称PZT-PMS-PZN),用XRD技术分析了陶瓷的相结构,研究了不同Zr/Ti比对该材料的机械品质因数Qm、机电耦合系数KP、压电常数d33、介电常数rε以及介电损耗tanδ的影响.结果表明,当0.46≤x≤0.50时,材料四方与菱方两相共存,即为材料的准同型相界.当x=0.48且烧结温度为1150℃时,陶瓷具有优良的综合电学性能.其主要性能参数为:εr=1 761,tanδ=0.002 8,Qm=1300,d33=351pC/N,Kp=0.58.该材料可作为大功率压电陶瓷变压器的候选材料.     

K_(0.5)Na_(0.5)NbO_3-LiSbO_3-BiMnO_3无铅压电陶瓷的常压烧结与压电性能

采用传统的无压固相烧结法工艺制备微量掺杂0.2%(摩尔分数)BiMnO3(BM)的0.95K0.5Na0.5NbO3(KNN)-0.05 LiSbO3(LS)陶瓷,并研究烧结保温时间对陶瓷的结构与压电、介电性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,随烧结保温时间的延长,陶瓷的压电常数d33和机电耦合系数kp先显著升高,当保温时间为7 h时,趋于稳定,介电常数εr也随保温时间的延长而升高;机械品质因数Qm和介电损耗tanδ则一直降低。在1 100℃保温烧结9 h时,陶瓷具有最好的电性能:压电常数d33=228 pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=43%,机械品质因数Qm=55,介电损耗tanδ=0.017 8;随保温时间的延长,陶瓷的相转变温度θo-t有所降低,居里温度θc则明显升高。所有陶瓷样品在35～200℃内的介电损耗tanδ均有小于0.02。     

MnO2掺杂的KNN基无铅压电陶瓷的制备及性能

采用传统的固相反应法制备了(1-x)(Na0.65K0.35)0.94Li0.06NbO3-xmol%MnO2无铅压电陶瓷,研究了Mn的掺杂对陶瓷压电和介电性能的影响.实验结果表明,所有的样品都显示出四方相钙钛矿结构.材料的平均晶粒尺寸随着MnO2掺杂量的增加逐渐变大.MnO2的添加使样品的压电常数d33、平面机电耦合系数kp、机械品质因数Qm、介电损耗tanδ和相对密度均得到明显改善.当MnO2的掺杂量为0.50mol%的时候,样品的性能达到最佳:d33=144pC/N,kp=42%,tanδ=2.4%,Qm=168.以上数据表明,该陶瓷材料是一种极具应用潜力的无铅压电陶瓷材料.     

铌含量变化对PZT-PFW-PMN大功率压电陶瓷电性能的影响

用传统固相法制备PbZrO3-PbTiO3-Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3-Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3(简称PZT-PFW-PMN)四元系压电陶瓷.研究了不同含量的Nb2O5对PZT-PFW-PMN陶瓷的相结构、密度、介电性能和压电性能的影响.结果表明,当预烧温度为800℃,Nb2O5的质量分数w为0.00%并在1 200℃下烧结时,材料具有良好的综合电性能:d33=365pC/N,Kp=0.64,Qm=1 743,tanδ=0.005 6和r=0.997Ω,该组份是大功率压电陶瓷变压器用材料优良的备选体系.     

Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-BaTiO3无铅压电陶瓷制备及性能

研究了不同烧结制度下的NBBT6陶瓷的致密度、介电和压电性能.870℃左右预烧,可以得到致密且压电和介电性能较好的陶瓷(d33=107 pC/N.∈r=750,tanδ为3.23%).通过相应的粒度分析可知,提高预烧温度对粒度的影响不太大,但可用于湿法制备工艺中的原材料制备,解决湿法工艺中材料易被极性水分子解离而影响材料组分的问题.加入少量的BaTiO3到NBT中形成NBT-BT的固溶体,通过对压电介电性能及XRD的分析可知.当质量分数x=0.06时.(1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3晶体结构出现由三方相到四方相的转变,此时的性能达到最大值(d33=114 pC/N,∈r=1 173.tanδ为3.4%).     

PSN-PZN-PZT四元系压电陶瓷锰掺杂改性研究

作者采用传统的电子陶瓷工艺制备了PSN-PZN-PZT四元系压电陶瓷,考察了锰掺杂对材料的微结构及压电性能的影响.实验结果表明,在较宽的锰掺加量范围内,样品都可以得到完全的钙钛矿相结构,适量的锰掺杂不仅可以优化材料的压电性能,而且可以改善体系的温度稳定性能.同时,锰掺杂使PSN-PZN-PZT陶瓷的损耗tanδ降低,机械品质因数Qm增高,当掺杂量为0.5wt%时压电陶瓷具有最好的综合机电性能d33=313pC/N,kp=0.52,Qm=1466,tanδ=0.40%,有望在超声马达中获得应用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with