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Liquid structure of molten pure Cu, Cu-12Al, Cu-12Al-4Ni (mass fraction, %) alloys has been investigated using the X-ray diffraction method. It is found that the main peak of the structure factor of pure Cu is symmetrical. In the front of main peak, the curve takes on a shape of parabola, whereas a distinct pre-peak has been found around a scattering vector magnitude of 18.5 nm?1 in the structure factor of the liquid Cu-12Al alloy. This pre-peak increases its intensity with the addition of Ni in the liquid Cu-12Al-4Ni alloy. The appearance of a pre-peak is a mark of the mediate-range order. Based on Daken-Gurry theory and according to mutual interaction between unlike atoms, the analysis of correlation between different composition and liquid structure was done: the strong interaction exists between Cu and Ni, so Cu-Al can form strong chemical bond which causes compound-forming behavior. Therefore, the medium-range size clusters can form in melt. The presence of the pre-peak corresponds to these clusters. The addition of Ni can strengthen the interaction between unlike atoms and increase the sizes of clusters, thus result in the height of pre-peak increasing. 相似文献
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研究微合金化对Cu-10Ni合金耐3.5%NaCl溶液冲刷腐蚀的影响。使用中频真空熔炼炉熔炼Cu-10Ni-1Fe-1Mn-X(X=0.2Al或0.2Ti)合金,使用相同的热处理及冷变形工艺制备样品后与Cu-10Ni合金一起进行冲刷腐蚀实验。通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffractometer,XRD)、电化学腐蚀、电化学阻抗谱(electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,EIS)、X射线光电子能谱仪(X-ray photoelectron spectrometer,XPS)、质量损失测试等对样品进行分析表征。结果表明:加入0.2Al/0.2Ti后的Cu-10Ni合金的耐冲刷腐蚀能力得到提高。这是由于在Cu-10Ni-0.2Al合金及Cu-10Ni-0.2Ti合金表面耐腐蚀膜中分别含有Al2O3、TiO2,提高了样品的耐冲刷腐蚀能力;Cu-10Ni-0.2Ti合金耐冲刷腐蚀能力略强于Cu-10Ni-0.2Al合金的,这是因为Cu-10Ni-0.2Al合金在Cl?富集的环境中易吸收Cl?,从而导致膜层有一定的裂纹。 相似文献
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根据实验结果,建立了一个Ni-Ti合金马氏体相变的位错模型,认为该相变是以母相阵点到马氏体阵点的矢量b1或b2为Burgers矢量的相变位错在母相(110)p面上交替地运动,形成一对对(001)M孪晶,马氏体以形成孪晶对的形式生长,这样的马氏体具有最小的弹性应变能。利用此模型提出了马氏体的热弹性行为和形状记忆效应的物理机制。 相似文献
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Using a θ-θ X ray diffractometer the structure of liquid hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy at 675℃ and its change with different thermal histories are investigated . Liquid Al is used as a reference system. It is found that a pre peak appears on the small angle part of the structure factor of the nonsuperheated hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy, but disappears after superheating whereas the structure factors of liquid Al hardly change with the different thermal histories, and no pre peak can be observed on them. The appearance of a pre peak is a mark of the intermediate range order (IRO). The pre peak is taken as the correlation between Fe atoms on the IRO length scale. Assume that the crystalline structure is the first order approximation of the liquid structure. A model structure is constructed. The basic unit is a cube formed by 8 Al atoms on its corner and one Fe atom occupying its center. The translation of such a unit along its fourbody diagonals by the length of a diagonal can meet the requirement of the Fe_Fe distance and gives a DO 3 like structure. If the vacancy among the units is filled with fcc like Al cells, the composition of the entity is about Al 7Fe, close to that of the metastable phase Al 6Fe from rapid solidification. It is speculated that there are Al 6Fe like clusters in the liquid hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy. 相似文献
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CuAlBeX系形状记忆合金记忆疲劳特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用简单的恢复角法对自行设计并熔炼的CuAlBeX系形状记忆合金进行了记忆能力与记忆寿命的探索,并与Cu24.5Zn4Al合金对比,结果表明,Cu11.6Al0.4Be0.2Cr具有最佳的记忆能力与记忆寿命,尤其是正火状态,正火及正火并100℃~200℃时效状态以及淬火并100℃~200℃时效状态均有优良的记忆性能,具有工程应用前途。 相似文献
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A Ni47Ti43Hf10 high temperature shape memory alloy is fabricated. The martensitic transformation temperature (TT) is obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and four-probe electrical resistivity measurements. The effect of thermal cycling is investigated and it is found that the TT tends to be stable quickly, which is of benefit to practical applications. The martensite structure is determined to be B19′ monoclinic by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. One-way and two-way (which is seldom reported before) shape memory properties are studied by tensile and bending tests. The cycling number of two-way shape memory effect is tested for more than 20000 times. 相似文献
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基于形状记忆合金的结构振动控制研究与展望 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
在介绍了形状记忆合金几种重要特性的基础上,综述了国内外基于形状记忆合金的结构振动控制研究现状,指出了形状记忆合金用于结构振动控制有待解决的一些关键问题,并展望了形状记忆合金在土木结构振动控制中的应用背景。 相似文献
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形状记忆合金及其应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
吴根华 《安庆师范学院学报(自然科学版)》2004,10(4):20-23
形状记忆合金是近几十年发展起来的一种新型功能材料。本文对Ni-Ti基合金、Cu基合金和Fe基合金的分类、记忆机理、记忆性能以及它们在不同领域的应用进行了评述,并展望了其应用前景。 相似文献
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吴昊 《上海理工大学学报》2016,37(3):90-94
对Cu-Ni-Al系合金的铸态组织进行研究,使企业更好地认识和了解Cu-Ni-Al系列合金,进而更好地开发利用该合金.采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪,对Cu-Ni-Al和Cu-Ni-Al-Ti合金进行观察和分析.结果表明:Cu-9.0Ni-1.4Al合金铸态组织中枝晶组织与偏析区(Ni3Al)界限十分明显,且枝晶组织比较粗大.而Ti的加入促使Ni和Cu的分布变得均匀,并且Ti的加入使合金中有魏氏体产生,致使合金的力学性能降低,减小了合金的变形能力,导致Cu-9.0Ni-1.4Al-0.5Ti合金在热轧时有开裂的现象发生.并且能谱分析显示Ni3Al存在于枝晶中和枝晶间,说明Ni3Ti的稳定性较好,在高温时就有Al3Ti形成,在固溶扩散过程中,Ni3Ti被排挤到枝晶之间,形成第二相. 相似文献
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快速凝固Ti-Ni形状记忆合金中马氏体结构 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用单辊熔体旋转法制备了近等原子比的Ti-Ni形状记忆合金,分析了快速凝固对合金相变点的影响,利用XD-5A型X-射线衍射仪测定以及相变产物马氏体的结构。快速凝固差热法可使Ti-Ni形状记忆合金中马氏体相变温度降低,同时R相变与马氏体分离。 相似文献
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基于形状记忆合金耗能器的框架振动控制试验研究 总被引:21,自引:1,他引:21
介绍了形状记忆合金的一种本构关系,讨论了SMA耗能器的工作原理,设计和制造了一种用于框架结构振动控制的SMA耗能器,并将该种耗能器安装在2层框架结构模型上,进行了结构振动实验。实验结果表明该种耗能器的耗能效果明显,并可以显著发迹框架结构的固有频率,说明了SMA耗能器框架结构劝控制上具有一定的研究价值。 相似文献
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采用光学显微镜、背散射电子图像、X射线衍射、电子探针、差示扫描量热法和透射电子显微镜研究了Ni2Ta合金的微观组织结构和相变特性.结果表明:Ni2Ta合金在经过1 200 C保温4h的热处理后,主要由大量Ni2Ta相和少量Ni2Ta析出相组成,其中Ni2Ta相有单斜和四方两种结构.单斜Ni2Ta相为典型的细小板条状马氏体形状,其板条宽度为0.1~0.3μm,且存在以(001)晶面为孪品面的典型孪品结构.Ni3Ta合金在升温和降温过程中存在单斜Ni2Ta相和四方Ni3Ta相的可逆相变,相变开始温度分别约为310和245℃.另外,在升温过程中还存在单斜Ni3Ta相向正交Ni3Ta相的转变,其相变开始温度约为310℃,但降温过程中并不存在由正交Ni3Ta相到单斜Ni3Ta相的逆转变. 相似文献
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对一种CuZnAlMn合金的记忆性能进行了研宄。实验结果表明,这种合金在30℃以下及70℃以上出现逆记现象。光镜、电镜及x-射线衍射分析证明,低温逆记是应力作用下发生2H→18R型马氏体转变的结果,中温逆记是由贝氏体转变引起的。根据研究结果提出了低温逆记机制。 相似文献
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通过X射线衍射测定了标题化合物(C_6H_8N_(10)O_(14))的晶体结构。该晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为P2_1/n,a=5.898(2)(?),b=11.761(4)(?),c=12.055(3)(?),β=98.48(2)°,V=827.0(4)(?)~3和Z=2。该晶体结构用直接法测定,然后用块矩阵最小二乘法进行修正。最后,一致性因子R=0.074,所用的F/σ(F)≥2.5的独立反射是986个。分子具有对称中心,亚硝基上氧是无序的,硝仿基的C—N键平均键长为1.52(?)。 相似文献
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The relationship between phase transformation and electric re sistivity of Ti-42.6Ni-7Cu SMA was investigated. In the isothermal tensile tests, stress—strain curve shows large hysteresis and nonlinearity, whereas the resistivity—strain curve can be fitted by linearity. The resistivity of SMAs can be determined from the volume fractions of the martensitic and austenitic phas es. This characteristics leads to that the resistance of the SMAs is used as a parameter of strain of SMAs. A SMA actuator using resistance feedback control system was proposed, which can control and retain positioning at any positions without using sensor devices, and the deviation of position of this system was less than 3 μm. 相似文献
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Using a θ-θ X-ray diffractometer, the liquid structure of pure Fe was investigated and the diffraction intensity, structure factor, pair distribution function as well as the coordination number and atomic distance were obtained. The experimental results showed that there was also a pre-peak on the curve of the structure factor of liquid pure Fe. The pre-peak is a mark of medium-range order in melts. According to the characteristics of pre-peak, an atomic model of liquid pure Fe is constructed, namely, the structure of liquid pure Fe is a combination of clusters consisting of bcc cells with shared vertexes and other atoms with random dense atom distribution. 相似文献
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采用快速凝固淬火法获得Cu-Al-Ni合金带,并对其合金的转变特性、记忆性能、时效对临界点的影响以及应变与回复率的关系进行了研究,为了进一步开发和应用提供了依据。 相似文献